7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure
... Eukaryotic cells contain an internal membrane system called the endoplasmic reticulum, or ER. The endoplasmic reticulum is where lipid components of the cell membrane are assembled, along with proteins and other materials that are exported from the cell. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall ...
... Eukaryotic cells contain an internal membrane system called the endoplasmic reticulum, or ER. The endoplasmic reticulum is where lipid components of the cell membrane are assembled, along with proteins and other materials that are exported from the cell. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall ...
Regulation of Potassium Transport in Leaves: from Molecular to
... In addition to speci®c K+-selective channels, guard cells also possess a wide range of non-selective cation channels (NSCC), either depolarization- or hyperpolarization-activated (Demidchik et al., 2002). These channels are likely to be involved in release of solutes during turgor adjustment and, to ...
... In addition to speci®c K+-selective channels, guard cells also possess a wide range of non-selective cation channels (NSCC), either depolarization- or hyperpolarization-activated (Demidchik et al., 2002). These channels are likely to be involved in release of solutes during turgor adjustment and, to ...
receptive field properties in the cat`s lateral geniculate nucleus in the
... when the stimulus came on, but no other change. Direct evidence that APB inactivated on-center cells came from 11 neurons studied both before and after injection; in all cases, their responses were suppressed by APB. Figure 1 shows an on-center Y cell’s response before the eye injection and a histog ...
... when the stimulus came on, but no other change. Direct evidence that APB inactivated on-center cells came from 11 neurons studied both before and after injection; in all cases, their responses were suppressed by APB. Figure 1 shows an on-center Y cell’s response before the eye injection and a histog ...
Full Text
... role of fatty acids in adipocyte growth and development.” Fatty acids have multiple roles in the adipocyte; they are building blocks for phospholipid and triacylglycerol synthesis, they are oxidative substrates, and they can regulate gene expression to modify adipocyte growth and differentiation. In ...
... role of fatty acids in adipocyte growth and development.” Fatty acids have multiple roles in the adipocyte; they are building blocks for phospholipid and triacylglycerol synthesis, they are oxidative substrates, and they can regulate gene expression to modify adipocyte growth and differentiation. In ...
Cell Structure and Function Chapter 4 Outline Cell Theory Cell Size
... Cell theory states all organisms are composed of cells and that cells come only from preexisting cells. – One of unifying concepts of biology. ...
... Cell theory states all organisms are composed of cells and that cells come only from preexisting cells. – One of unifying concepts of biology. ...
933 - Scope, Sequence, and Coordination
... orange, yellow, and some of the red seen in autumn leaves. Instead of capturing light for photosynthesis, the carotenoids protect the tree from the destructive power of chlorophyll. When chlorophyll absorbs light, it produces a high-energy electron that is normally passed to other compounds. However ...
... orange, yellow, and some of the red seen in autumn leaves. Instead of capturing light for photosynthesis, the carotenoids protect the tree from the destructive power of chlorophyll. When chlorophyll absorbs light, it produces a high-energy electron that is normally passed to other compounds. However ...
CD1 Proteins, but No Functional CD1d The Bovine CD1 Family
... Mycobacterial Ags that are presented by CD1 include a siderophore-related lipopeptide presented by human CD1a (1), diacylated sulfoglycolipids, lipoarabinomannan, mycolic acid, glucose monomycolates presented by human CD1b (2, 4, 6, 12), and mycobacterial phosphoglycolipids presented by human CD1c ( ...
... Mycobacterial Ags that are presented by CD1 include a siderophore-related lipopeptide presented by human CD1a (1), diacylated sulfoglycolipids, lipoarabinomannan, mycolic acid, glucose monomycolates presented by human CD1b (2, 4, 6, 12), and mycobacterial phosphoglycolipids presented by human CD1c ( ...
unresponsive to cell division control by polypeptide mating hormone
... and a-factor by MA Ta cells (29); these hormones arrest division in the cell of opposite mating type at start (3, 31) and, together, they synchronize the cell cycles of the two partners in conjugation (10). The purpose of the work reported here was to define the genes that mediate the arrest of divi ...
... and a-factor by MA Ta cells (29); these hormones arrest division in the cell of opposite mating type at start (3, 31) and, together, they synchronize the cell cycles of the two partners in conjugation (10). The purpose of the work reported here was to define the genes that mediate the arrest of divi ...
Morphological Aspect of the Midgut of Anopheles aquasalis
... epithelial cells before blood feeding (Staubli et al.; Hecker), the content of these vesicles could represent precursors of the peritrophic matrix and of digestive enzymes that may be released by exocytose immediately after blood ingestion. In A. aegypti, Anopheles sp., these substances are synthesi ...
... epithelial cells before blood feeding (Staubli et al.; Hecker), the content of these vesicles could represent precursors of the peritrophic matrix and of digestive enzymes that may be released by exocytose immediately after blood ingestion. In A. aegypti, Anopheles sp., these substances are synthesi ...
The ANGUSTIFOLIA gene of Arabidopsis, a
... immunohistochemical staining and by monitoring the expression of the TUBULIN6::Green Fluorescent Protein (TUB6::GFP) gene for the TUB6±GFP fusion protein. We analyzed the orientation of MTs in epidermal cells and in the subepidermal layer of cells (palisade cells) on the adaxial side of the leaf. As ...
... immunohistochemical staining and by monitoring the expression of the TUBULIN6::Green Fluorescent Protein (TUB6::GFP) gene for the TUB6±GFP fusion protein. We analyzed the orientation of MTs in epidermal cells and in the subepidermal layer of cells (palisade cells) on the adaxial side of the leaf. As ...
The Ndc80p Complex from Saccharomyces cerevisiae Contains
... spindle length (estimated as the distance between the nuclear edges of the two central plaques), it was necessary for the spindle to be in, or very close to, the plane of the section. In addition, all single SPBs (n ⫽ 30), some of which may have been produced by breakup of longer spindles, had stain ...
... spindle length (estimated as the distance between the nuclear edges of the two central plaques), it was necessary for the spindle to be in, or very close to, the plane of the section. In addition, all single SPBs (n ⫽ 30), some of which may have been produced by breakup of longer spindles, had stain ...
Cytological Changes in the Ehrlich Ascites Tumor Following
... of the Ehrlich ascites tumor with Anopheles A, West Nile, and Mengo virus are very striking and are only rarely found in uninfected Ehrlich ascites cells. Margination of the chromatin occurs and parachromatin bodies are found about once in every 500 tumor cells, and nuclear budding leading to smears ...
... of the Ehrlich ascites tumor with Anopheles A, West Nile, and Mengo virus are very striking and are only rarely found in uninfected Ehrlich ascites cells. Margination of the chromatin occurs and parachromatin bodies are found about once in every 500 tumor cells, and nuclear budding leading to smears ...
Role of CD45 Signaling Pathway in Galactoxylomannan- Induced T Cell Damage
... of all nucleated hematopoietic cells and their precursors, except for mature erythrocytes and platelets. It is one of the most abundant cell surface glycoproteins, comprising up to 10% of the cell surface area. The cytoplasmic region shares a remarkable 95% homology across all mammalian species anal ...
... of all nucleated hematopoietic cells and their precursors, except for mature erythrocytes and platelets. It is one of the most abundant cell surface glycoproteins, comprising up to 10% of the cell surface area. The cytoplasmic region shares a remarkable 95% homology across all mammalian species anal ...
BS2050 Principles
... growth of the individual, circadian rhythms or sexual function such as the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, spermatogenesis etc) Hormones can cause changes in brain function and behaviour Hormones often have synergistic effects – on their own they are inactive or poorly active but, at the same concen ...
... growth of the individual, circadian rhythms or sexual function such as the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, spermatogenesis etc) Hormones can cause changes in brain function and behaviour Hormones often have synergistic effects – on their own they are inactive or poorly active but, at the same concen ...
BCL-xL-Dependent Light Scattering by Apoptotic Cells
... Programmed cell death (apoptosis) is a highly regulated form of cell death fundamental to normal tissue development and homeostasis. Apoptosis is characterized by a number of welldefined molecular events shown in many cases to converge on mitochondria (Desagher and Martinou, 2000; Gross et al., 1999 ...
... Programmed cell death (apoptosis) is a highly regulated form of cell death fundamental to normal tissue development and homeostasis. Apoptosis is characterized by a number of welldefined molecular events shown in many cases to converge on mitochondria (Desagher and Martinou, 2000; Gross et al., 1999 ...
Population Biology of Lymphocytes
... Naive CD4+ T cells also require allele-specific MHC class II interactions to survive (13, 14). Monoclonal TCR-Tg CD4+ T cells, restricted to I-Ad, survive after transfer into IAd+ recipients, but disappear after transfer into I-Ad-Ab+ recipients. Persistence of nonTg CD4+ policlonal populations also ...
... Naive CD4+ T cells also require allele-specific MHC class II interactions to survive (13, 14). Monoclonal TCR-Tg CD4+ T cells, restricted to I-Ad, survive after transfer into IAd+ recipients, but disappear after transfer into I-Ad-Ab+ recipients. Persistence of nonTg CD4+ policlonal populations also ...
Cell transport with the environment
... Osmosis: The process of diffusion involving only the water molecule. Water molecules still move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration without the involvement of ATP. ...
... Osmosis: The process of diffusion involving only the water molecule. Water molecules still move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration without the involvement of ATP. ...
All-Trans Retinoic Acid Induces DU145 Cell Cycle Arrest through
... on the connection between intracellular calcium and differentiation induction, it would be interesting to investigate how Cdk5 activation and ATRA effects are related. Interestingly, p27, one of the major Cdk inhibitors (CKIs), is required for the suppression of Cdk activity and to induce cell apopt ...
... on the connection between intracellular calcium and differentiation induction, it would be interesting to investigate how Cdk5 activation and ATRA effects are related. Interestingly, p27, one of the major Cdk inhibitors (CKIs), is required for the suppression of Cdk activity and to induce cell apopt ...
ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF HUMAN NATURAL KILLER CELLS
... initial colony count and N, represented the colony count after various times of incubation . Assay of bactericidal activity in supernatants (SN) was similar to that described for cells, except that 100 Itl of serial two-fold dilutions of SN were substituted for the lymphoid cells . Results were plot ...
... initial colony count and N, represented the colony count after various times of incubation . Assay of bactericidal activity in supernatants (SN) was similar to that described for cells, except that 100 Itl of serial two-fold dilutions of SN were substituted for the lymphoid cells . Results were plot ...
Overexpression of vinculin suppresses cell motility in BALB/c 3T3 cells
... shown that chicken vinculin is rapidly incorporated into, and becomes indistinguishable from, the endogenous vinculin pool of the injected mammalian cells [Kreis et al., 19851. The precise mechanism whereby a specific increase in vinculin level suppresses cell motility is not clear. This reflects th ...
... shown that chicken vinculin is rapidly incorporated into, and becomes indistinguishable from, the endogenous vinculin pool of the injected mammalian cells [Kreis et al., 19851. The precise mechanism whereby a specific increase in vinculin level suppresses cell motility is not clear. This reflects th ...
Signaling-dependent immobilization of acylated proteins in the inner
... recovery for changes in focal plane, photobleaching, or de novo delivery of probe, recovery was also measured at an area of unengaged membrane of the same cell. Although theoretically the MF cannot exceed 100%, membrane convolution at sites of ingestion can occasionally cause the MF to exceed this v ...
... recovery for changes in focal plane, photobleaching, or de novo delivery of probe, recovery was also measured at an area of unengaged membrane of the same cell. Although theoretically the MF cannot exceed 100%, membrane convolution at sites of ingestion can occasionally cause the MF to exceed this v ...
Voltage-dependent Ionic Conductances of Type I Spiral Ganglion
... with the two-step protocol (Fig. 7B). At a holding potential of -80 mV, the time constant for recovery from an inactivating voltage step to - 10 mV was 2.16 msec. Figure 8 exemplifiesthe effectsof holding potential on the Na current-voltage relation. Changing the holding potential from -80 to -60 mV ...
... with the two-step protocol (Fig. 7B). At a holding potential of -80 mV, the time constant for recovery from an inactivating voltage step to - 10 mV was 2.16 msec. Figure 8 exemplifiesthe effectsof holding potential on the Na current-voltage relation. Changing the holding potential from -80 to -60 mV ...
Identification of novel MYO18A interaction partners - HAL
... Unconventional myosins do not form the structure of myofibrils, however, they have been shown to play important roles in the regulation of a wide range of cellular functions, including cell migration, intracellular trafficking, adhesion and cytokinesis10, although their implication in muscle cell fu ...
... Unconventional myosins do not form the structure of myofibrils, however, they have been shown to play important roles in the regulation of a wide range of cellular functions, including cell migration, intracellular trafficking, adhesion and cytokinesis10, although their implication in muscle cell fu ...
Genome-wide gene expression in uro mutant
... and developmental processes and the uro mutant demonstrated several auxin defective phenotypes (Guo et al. 2004), it is possible that the altered expression levels of other hormone related genes may be caused by an indirect effect. Our data also revealed the altered expression levels of cell cycle a ...
... and developmental processes and the uro mutant demonstrated several auxin defective phenotypes (Guo et al. 2004), it is possible that the altered expression levels of other hormone related genes may be caused by an indirect effect. Our data also revealed the altered expression levels of cell cycle a ...
Cellular differentiation
In developmental biology, cellular differentiation isa cell changes from one cell type to another. Most commonly this is a less specialized type becoming a more specialized type, such as during cell growth. Differentiation occurs numerous times during the development of a multicellular organism as it changes from a simple zygote to a complex system of tissues and cell types. Differentiation continues in adulthood as adult stem cells divide and create fully differentiated daughter cells during tissue repair and during normal cell turnover. Some differentiation occurs in response to antigen exposure. Differentiation dramatically changes a cell's size, shape, membrane potential, metabolic activity, and responsiveness to signals. These changes are largely due to highly controlled modifications in gene expression and are the study of epigenetics. With a few exceptions, cellular differentiation almost never involves a change in the DNA sequence itself. Thus, different cells can have very different physical characteristics despite having the same genome.A cell that can differentiate into all cell types of the adult organism is known as pluripotent. Such cells are called embryonic stem cells in animals and meristematic cells in higher plants. A cell that can differentiate into all cell types, including the placental tissue, is known as totipotent. In mammals, only the zygote and subsequent blastomeres are totipotent, while in plants many differentiated cells can become totipotent with simple laboratory techniques. In cytopathology, the level of cellular differentiation is used as a measure of cancer progression. ""Grade"" is a marker of how differentiated a cell in a tumor is.