growth of the plant cell wall - Personal.psu.edu
... kor mutants have defects in cytokinesis and cell elongation. Although they make (1,4)-linked β-d-glucan, it is not properly crystallized into a microfibril. It has been postulated that the KOR endoglucanase trims sterol residues from nascent glucan primers or trims out-of-register glucans to aid cry ...
... kor mutants have defects in cytokinesis and cell elongation. Although they make (1,4)-linked β-d-glucan, it is not properly crystallized into a microfibril. It has been postulated that the KOR endoglucanase trims sterol residues from nascent glucan primers or trims out-of-register glucans to aid cry ...
A genome-wide resource of cell cycle and cell shape genes of
... Fission yeast is very amenable for investigating the cell cycle and cell shape [1– 3] and has been used extensively for cell cycle studies for many years [4]. It is a rod-shaped, unicellular eukaryote that grows by apical extension and divides by medial fission and septation. This regular cell shape ...
... Fission yeast is very amenable for investigating the cell cycle and cell shape [1– 3] and has been used extensively for cell cycle studies for many years [4]. It is a rod-shaped, unicellular eukaryote that grows by apical extension and divides by medial fission and septation. This regular cell shape ...
Microbial Immune Suppression Mediated by Direct Engagement of Inhibitory Fc Receptor
... genes). Fc␥RI, Fc␥RIIA, and Fc␥RIII are activating receptors associated with ITAM (15), whereas Fc␥RIIB is an inhibitory receptor that has an ITIM in its cytoplasmic tail (16). Many immunosuppressive signals described for Fc␥RIIB such as inhibition of phagocytosis of IgG-coated particles (17), calci ...
... genes). Fc␥RI, Fc␥RIIA, and Fc␥RIII are activating receptors associated with ITAM (15), whereas Fc␥RIIB is an inhibitory receptor that has an ITIM in its cytoplasmic tail (16). Many immunosuppressive signals described for Fc␥RIIB such as inhibition of phagocytosis of IgG-coated particles (17), calci ...
to Light and Abscisic Acid
... to Light and Abscisic Acid’ Soon-Ok Eun and Youngsook Lee* Department of Life Science (S.-O.E., Y.L.), School of Environmental Engineering (Y.L.), Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 790-784, Korea; and lnstitute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan 11 529, ...
... to Light and Abscisic Acid’ Soon-Ok Eun and Youngsook Lee* Department of Life Science (S.-O.E., Y.L.), School of Environmental Engineering (Y.L.), Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 790-784, Korea; and lnstitute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan 11 529, ...
Coordinated Regulation of AIB1 Transcriptional Activity by
... AIB1 Is Modified by SUMO-1—Sumoylation has recently been identified as an important mechanism that regulates protein functions in essential biological processes, such as gene transcription, subnuclear structure organization, and cell cycle progression. Within the SRC family of coactivators, both GRI ...
... AIB1 Is Modified by SUMO-1—Sumoylation has recently been identified as an important mechanism that regulates protein functions in essential biological processes, such as gene transcription, subnuclear structure organization, and cell cycle progression. Within the SRC family of coactivators, both GRI ...
RNA SHAPE analysis in living cells
... models2, adding to our knowledge of RNA structural motifs; however, RNA structure in vivo is probably more complex and, in some cases, fundamentally different than what is observed in vitro3. RNA structure in cells is influenced by the rate of transcription, local solution conditions, binding of sma ...
... models2, adding to our knowledge of RNA structural motifs; however, RNA structure in vivo is probably more complex and, in some cases, fundamentally different than what is observed in vitro3. RNA structure in cells is influenced by the rate of transcription, local solution conditions, binding of sma ...
Making parallel lines meet
... to spaces both fascinating and useful. A contemporary case of parallel lines whose meeting is impossible but informative is offered by the humble vascular plant. Perhaps of doubtful utility for readers of Cell Adhesion and Migration, this case nevertheless could fascinate them, concerning as it does ...
... to spaces both fascinating and useful. A contemporary case of parallel lines whose meeting is impossible but informative is offered by the humble vascular plant. Perhaps of doubtful utility for readers of Cell Adhesion and Migration, this case nevertheless could fascinate them, concerning as it does ...
localization of products of atp hydrolysis in
... conditions for enzyme activity. Since, in this laboratory, attempts at isolation of the agranular endoplasmic reticulum of smooth muscle and characterization of an ATPase at this site were not successful, the adjustments in pH of the medium and the cationic constituents were made by trialand-error e ...
... conditions for enzyme activity. Since, in this laboratory, attempts at isolation of the agranular endoplasmic reticulum of smooth muscle and characterization of an ATPase at this site were not successful, the adjustments in pH of the medium and the cationic constituents were made by trialand-error e ...
Polarity and endocytosis: reciprocal regulation
... localization of key polarity proteins. Intriguingly, some polarity proteins can also regulate the endocytic machinery. Here, we review emerging evidence for the reciprocal regulation between polarity proteins and endocytic pathways, and discuss possible models for how these distinct processes could ...
... localization of key polarity proteins. Intriguingly, some polarity proteins can also regulate the endocytic machinery. Here, we review emerging evidence for the reciprocal regulation between polarity proteins and endocytic pathways, and discuss possible models for how these distinct processes could ...
Fig 1.
... the β-site APP cleaving enzyme 1 (β-secretase) [2] and the γ-secretase complex [3]. Despite significant progress in the understanding of AD, further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the accumulation of Aβ peptide that ultimately leads to early-onset AD. Tetrahydrohyperforin ...
... the β-site APP cleaving enzyme 1 (β-secretase) [2] and the γ-secretase complex [3]. Despite significant progress in the understanding of AD, further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the accumulation of Aβ peptide that ultimately leads to early-onset AD. Tetrahydrohyperforin ...
Sample pages 1 PDF
... or may not be associated with integral membrane proteins. Initially, a protein that is targeted to the PM is synthesized on the rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) (Fig. 1). From there, the protein may be trafficked to the cis-Golgi via COPII-coated vesicles (type I protein) or may be directly targeted ...
... or may not be associated with integral membrane proteins. Initially, a protein that is targeted to the PM is synthesized on the rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) (Fig. 1). From there, the protein may be trafficked to the cis-Golgi via COPII-coated vesicles (type I protein) or may be directly targeted ...
New Insights on Plant Cell Elongation: A Role for Acetylcholine
... fruit development [61], floral development [62], fruit maturation [63,64], and seed germination [65]. They are expressed in the apical meristem [66] and in active elongating tomato hypocotyl tissues [41,42,67]; they also play important roles during abiotic stress response [68–70]. Expansin activity ...
... fruit development [61], floral development [62], fruit maturation [63,64], and seed germination [65]. They are expressed in the apical meristem [66] and in active elongating tomato hypocotyl tissues [41,42,67]; they also play important roles during abiotic stress response [68–70]. Expansin activity ...
STAINING OF BACTERIAL CELLS Objective • To learn the
... the dye complex to a cellular component represents the staining reaction. Depending upon the dye, the chromophore can be either positively charged (cationic) and have an affinity for negative ions or negatively charged (anionic) with an affinity for positive ions. Bacteria carry a net negative charg ...
... the dye complex to a cellular component represents the staining reaction. Depending upon the dye, the chromophore can be either positively charged (cationic) and have an affinity for negative ions or negatively charged (anionic) with an affinity for positive ions. Bacteria carry a net negative charg ...
Therapeutic Potential of miR-3189-3p Against Glioblastoma Selby White , Duane Jeansonne
... multiprotein exon junction complex (EJC), a complex deposited at the exon-exon junction and functions in nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD). Here, we found that overexpression of miR-3189-3p results in downregulation of CASC3 and parallel upregulation of the TIA1 cytotoxic granule-associated RNA bin ...
... multiprotein exon junction complex (EJC), a complex deposited at the exon-exon junction and functions in nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD). Here, we found that overexpression of miR-3189-3p results in downregulation of CASC3 and parallel upregulation of the TIA1 cytotoxic granule-associated RNA bin ...
Enrichment of Electrochemically Active Bacteria Using a Three
... concentration on the amperometric signal generation. As shown in Fig. 4, the amperometric signal in this experiment was variable with the variation in BOD concentration. In the control experiment without inoculation, however, no change in current was observed. This indicates that variation of the am ...
... concentration on the amperometric signal generation. As shown in Fig. 4, the amperometric signal in this experiment was variable with the variation in BOD concentration. In the control experiment without inoculation, however, no change in current was observed. This indicates that variation of the am ...
Nucleolar targeting of BN46/51 - Journal of Cell Science
... the axoneme arise from the distal surface of the basal body. In addition many basal bodies are associated with arrays of cytoplasmic microtubules (CMT). However, it is unclear where the MTOC activity lies that gives rise to these CMT. Basal bodies frequently exist as complexes with various accessory ...
... the axoneme arise from the distal surface of the basal body. In addition many basal bodies are associated with arrays of cytoplasmic microtubules (CMT). However, it is unclear where the MTOC activity lies that gives rise to these CMT. Basal bodies frequently exist as complexes with various accessory ...
Full text in pdf format
... bacterial growth and division activity. In order to estiof increase and decrease. Large cells showed a distinct mate the productivity of the 'average active cell', we biomass maximum during the first half of the investicalculated the ratio of the respective tracer incorporation rate and the abundanc ...
... bacterial growth and division activity. In order to estiof increase and decrease. Large cells showed a distinct mate the productivity of the 'average active cell', we biomass maximum during the first half of the investicalculated the ratio of the respective tracer incorporation rate and the abundanc ...
Topical aldose reductase inhibitor for correcting
... 13 diabetic patients were found to have no diabetic retinopathy or simple (background) retinopathy at the pretreatment examination. During the observation period, however, neovascularisations of the retinal vessels elsewhere (proliferative diabetic retinopathy) appeared in two of the CT-1 12 treated ...
... 13 diabetic patients were found to have no diabetic retinopathy or simple (background) retinopathy at the pretreatment examination. During the observation period, however, neovascularisations of the retinal vessels elsewhere (proliferative diabetic retinopathy) appeared in two of the CT-1 12 treated ...
Georgatsou E. and Alexandraki D. - IMBB-FORTH in
... membrane-associated ferric reductase activity of the cell. Although not similar at the nucleotide level, the two genes encode proteins with significantly similar primary structures and very similar hydrophobicity profiles. The FRE1 and FRE2 proteins are functionally related, having comparable proper ...
... membrane-associated ferric reductase activity of the cell. Although not similar at the nucleotide level, the two genes encode proteins with significantly similar primary structures and very similar hydrophobicity profiles. The FRE1 and FRE2 proteins are functionally related, having comparable proper ...
Adherens Junctions, Desmosomes and Tight
... only at the overlapping edges of the corneocytes, in cell-cell interdigitation zones, and the flat corneocyte discs remain laterally attached with these junctions. When the lateral / peripheral corneodesmosomes disappear, in their turn, the corneocytes are gradually shed at the skin surface. The rea ...
... only at the overlapping edges of the corneocytes, in cell-cell interdigitation zones, and the flat corneocyte discs remain laterally attached with these junctions. When the lateral / peripheral corneodesmosomes disappear, in their turn, the corneocytes are gradually shed at the skin surface. The rea ...
A rapid and robust assay for detection of S
... used as biparametric (bivariate or dual-parameter) analysis of fixed nuclei for reliable determination of various cell cycle phases and cell cycle dynamics without using estimation algorithms [20]. Similar to microscopy-based immunodetection of BrdU, detection of BrdU in flow cytometry also requires ...
... used as biparametric (bivariate or dual-parameter) analysis of fixed nuclei for reliable determination of various cell cycle phases and cell cycle dynamics without using estimation algorithms [20]. Similar to microscopy-based immunodetection of BrdU, detection of BrdU in flow cytometry also requires ...
The Drosophila F-box protein Fbxl7 binds to the protocadherin Fat
... An important goal for developmental biologists is to understand how organs achieve a predictable size and shape at the end of their development. The Hippo signaling pathway has emerged as a key regulator of organ size (reviewed by Pan, 2010; Halder and Johnson, 2011; Tapon and Harvey, 2012). While m ...
... An important goal for developmental biologists is to understand how organs achieve a predictable size and shape at the end of their development. The Hippo signaling pathway has emerged as a key regulator of organ size (reviewed by Pan, 2010; Halder and Johnson, 2011; Tapon and Harvey, 2012). While m ...
4-3. Cell wall structure of E. coli and B. subtilis
... of MltD is probably wall recycling [69]. Recently, MltF was reported as an outer membrane-bound periplasmic protein and its C-terminal is a catalytic domain and the N-terminal appears to modulate the lytic behavior of the Cterminal domain [70]. PBP1B (ponA) that is associated with peptidoglycan bios ...
... of MltD is probably wall recycling [69]. Recently, MltF was reported as an outer membrane-bound periplasmic protein and its C-terminal is a catalytic domain and the N-terminal appears to modulate the lytic behavior of the Cterminal domain [70]. PBP1B (ponA) that is associated with peptidoglycan bios ...
Steven Lindow - Biocontrol 2016
... Large reduction in disease in DSF-producing plants: natural insect inoculation ...
... Large reduction in disease in DSF-producing plants: natural insect inoculation ...
Ion Conductances in Supporting Cells Isolated From the Mouse
... properties enable Müller cells to control the activity of retinal neurons by regulating the extracellular concentration of neuroactive substances such as K⫹, GABA and glutamate. In addition, it has been proposed that voltage-gated Na⫹ channels in these cells could be activated by the functioning of ...
... properties enable Müller cells to control the activity of retinal neurons by regulating the extracellular concentration of neuroactive substances such as K⫹, GABA and glutamate. In addition, it has been proposed that voltage-gated Na⫹ channels in these cells could be activated by the functioning of ...
Cellular differentiation
In developmental biology, cellular differentiation isa cell changes from one cell type to another. Most commonly this is a less specialized type becoming a more specialized type, such as during cell growth. Differentiation occurs numerous times during the development of a multicellular organism as it changes from a simple zygote to a complex system of tissues and cell types. Differentiation continues in adulthood as adult stem cells divide and create fully differentiated daughter cells during tissue repair and during normal cell turnover. Some differentiation occurs in response to antigen exposure. Differentiation dramatically changes a cell's size, shape, membrane potential, metabolic activity, and responsiveness to signals. These changes are largely due to highly controlled modifications in gene expression and are the study of epigenetics. With a few exceptions, cellular differentiation almost never involves a change in the DNA sequence itself. Thus, different cells can have very different physical characteristics despite having the same genome.A cell that can differentiate into all cell types of the adult organism is known as pluripotent. Such cells are called embryonic stem cells in animals and meristematic cells in higher plants. A cell that can differentiate into all cell types, including the placental tissue, is known as totipotent. In mammals, only the zygote and subsequent blastomeres are totipotent, while in plants many differentiated cells can become totipotent with simple laboratory techniques. In cytopathology, the level of cellular differentiation is used as a measure of cancer progression. ""Grade"" is a marker of how differentiated a cell in a tumor is.