The Arabidopsis repressor of light signaling SPA1
... showing that the direct substrate of the COP1/SPA complex, CONSTANS, also acts in the phloem. Taken together, our results highlight the importance of phloem vascular tissue in coordinating growth and development. Because the SPA1 protein itself is incapable of moving from cell to cell, we suggest th ...
... showing that the direct substrate of the COP1/SPA complex, CONSTANS, also acts in the phloem. Taken together, our results highlight the importance of phloem vascular tissue in coordinating growth and development. Because the SPA1 protein itself is incapable of moving from cell to cell, we suggest th ...
prenatal development of exocrine pancreas in crossbred
... mesenchyme as well as by branching of large ductules. The pancreas of human embryos at nine weeks of age also showed a similar structure [10]. The pancreas of 60 days-old buffalo foetuses contained cell clusters and ductules, both surrounded by an abundant mesenchymal mass [11]. However, the pancrea ...
... mesenchyme as well as by branching of large ductules. The pancreas of human embryos at nine weeks of age also showed a similar structure [10]. The pancreas of 60 days-old buffalo foetuses contained cell clusters and ductules, both surrounded by an abundant mesenchymal mass [11]. However, the pancrea ...
Mercuric Conjugates of Cysteine Are Transported by the Amino Acid
... with 1% SDS in 0.2 N NaOH, and the radioactivity in the cells was determined by liquid scintillation counting. To fully characterize the transport processes in MDCK II cells, the uptake of 35S cystine or Hg2⫹, as a conjugate of cysteine (Cys-S-HgS-Cys), was measured under various conditions. Cys-S-2 ...
... with 1% SDS in 0.2 N NaOH, and the radioactivity in the cells was determined by liquid scintillation counting. To fully characterize the transport processes in MDCK II cells, the uptake of 35S cystine or Hg2⫹, as a conjugate of cysteine (Cys-S-HgS-Cys), was measured under various conditions. Cys-S-2 ...
Development of angiosperm seed is a complex process
... TT16, TTG1, TTG2). TT8 and TT2 are endothelial specific regulatory proteins (bHLH and MYB respectively) that are necessary for PA biosynthesis. These two genes act, at least in part, by directly regulating transcription of flavanoid biosynthetic genes like TT3, LDOX and BAN three to four days follow ...
... TT16, TTG1, TTG2). TT8 and TT2 are endothelial specific regulatory proteins (bHLH and MYB respectively) that are necessary for PA biosynthesis. These two genes act, at least in part, by directly regulating transcription of flavanoid biosynthetic genes like TT3, LDOX and BAN three to four days follow ...
![[Project Name] Post](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/008286191_1-c0b655ecf6591e81b84cc5085ebe3e92-300x300.png)
The putative phosphatase All1758 is necessary for normal growth
... (All4496) both encode putative two-component system sensory histidine kinases that appear to be involved in the induction of hepA, one of the genes responsible for synthesis of the heterocyst polysaccharide layer (Ning & Xu, 2004; Ramı́rez et al., 2005; Xu et al., 2003). The manganese-dependent seri ...
... (All4496) both encode putative two-component system sensory histidine kinases that appear to be involved in the induction of hepA, one of the genes responsible for synthesis of the heterocyst polysaccharide layer (Ning & Xu, 2004; Ramı́rez et al., 2005; Xu et al., 2003). The manganese-dependent seri ...
Therapies for sarcopenia and regeneration of old skeletal muscles
... In contrast, a series of complex studies using parabiosis to conjoin the blood supply of young (2–3 mo) and old (19–26 mo) C57Bl/6J mice, followed by freeze injury, in conjunction with extensive tissue culture studies,20,21 concluded that myogenic stem cell activity is significantly impaired in old ...
... In contrast, a series of complex studies using parabiosis to conjoin the blood supply of young (2–3 mo) and old (19–26 mo) C57Bl/6J mice, followed by freeze injury, in conjunction with extensive tissue culture studies,20,21 concluded that myogenic stem cell activity is significantly impaired in old ...
Microalgae Synthesize Hydrocarbons from Long
... is identified as the major hydrocarbon produced, and we demonstrate that its synthesis depends strictly on light and uses cis-vaccenic acid as a precursor. We also show the presence of C15 to C17 alka(e)nes in Nannochloropsis sp., a model microalga from the red lineage. Absence of homologs to known h ...
... is identified as the major hydrocarbon produced, and we demonstrate that its synthesis depends strictly on light and uses cis-vaccenic acid as a precursor. We also show the presence of C15 to C17 alka(e)nes in Nannochloropsis sp., a model microalga from the red lineage. Absence of homologs to known h ...
REFLECTIONS
... farnesylation was blocked, K-Ras became an alternative substrate for another enzyme that we characterized, namely geranylgeranyltransferase (now known as GGTase I) (Ref. 41; see below). Realizing that it would be difficult to prevent all prenylation of K-Ras, we reluctantly gave up our quest to cure ...
... farnesylation was blocked, K-Ras became an alternative substrate for another enzyme that we characterized, namely geranylgeranyltransferase (now known as GGTase I) (Ref. 41; see below). Realizing that it would be difficult to prevent all prenylation of K-Ras, we reluctantly gave up our quest to cure ...
Comparison of an immortalized human corneal epithelial cell line
... this technique has been found to be low [6]. The reasons for this low sensitivity, especially for the isolation of HSV1 from corneal scrapings, may be attributed to the sensitivity of the cell line used and the small volume of the specimen available. A number of cell lines are currently being used f ...
... this technique has been found to be low [6]. The reasons for this low sensitivity, especially for the isolation of HSV1 from corneal scrapings, may be attributed to the sensitivity of the cell line used and the small volume of the specimen available. A number of cell lines are currently being used f ...
chapt 4
... If the lysosome breaks open, these enzymes will inactivate and will not damage the cell. Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. ...
... If the lysosome breaks open, these enzymes will inactivate and will not damage the cell. Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. ...
- Mochtar Riady Institute
... HLA-DR and CD11c were then used for further MDDC characterization. In the presence of 0.091 µM D2-AFP or D3-AFP, MDDC culture failed to up-regulate HLADR. In contrast, 0.091 µM D1-AFP treated MDDC culture showed high level of HLADR expression. The effect of D2-AFP and D3-AFP on the expression of HLA ...
... HLA-DR and CD11c were then used for further MDDC characterization. In the presence of 0.091 µM D2-AFP or D3-AFP, MDDC culture failed to up-regulate HLADR. In contrast, 0.091 µM D1-AFP treated MDDC culture showed high level of HLADR expression. The effect of D2-AFP and D3-AFP on the expression of HLA ...
The Drosophila wing differentiation factor Vestigial
... translocation of the dimer to the nucleus, where it acts as a functional transcription factor.12–14 In fact, in the heterodimer, SD contains the transcription enhancer activator (TEA) DNA binding domain, while VG provides the transcriptional activation domain.10,12,14 It has been shown that ectopic ...
... translocation of the dimer to the nucleus, where it acts as a functional transcription factor.12–14 In fact, in the heterodimer, SD contains the transcription enhancer activator (TEA) DNA binding domain, while VG provides the transcriptional activation domain.10,12,14 It has been shown that ectopic ...
Pavement cell chloroplast behaviour and interactions with other
... established that they were not always located in the same position with regard to the upper cell boundary. While observations taken after an eight-hour dark period showed up to 90% of the PCC located near the upper surface (Fig. 1C), they were localized mainly near the lower surface of the cell if t ...
... established that they were not always located in the same position with regard to the upper cell boundary. While observations taken after an eight-hour dark period showed up to 90% of the PCC located near the upper surface (Fig. 1C), they were localized mainly near the lower surface of the cell if t ...
Facultad de Ciencias Tráfico de células dendríticas a través
... that is responsible for the normal maintenance of fluid balance in tissue. Besides, it is devoted to the transport of fat from the gut and of immune cells from tissues to the lymph nodes. Up to 50% of the protein that extravasates from blood vessels cannot be directly reabsorbed by these capillaries ...
... that is responsible for the normal maintenance of fluid balance in tissue. Besides, it is devoted to the transport of fat from the gut and of immune cells from tissues to the lymph nodes. Up to 50% of the protein that extravasates from blood vessels cannot be directly reabsorbed by these capillaries ...
Enrichment of Electrochemically Active Bacteria Using a Three
... essentially insoluble in water at neutral pH, physical and direct contact between the bacterial cell and Fe(III) minerals is required for anaerobic respiration [8, 9, 22, 23, 25, 28]. Several studies also showed that a water-insoluble terminal electron acceptor for the anaerobic respiration of bacte ...
... essentially insoluble in water at neutral pH, physical and direct contact between the bacterial cell and Fe(III) minerals is required for anaerobic respiration [8, 9, 22, 23, 25, 28]. Several studies also showed that a water-insoluble terminal electron acceptor for the anaerobic respiration of bacte ...
Secondary embryonic axis formation by
... ectoderm, which is derived from 2d11 (Nakamoto et al., 2000). Secondary axis formation by transplantation of 2d and 4d The ablation/restoration experiment shows that the D quadrant micromeres 2d11 and 4d are essential for embryonic axis formation, but it does not necessarily verify a long-held view ...
... ectoderm, which is derived from 2d11 (Nakamoto et al., 2000). Secondary axis formation by transplantation of 2d and 4d The ablation/restoration experiment shows that the D quadrant micromeres 2d11 and 4d are essential for embryonic axis formation, but it does not necessarily verify a long-held view ...
Translocation of Magnaporthe oryzae Effectors into
... extrainvasive hyphal membrane. Using live-cell imaging, we identified a highly localized structure, the biotrophic interfacial complex (BIC), which accumulates fluorescently labeled effectors secreted by IH. In each newly entered rice cell, effectors were first secreted into BICs at the tips of the ...
... extrainvasive hyphal membrane. Using live-cell imaging, we identified a highly localized structure, the biotrophic interfacial complex (BIC), which accumulates fluorescently labeled effectors secreted by IH. In each newly entered rice cell, effectors were first secreted into BICs at the tips of the ...
Extracellular matrix
In biology, the extracellular matrix (ECM) is a collection of extracellular molecules secreted by cells that provides structural and biochemical support to the surrounding cells. Because multicellularity evolved independently in different multicellular lineages, the composition of ECM varies between multicellular structures; however, cell adhesion, cell-to-cell communication and differentiation are common functions of the ECM.The animal extracellular matrix includes the interstitial matrix and the basement membrane. Interstitial matrix is present between various animal cells (i.e., in the intercellular spaces). Gels of polysaccharides and fibrous proteins fill the interstitial space and act as a compression buffer against the stress placed on the ECM. Basement membranes are sheet-like depositions of ECM on which various epithelial cells rest.The plant ECM includes cell wall components, like cellulose, in addition to more complex signaling molecules. Some single-celled organisms adopt multicelluar biofilms in which the cells are embedded in an ECM composed primarily of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS).