Muscle Injury and the Role of Myosatellite Cells in Muscle Healing
... aged muscle tissue (Bentzinger 2010). Even though the current research provides evidence of successful engraftment of satellite cells, the number of regenerating cells remains well below the level required to have a positive effect on diseases such as muscular dystrophy. To have an impact on a disea ...
... aged muscle tissue (Bentzinger 2010). Even though the current research provides evidence of successful engraftment of satellite cells, the number of regenerating cells remains well below the level required to have a positive effect on diseases such as muscular dystrophy. To have an impact on a disea ...
Studies on Plant Cell and Tissue Culture: Ⅳ. Effect of para
... namely the PFP not only hinders the growth of diploid but also haploid callus tissues. In other words, even haploid calluses are not freed from the considerable suppression of their growth at increasing concentrations of PFP, although the haploid calluses are less damaged than the diploid calluses. ...
... namely the PFP not only hinders the growth of diploid but also haploid callus tissues. In other words, even haploid calluses are not freed from the considerable suppression of their growth at increasing concentrations of PFP, although the haploid calluses are less damaged than the diploid calluses. ...
Cell cycle–dependent phosphorylation of Sec4p controls membrane
... can also be controlled by the phosphorylation status of Sec4p. This suggests that additional cellular pathways may impinge upon membrane trafficking through Sec4p effector protein recruitment, independent of its nucleotide-bound state. Indeed, the nutrient-starvation phenotype and sensitivity to rap ...
... can also be controlled by the phosphorylation status of Sec4p. This suggests that additional cellular pathways may impinge upon membrane trafficking through Sec4p effector protein recruitment, independent of its nucleotide-bound state. Indeed, the nutrient-starvation phenotype and sensitivity to rap ...
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... The FSC contributes to formation of its own niche through secretion of the extracellular matrix (ECM) protein Laminin A (LanA), which anchors the FSC to the 2a/2b border and controls FSC proliferation through its function as an integrin ligand (O’Reilly et al., 2008). DECadherin functions to maintai ...
... The FSC contributes to formation of its own niche through secretion of the extracellular matrix (ECM) protein Laminin A (LanA), which anchors the FSC to the 2a/2b border and controls FSC proliferation through its function as an integrin ligand (O’Reilly et al., 2008). DECadherin functions to maintai ...
Intracellular marking of physiologically characterized cells in the
... The intracellular recording and injection techniques were similar to those developed in this laboratory for auditory nerve experiments (Liberman, ’82a,b). Micropipettes were pulled on a Brown and Flaming (’77) microelectrode horizontal puller. The micropipettes were then filled with a 10% solution o ...
... The intracellular recording and injection techniques were similar to those developed in this laboratory for auditory nerve experiments (Liberman, ’82a,b). Micropipettes were pulled on a Brown and Flaming (’77) microelectrode horizontal puller. The micropipettes were then filled with a 10% solution o ...
Mice lacking the homeodomain transcription factor
... and later is produced in all adult islet cells (Ahlgren et al., 1997). Isl1 null mutants have an early block in the differentiation of the endocrine pancreas. Two additional transcription factors, Pax4 and Pax6, also appear to function in determining endocrine cell fate. A null mutation in either ge ...
... and later is produced in all adult islet cells (Ahlgren et al., 1997). Isl1 null mutants have an early block in the differentiation of the endocrine pancreas. Two additional transcription factors, Pax4 and Pax6, also appear to function in determining endocrine cell fate. A null mutation in either ge ...
Sarcomere assembly in C. elegans muscle
... bodies contain cytoskeletal adaptor proteins such as vinculin, alpha-actinin, talin, PINCH, MIG-2, integrin linked kinase (ILK), and actopaxin, which complete the linkage between the cytoplasmic domain of integrin and actin filaments (see Figure 2; Francis and Waterston, 1985; Barstead and Waterston ...
... bodies contain cytoskeletal adaptor proteins such as vinculin, alpha-actinin, talin, PINCH, MIG-2, integrin linked kinase (ILK), and actopaxin, which complete the linkage between the cytoplasmic domain of integrin and actin filaments (see Figure 2; Francis and Waterston, 1985; Barstead and Waterston ...
A Novel Recombinant Plasma Membrane
... blocked by pretreatment with oxidized ATP (oATP), a powerful and irreversible blocker of the P2X7R (Murgia et al., 1993). To rule out a possible inhibitory effect of oATP on the luciferase itself, we also performed a calibration in the presence and absence of this inhibitor, showing that the ATPdepe ...
... blocked by pretreatment with oxidized ATP (oATP), a powerful and irreversible blocker of the P2X7R (Murgia et al., 1993). To rule out a possible inhibitory effect of oATP on the luciferase itself, we also performed a calibration in the presence and absence of this inhibitor, showing that the ATPdepe ...
Functional characterization of cohesin subunit SCC1 in
... nuclei (N) were used to stage cells within the cell cycle and 5-bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation was used as an additional marker for S-phase. Nearly all trypanosomes in G1 (1K1N) showed no SCC1 labelling and no BrdU incorporation (Fig. 2A). Low levels of SCC1 were detected in some 1K1N cells ...
... nuclei (N) were used to stage cells within the cell cycle and 5-bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation was used as an additional marker for S-phase. Nearly all trypanosomes in G1 (1K1N) showed no SCC1 labelling and no BrdU incorporation (Fig. 2A). Low levels of SCC1 were detected in some 1K1N cells ...
Prion Protein Binds to Aldolase A Produced by Bovine Intestinal M
... How to cite this paper: Nagasawa, Y., et al. (2015) Prion Protein Binds to Aldolase A Produced by Bovine Intestinal M Cells. Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 5, 43-60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojvm.2015.53007 ...
... How to cite this paper: Nagasawa, Y., et al. (2015) Prion Protein Binds to Aldolase A Produced by Bovine Intestinal M Cells. Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 5, 43-60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojvm.2015.53007 ...
Plant Cytokinesis Is Orchestrated by the Sequential Action of the
... principle luminal polysaccharide is callose (Samuels et al., 1995; Seguı́-Simarro et al., 2004). The abundance of other cell wall polysaccharides, including pectins and xyloglucans, also differs between cell plates and cross walls (Moore and Staehelin, 1988). Although it is apparent that the composi ...
... principle luminal polysaccharide is callose (Samuels et al., 1995; Seguı́-Simarro et al., 2004). The abundance of other cell wall polysaccharides, including pectins and xyloglucans, also differs between cell plates and cross walls (Moore and Staehelin, 1988). Although it is apparent that the composi ...
Germline stem cell niches
... GSCs, which contain an organelle known as the spectrosome, are surrounded by two types of somatic cells, cap cells and escort stem cells (ESCs; Kirilly and Xie, 2007; Lin, 2002; Xie and Spradling, 2001; see Figure 2A). Normally, a GSC divides to generate a self-renewing stem cell that stays in assoc ...
... GSCs, which contain an organelle known as the spectrosome, are surrounded by two types of somatic cells, cap cells and escort stem cells (ESCs; Kirilly and Xie, 2007; Lin, 2002; Xie and Spradling, 2001; see Figure 2A). Normally, a GSC divides to generate a self-renewing stem cell that stays in assoc ...
Embryonic stem cells assume a primitive neural stem cell fate in the
... instructive or inhibitory signals and what cellular configuration/ fate will result. The standard methodology for the in vitro differentiation of ES cells typically involves the formation of embryoid bodies (EBs; Desbaillets et al., 2000), which are formed by aggregation of ES cells in the presence ...
... instructive or inhibitory signals and what cellular configuration/ fate will result. The standard methodology for the in vitro differentiation of ES cells typically involves the formation of embryoid bodies (EBs; Desbaillets et al., 2000), which are formed by aggregation of ES cells in the presence ...
Localization and characterization of major histocompatibility
... been some evidence that these cells may present antigen in vitro. However, class II expression by nonprofessional APC has not consistently been associated with antigen presentation and indeed on some occasions has been linked with downregulation of the immune response7 or induction of T cell anergy ...
... been some evidence that these cells may present antigen in vitro. However, class II expression by nonprofessional APC has not consistently been associated with antigen presentation and indeed on some occasions has been linked with downregulation of the immune response7 or induction of T cell anergy ...
Type I Alveolar Epithelial Cells Mount Innate Immune
... Mice were anesthetized by i.p. injection of ketamine (50 mg/kg)/xylazine (5 mg/kg). An angiocatheter was placed down the left bronchus, and mice received intratracheal instillations of 50 ml saline containing 106 CFU ...
... Mice were anesthetized by i.p. injection of ketamine (50 mg/kg)/xylazine (5 mg/kg). An angiocatheter was placed down the left bronchus, and mice received intratracheal instillations of 50 ml saline containing 106 CFU ...
Biofilm formation by staphylococci and streptococci: structural
... pathogens that cause a variety of infections in human and animals. Biofilm formation is an important survival strategy adopted by these Gram-positive cocci. Biofilms are surface-associated, specialized multicellular bacterial communities embedded in a self-produced matrix of polysaccharides, protein ...
... pathogens that cause a variety of infections in human and animals. Biofilm formation is an important survival strategy adopted by these Gram-positive cocci. Biofilms are surface-associated, specialized multicellular bacterial communities embedded in a self-produced matrix of polysaccharides, protein ...
MyRIP, a novel Rab effector, enables myosin VIIa recruitment to
... Specific antibodies were generated against MyRIP (see Methods) and were used to analyse the distribution of the protein on mouse tissue sections. MyRIP was detected in a variety of tissues, including brain, skin, heart, adrenal medulla, pancreas, intestine, liver, kidney, muscle and testis (data not ...
... Specific antibodies were generated against MyRIP (see Methods) and were used to analyse the distribution of the protein on mouse tissue sections. MyRIP was detected in a variety of tissues, including brain, skin, heart, adrenal medulla, pancreas, intestine, liver, kidney, muscle and testis (data not ...
Extracellular matrix
In biology, the extracellular matrix (ECM) is a collection of extracellular molecules secreted by cells that provides structural and biochemical support to the surrounding cells. Because multicellularity evolved independently in different multicellular lineages, the composition of ECM varies between multicellular structures; however, cell adhesion, cell-to-cell communication and differentiation are common functions of the ECM.The animal extracellular matrix includes the interstitial matrix and the basement membrane. Interstitial matrix is present between various animal cells (i.e., in the intercellular spaces). Gels of polysaccharides and fibrous proteins fill the interstitial space and act as a compression buffer against the stress placed on the ECM. Basement membranes are sheet-like depositions of ECM on which various epithelial cells rest.The plant ECM includes cell wall components, like cellulose, in addition to more complex signaling molecules. Some single-celled organisms adopt multicelluar biofilms in which the cells are embedded in an ECM composed primarily of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS).