Staphylococcus aureus-induced G2/M phase transition delay
... Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. * E-mail: nadia.berkova@rennes.inra.fr . These authors contributed equally to this work. ...
... Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. * E-mail: nadia.berkova@rennes.inra.fr . These authors contributed equally to this work. ...
Overexpression of Ferredoxin, PETF, Enhances Tolerance to Heat
... were compared with those of the Cblp transcripts, and were normalized according to the value of CC125 under normal growth conditions; (D) Ratios of reduced ascorbate in Chlamydomonas cellular extract under normal growth conditions. The contents of ascorbate in the late-log phase cell cultures were m ...
... were compared with those of the Cblp transcripts, and were normalized according to the value of CC125 under normal growth conditions; (D) Ratios of reduced ascorbate in Chlamydomonas cellular extract under normal growth conditions. The contents of ascorbate in the late-log phase cell cultures were m ...
İneklerde Furstenberg Rozeti Üzerinde Histolojik ve
... in density of defense cells in this region is observed in early dry period 7,8. Mucosal lymphoid tissues form contact region with antigens and act production of antibody against antigens 15. These lymphoid tissues consist of solitary or aggregate lymphoid follicles and specialized epithelium coverin ...
... in density of defense cells in this region is observed in early dry period 7,8. Mucosal lymphoid tissues form contact region with antigens and act production of antibody against antigens 15. These lymphoid tissues consist of solitary or aggregate lymphoid follicles and specialized epithelium coverin ...
Cellular Adaptation to Injury
... Apoptosis 1. Stimulus of apoptosis. (Death ligands, lack of growth factors or hormones, Injury). 2. Regulatory cytoplasmic proteins. (BCL-2 family) (Some promote some inhibit apoptosis) 3. Execution caspases. (Activate endonucleases and proteinases). 4. Formation of Apoptotic Bodies. (contain organ ...
... Apoptosis 1. Stimulus of apoptosis. (Death ligands, lack of growth factors or hormones, Injury). 2. Regulatory cytoplasmic proteins. (BCL-2 family) (Some promote some inhibit apoptosis) 3. Execution caspases. (Activate endonucleases and proteinases). 4. Formation of Apoptotic Bodies. (contain organ ...
Cardiac muscle
... Muscle tissue is a soft tissue that makes up muscles present in animals. The term muscle is derived from the Latin word musculus meaning little mouse perhaps because of the shape of certain muscles or because contracting muscles look like mice moving under the skin. It is a type of tissue made up of ...
... Muscle tissue is a soft tissue that makes up muscles present in animals. The term muscle is derived from the Latin word musculus meaning little mouse perhaps because of the shape of certain muscles or because contracting muscles look like mice moving under the skin. It is a type of tissue made up of ...
How many embryonic tissues do sponges have
... tissue layers; symmetry: radial; type. ( ganglia), two ventral nerve cords; excretion: excretory organs in many species.. . Other features: benthic sea squirts have a barrelshaped body, with incoming and outgoing . Of the many phyla of multicellular animals, one is most often separated by biologists ...
... tissue layers; symmetry: radial; type. ( ganglia), two ventral nerve cords; excretion: excretory organs in many species.. . Other features: benthic sea squirts have a barrelshaped body, with incoming and outgoing . Of the many phyla of multicellular animals, one is most often separated by biologists ...
microcircuitry of bipolar cells in cat retina1
... micrographstaken within a small region of a singleretina. The patterns of synaptic contact formed by bipolar neurons of specific morphology and cytology were studied quantitatively. The associationswe observedamongmorphology, cytology, and synaptic patterns permitted us to sort the group of 15 neuro ...
... micrographstaken within a small region of a singleretina. The patterns of synaptic contact formed by bipolar neurons of specific morphology and cytology were studied quantitatively. The associationswe observedamongmorphology, cytology, and synaptic patterns permitted us to sort the group of 15 neuro ...
Suppression by Filarial Parasites Not IL
... profound proliferative suppression was still observed. This demonstrated that suppression was an active process and not due to an absence of costimulatory molecules or reduced numbers of effective APC. Moreover, while suppression could be transferred with supernatants from cultured PEC, this was not ...
... profound proliferative suppression was still observed. This demonstrated that suppression was an active process and not due to an absence of costimulatory molecules or reduced numbers of effective APC. Moreover, while suppression could be transferred with supernatants from cultured PEC, this was not ...
Biology I Framework Competencies
... Importance of ions in biological processes b. Develop a logical argument defending water as an essential component of living systems (e.g., unique bonding and properties including polarity, high specific heat, surface tension, hydrogen bonding, adhesion, cohesion, and expansion upon freezing). (DOK ...
... Importance of ions in biological processes b. Develop a logical argument defending water as an essential component of living systems (e.g., unique bonding and properties including polarity, high specific heat, surface tension, hydrogen bonding, adhesion, cohesion, and expansion upon freezing). (DOK ...
Discs large 5, an Essential Gene in Drosophila, Regulates Egg
... uncovers dlg5. We obtained a total of 59 y w excision chromosomes, of which 47 were viable over Df(2L)BSC242, indicating that the lethality observed on the original chromosome was due to the P-element insertion. Twelve lines were confirmed to be lethal over Df(2L) BSC242. Homozygotes and hemizygotes ...
... uncovers dlg5. We obtained a total of 59 y w excision chromosomes, of which 47 were viable over Df(2L)BSC242, indicating that the lethality observed on the original chromosome was due to the P-element insertion. Twelve lines were confirmed to be lethal over Df(2L) BSC242. Homozygotes and hemizygotes ...
BIOLOGY I - one credit - COMPETENCIES AND OBJECTIVES
... 1. Apply inquiry-based and problem-solving processes and skills to scientific investigations. a. Conduct a scientific investigation demonstrating safe procedures and proper care of laboratory equipment. (DOK 2) Safety rules and symbols Proper use and care of the compound light microscope, slides ...
... 1. Apply inquiry-based and problem-solving processes and skills to scientific investigations. a. Conduct a scientific investigation demonstrating safe procedures and proper care of laboratory equipment. (DOK 2) Safety rules and symbols Proper use and care of the compound light microscope, slides ...
Interferon-α (IFN-α) suppresses HTLV-1 gene
... such severe clinical outcomes, levels of HTLV-1 gene expression are thought to be very low in vivo. HTLV-1 mRNA, but not proteins, are detectable in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of HTLV-1-infected individuals [6]. Although undetectable, a low level of HTLV-1 proteins must be present in ...
... such severe clinical outcomes, levels of HTLV-1 gene expression are thought to be very low in vivo. HTLV-1 mRNA, but not proteins, are detectable in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of HTLV-1-infected individuals [6]. Although undetectable, a low level of HTLV-1 proteins must be present in ...
Sperm entry is sufficient to trigger division of the
... estimated that 70% of sperm cells of cdka;1 pollen express HTR10 at levels lower than those of wild type (Table 1; Fig. 1F). We thus investigated whether the level of expression of another component of sperm cell chromatin was affected by cdka;1. We studied the expression of CENTROMERIC HISTONE 3 (C ...
... estimated that 70% of sperm cells of cdka;1 pollen express HTR10 at levels lower than those of wild type (Table 1; Fig. 1F). We thus investigated whether the level of expression of another component of sperm cell chromatin was affected by cdka;1. We studied the expression of CENTROMERIC HISTONE 3 (C ...
Phloem imaging - Oxford Academic
... freezing approach with subsequent freeze-substitution in fixative was used for the small plant Arabidopsis thaliana (Anstead et al., 2012). In this experiment, phloem cells appeared to be very well preserved and sieve pores were mostly unobstructed (Fig. 1A). However, this method has only worked for ...
... freezing approach with subsequent freeze-substitution in fixative was used for the small plant Arabidopsis thaliana (Anstead et al., 2012). In this experiment, phloem cells appeared to be very well preserved and sieve pores were mostly unobstructed (Fig. 1A). However, this method has only worked for ...
Localization of Green Fluorescent Protein Fusions
... approaches. Highly purified pea CCVs contained abundant BP-80 (Kirsch et al., 1994). Immunocytochemical electron microscope (immunoEM) studies with specific antibodies also localized BP-80 and its Arabidopsis homolog, AtELP, to both Golgi and a putative PVC in root-tip cells of pea and Arabidopsis, ...
... approaches. Highly purified pea CCVs contained abundant BP-80 (Kirsch et al., 1994). Immunocytochemical electron microscope (immunoEM) studies with specific antibodies also localized BP-80 and its Arabidopsis homolog, AtELP, to both Golgi and a putative PVC in root-tip cells of pea and Arabidopsis, ...
Programmed cell death in C. elegans: the genetic framework
... normal cells, since ced-3 mutants are superficially indistinguishable from wild-type animals and do not show obvious morphological or behavioral abnormalities (18). However, subtle defects such as slow growth, slightly reduced brood size, and impaired chemotaxis response have been observed with ced ...
... normal cells, since ced-3 mutants are superficially indistinguishable from wild-type animals and do not show obvious morphological or behavioral abnormalities (18). However, subtle defects such as slow growth, slightly reduced brood size, and impaired chemotaxis response have been observed with ced ...
3 Ultradian Growth Oscillations in Organs: Physiological Signal or
... all plant organs circumnutate is to assert that the large and regular movements of the French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) stem (Millet and Koukkari 1990) are the same as the tiny and erratic ones of a grass rhizome (Fisher 1964). To be prudent, we should learn more about the mechanism of each type of ...
... all plant organs circumnutate is to assert that the large and regular movements of the French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) stem (Millet and Koukkari 1990) are the same as the tiny and erratic ones of a grass rhizome (Fisher 1964). To be prudent, we should learn more about the mechanism of each type of ...
Actin-dependent vacuolar occupancy of the cell determines auxin
... ctin filaments and its myosin motor proteins control a multitude of diverse cellular processes in animal cells, such as muscle contraction, cell motility, as well as vesicle and organelle movements (1). In animals, actin has a strong impact on the regulation of cellular shape and thus on cell size ( ...
... ctin filaments and its myosin motor proteins control a multitude of diverse cellular processes in animal cells, such as muscle contraction, cell motility, as well as vesicle and organelle movements (1). In animals, actin has a strong impact on the regulation of cellular shape and thus on cell size ( ...
ABSTRACT SUSTAINED DELIVERY AND PHARMACODYNAMICS OF AN INTEGRIN
... And in part III, the pharmacodynamics of EMD478761 was studied to reveal the mechanisms by which EMD478761 inhibited angiogenesis. Results from in vivo CAM assay and CNV rat model demonstrated that EMD478761 inhibited and regressed basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-induced angiogenesis, and supp ...
... And in part III, the pharmacodynamics of EMD478761 was studied to reveal the mechanisms by which EMD478761 inhibited angiogenesis. Results from in vivo CAM assay and CNV rat model demonstrated that EMD478761 inhibited and regressed basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-induced angiogenesis, and supp ...
Control of cell cycle transcription during G1 and S phases
... cription in oncogenesis23–28. E2F family members are generally associated with either transcriptional activation (E2F1, E2F2 and E2F3A) or repression (E2F3B, E2F4, E2F5, E2F6, E2F7 and E2F8). However, recent findings revealed a more complex scenario in which activator E2F proteins can act as repress ...
... cription in oncogenesis23–28. E2F family members are generally associated with either transcriptional activation (E2F1, E2F2 and E2F3A) or repression (E2F3B, E2F4, E2F5, E2F6, E2F7 and E2F8). However, recent findings revealed a more complex scenario in which activator E2F proteins can act as repress ...
The Putative Arabidopsis Arp2/3 Complex
... al., 2002). Diffuse F-actin is also associated with the expanding parts of diffusely growing cells (Fu et al., 2002). The formation of both types of diffuse F-actin is dependent upon the Rho related GTPase from plant (ROP) subfamily of Rho GTPases, the plant relative of animal Rac/Cdc42 subfamilies ...
... al., 2002). Diffuse F-actin is also associated with the expanding parts of diffusely growing cells (Fu et al., 2002). The formation of both types of diffuse F-actin is dependent upon the Rho related GTPase from plant (ROP) subfamily of Rho GTPases, the plant relative of animal Rac/Cdc42 subfamilies ...
"Molecular Motors in Plant Cells". In: Molecular Motors
... Molecular motors regulate diverse cellular functions including the organization and dynamics of microtubule (MT) and actin cytoskeleton, cytoplasmic streaming, cell polarity, cell growth, morphogenesis, chromosome segregation and transport of vesicles, organelles and macromolecular complexes. In euk ...
... Molecular motors regulate diverse cellular functions including the organization and dynamics of microtubule (MT) and actin cytoskeleton, cytoplasmic streaming, cell polarity, cell growth, morphogenesis, chromosome segregation and transport of vesicles, organelles and macromolecular complexes. In euk ...
Extracellular matrix
In biology, the extracellular matrix (ECM) is a collection of extracellular molecules secreted by cells that provides structural and biochemical support to the surrounding cells. Because multicellularity evolved independently in different multicellular lineages, the composition of ECM varies between multicellular structures; however, cell adhesion, cell-to-cell communication and differentiation are common functions of the ECM.The animal extracellular matrix includes the interstitial matrix and the basement membrane. Interstitial matrix is present between various animal cells (i.e., in the intercellular spaces). Gels of polysaccharides and fibrous proteins fill the interstitial space and act as a compression buffer against the stress placed on the ECM. Basement membranes are sheet-like depositions of ECM on which various epithelial cells rest.The plant ECM includes cell wall components, like cellulose, in addition to more complex signaling molecules. Some single-celled organisms adopt multicelluar biofilms in which the cells are embedded in an ECM composed primarily of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS).