FAK suppresses Rho activity to promote focal adhesion turnover
... 3A). These results show that Rho activity correlated inversely with focal adhesion turnover, with high turnover in cells that had low Rho activity and vice versa. The data also show that the unusual central focal adhesions in FAK−/− cells are a consequence of the reduced turnover. Effects of activat ...
... 3A). These results show that Rho activity correlated inversely with focal adhesion turnover, with high turnover in cells that had low Rho activity and vice versa. The data also show that the unusual central focal adhesions in FAK−/− cells are a consequence of the reduced turnover. Effects of activat ...
Control of cell cycle transcription during G1 and S phases
... cription in oncogenesis23–28. E2F family members are generally associated with either transcriptional activation (E2F1, E2F2 and E2F3A) or repression (E2F3B, E2F4, E2F5, E2F6, E2F7 and E2F8). However, recent findings revealed a more complex scenario in which activator E2F proteins can act as repress ...
... cription in oncogenesis23–28. E2F family members are generally associated with either transcriptional activation (E2F1, E2F2 and E2F3A) or repression (E2F3B, E2F4, E2F5, E2F6, E2F7 and E2F8). However, recent findings revealed a more complex scenario in which activator E2F proteins can act as repress ...
The Drosophila centriole – conversion of
... among them by their reciprocal position. In images showing the mother centriole in cross section, the daughter centriole was always visible in a longitudinal orientation (Fig. 2E–G), whereas images showing cross sections of the daughter never contained the mother centriole (Fig. 2H,I). This is becau ...
... among them by their reciprocal position. In images showing the mother centriole in cross section, the daughter centriole was always visible in a longitudinal orientation (Fig. 2E–G), whereas images showing cross sections of the daughter never contained the mother centriole (Fig. 2H,I). This is becau ...
The allocation of early blastomeres to the ectoderm and endoderm
... prospective archenteron may be regulated by signaling across the sixth equatorial cleavage plane that separates the veg1 and veg2 tiers. The cleavage boundary between the veg1 tier and the mesomeres may also be an important interface for cell-cell signaling because mesomeres appear to possess an inh ...
... prospective archenteron may be regulated by signaling across the sixth equatorial cleavage plane that separates the veg1 and veg2 tiers. The cleavage boundary between the veg1 tier and the mesomeres may also be an important interface for cell-cell signaling because mesomeres appear to possess an inh ...
Year 10 Biology GCSE Objectives
... eukaryotic cells do. I can use orders of magnitude to correctly order objects according to size. ...
... eukaryotic cells do. I can use orders of magnitude to correctly order objects according to size. ...
Translocation and Clustering of Endosomes and
... Movement of fluorescently labeled organelles was visualized in vivo by VEFM. The following combinations of filter sets were used for fluorescence microscopy: the N2.1 filter set for rhodamine (BP 515-560, RKP 580, LP 580) and the L2 filter set for fluorescein ~ P 450-500, RKP 510, BP 515560). To avo ...
... Movement of fluorescently labeled organelles was visualized in vivo by VEFM. The following combinations of filter sets were used for fluorescence microscopy: the N2.1 filter set for rhodamine (BP 515-560, RKP 580, LP 580) and the L2 filter set for fluorescein ~ P 450-500, RKP 510, BP 515560). To avo ...
The linkage between cell wall metabolism and fruit
... from a range of research fields, some of which are outside the traditional ‘wall disassembly leads to fruit softening’ arena. The conventional approach to elucidating fruit softening has typically been based on two strategies: (1) the identification of wall components whose solubility increases and/ ...
... from a range of research fields, some of which are outside the traditional ‘wall disassembly leads to fruit softening’ arena. The conventional approach to elucidating fruit softening has typically been based on two strategies: (1) the identification of wall components whose solubility increases and/ ...
23 Comparative Effects of 5% Formol Saline And 10% Formalin as
... part of histological technique used in preparation of permanent sections. It prevents tissue digestion by enzymes present in cells (autolysis) or by bacteria and preserves the structure and molecular composition of organs after removal from the animal’s body [5]. The basic aim of fixation is to pres ...
... part of histological technique used in preparation of permanent sections. It prevents tissue digestion by enzymes present in cells (autolysis) or by bacteria and preserves the structure and molecular composition of organs after removal from the animal’s body [5]. The basic aim of fixation is to pres ...
November 2012 - An error occurred.
... heartwood from the black locust tree as their inspiration, scientists have discovered a way to improve the performance of softwoods widely used in construction.” Thus begins an article on PhysOrg titled, “Inspiration from Mother Nature leads to improved wood.” It’s not that wood is faulty for trees, ...
... heartwood from the black locust tree as their inspiration, scientists have discovered a way to improve the performance of softwoods widely used in construction.” Thus begins an article on PhysOrg titled, “Inspiration from Mother Nature leads to improved wood.” It’s not that wood is faulty for trees, ...
1 - AState.edu
... The Two Major Categories of Cells • Eukaryotic cells • Only eukaryotic cells have organelles, membraneenclosed structures that perform specific functions. • The most important organelle is the nucleus, which • houses most of a eukaryotic cell’s DNA and • is surrounded by a double membrane. ...
... The Two Major Categories of Cells • Eukaryotic cells • Only eukaryotic cells have organelles, membraneenclosed structures that perform specific functions. • The most important organelle is the nucleus, which • houses most of a eukaryotic cell’s DNA and • is surrounded by a double membrane. ...
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... specifically results in the loss of function of Ago1 (Jin et al., 2004; Kataoka et al., 2001; Williams and Rubin, 2002). To obtain more mutant alleles with different genetic backgrounds for further analysis of Ago1 function in GSCs, we performed EMS and imprecise excision mutagenesis to generate an ...
... specifically results in the loss of function of Ago1 (Jin et al., 2004; Kataoka et al., 2001; Williams and Rubin, 2002). To obtain more mutant alleles with different genetic backgrounds for further analysis of Ago1 function in GSCs, we performed EMS and imprecise excision mutagenesis to generate an ...
IGF signaling directs ventricular cardiomyocyte
... receptor genes in the myocardium, we and others showed that PDGF signaling was not required for embryonic compact zone development or ventricular chamber morphogenesis (Kang et al., 2008; Mellgren et al., 2008). The expression of PDGF-A by EMC cells is appropriate for their derivation from adult atr ...
... receptor genes in the myocardium, we and others showed that PDGF signaling was not required for embryonic compact zone development or ventricular chamber morphogenesis (Kang et al., 2008; Mellgren et al., 2008). The expression of PDGF-A by EMC cells is appropriate for their derivation from adult atr ...
Cell Cycle in the Fucus Zygote Parallels a Somatic Cell
... these checkpoints, and their regulation after checkpoint activation is usually correlated with changes in their phosphorylation status as well as with associations with regulatory molecules such as CDK inhibitors (Lew and Kornbluth, 1996; Rudner and Murray, 1996; Hardwick, 1998). These checkpoints a ...
... these checkpoints, and their regulation after checkpoint activation is usually correlated with changes in their phosphorylation status as well as with associations with regulatory molecules such as CDK inhibitors (Lew and Kornbluth, 1996; Rudner and Murray, 1996; Hardwick, 1998). These checkpoints a ...
Tumor Heterogeneity - Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute
... the suspicion seems unjustified when one considers that most eukaryotic organisms begin as single cells but soon become heterogeneous. Tumors also appear to undergo developmental and differentiative changes, at least some of which result from altered gene expression. Heterogeneity is not a property ...
... the suspicion seems unjustified when one considers that most eukaryotic organisms begin as single cells but soon become heterogeneous. Tumors also appear to undergo developmental and differentiative changes, at least some of which result from altered gene expression. Heterogeneity is not a property ...
Biophys-85_R1
... vesicles, exosomes and membrane-derived microvesicles, containing cytoplasmic proteins, mRNA and microRNA, represent important mediators of cell-to-cell communication and the intercellular microenvironment. However, it is not known whether extracellular vesicles contain ATP as an intercellular messe ...
... vesicles, exosomes and membrane-derived microvesicles, containing cytoplasmic proteins, mRNA and microRNA, represent important mediators of cell-to-cell communication and the intercellular microenvironment. However, it is not known whether extracellular vesicles contain ATP as an intercellular messe ...
Growth Factors
... History: In 1957, researchers observed that susceptible animal cells, if they were exposed to a colonizing virus, immediately became resistant to attack by other viruses. This resistance was induced by a substance secreted by virally infected cells which was named interferon It has been shown th ...
... History: In 1957, researchers observed that susceptible animal cells, if they were exposed to a colonizing virus, immediately became resistant to attack by other viruses. This resistance was induced by a substance secreted by virally infected cells which was named interferon It has been shown th ...
Extracellular matrix
In biology, the extracellular matrix (ECM) is a collection of extracellular molecules secreted by cells that provides structural and biochemical support to the surrounding cells. Because multicellularity evolved independently in different multicellular lineages, the composition of ECM varies between multicellular structures; however, cell adhesion, cell-to-cell communication and differentiation are common functions of the ECM.The animal extracellular matrix includes the interstitial matrix and the basement membrane. Interstitial matrix is present between various animal cells (i.e., in the intercellular spaces). Gels of polysaccharides and fibrous proteins fill the interstitial space and act as a compression buffer against the stress placed on the ECM. Basement membranes are sheet-like depositions of ECM on which various epithelial cells rest.The plant ECM includes cell wall components, like cellulose, in addition to more complex signaling molecules. Some single-celled organisms adopt multicelluar biofilms in which the cells are embedded in an ECM composed primarily of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS).