Individually Addressable Submicron Scale Light
... to 0.9 µm and lengths of several mm. A Ga:In tip controlled by a micrometer was employed as a liftable electrode. Since the Ga:In alloy does not wet the film surface well, it was quite easy to make contact within a radius of a few tens of a micrometer and the tip could be relocated at different area ...
... to 0.9 µm and lengths of several mm. A Ga:In tip controlled by a micrometer was employed as a liftable electrode. Since the Ga:In alloy does not wet the film surface well, it was quite easy to make contact within a radius of a few tens of a micrometer and the tip could be relocated at different area ...
Quasi Light Fields: Extending the Light Field to Coherent Radiation
... field and later generate images focused at different depths, after the picture is taken [2]. In electronic displays, an array of projectors can present multiple viewpoints encoded in the light field, enabling 3D television [3]. Many recent incoherent imaging innovations have been made possible by ex ...
... field and later generate images focused at different depths, after the picture is taken [2]. In electronic displays, an array of projectors can present multiple viewpoints encoded in the light field, enabling 3D television [3]. Many recent incoherent imaging innovations have been made possible by ex ...
C f= s moO moo (8)
... n = 0 or 1 only. Specifically, we can record the interference of u (co,,wy) and a constant off-axis plane wave exp(jwxxo). This will produce a cos coxxofringe pattern, as in holography. When evaluated at wx = 0,the phase of this fringe pattern will be 0 or wr,depending on the polarity of Mpq, and th ...
... n = 0 or 1 only. Specifically, we can record the interference of u (co,,wy) and a constant off-axis plane wave exp(jwxxo). This will produce a cos coxxofringe pattern, as in holography. When evaluated at wx = 0,the phase of this fringe pattern will be 0 or wr,depending on the polarity of Mpq, and th ...
Novel biosensor for detecting Hemoglobin and its oxidation state
... There has been a great deal of interest in sensing using the surface and guided modes of a stratified medium. Usually such sensors make use of the attenuated total reflection dip, which heralds the excitation of the surface/guided mode [13]. The angular or the spectral location of the dip is extreme ...
... There has been a great deal of interest in sensing using the surface and guided modes of a stratified medium. Usually such sensors make use of the attenuated total reflection dip, which heralds the excitation of the surface/guided mode [13]. The angular or the spectral location of the dip is extreme ...
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... We have calculated the contrast of few InSe single layers exfoliated onto SiO2/Si substrates as a function of the illumination wavelength and the SiO2 thickness, in order to determine the optimal imaging conditions for their optical detection. By analogy with graphene and dichalcogenides [S2–S5], th ...
... We have calculated the contrast of few InSe single layers exfoliated onto SiO2/Si substrates as a function of the illumination wavelength and the SiO2 thickness, in order to determine the optimal imaging conditions for their optical detection. By analogy with graphene and dichalcogenides [S2–S5], th ...
Lab 8: Polarization of Light
... retarder; linear polarization is thus converted to elliptical polarization due to the arbitrary phase shift. The phase difference depends on the incident wavelength, the refractive indices (along the two different directhey don’t reduce the intensity of the incident light tions) and the thickness of ...
... retarder; linear polarization is thus converted to elliptical polarization due to the arbitrary phase shift. The phase difference depends on the incident wavelength, the refractive indices (along the two different directhey don’t reduce the intensity of the incident light tions) and the thickness of ...
Michelson Interferometer
... 4. Turn the laser on and adjust the laser beam height using lab jack lifting knob until the beam is approximately parallel with the top of the interferometer and strikes the mirror at the centre. 5. Set the viewing screen opposite of the adjustable mirror M2. Note that the viewing screen should be p ...
... 4. Turn the laser on and adjust the laser beam height using lab jack lifting knob until the beam is approximately parallel with the top of the interferometer and strikes the mirror at the centre. 5. Set the viewing screen opposite of the adjustable mirror M2. Note that the viewing screen should be p ...
Large-Scale Optical-Field Measurements with Geometric Fibre Constructs
... the dark current and hence of the device noise. For films of thickness much smaller than the fiber diameter but equal to a few penetration depths at a given wavelength of illumination, the dark current is drastically reduced while the amount of light absorbed, and so the photo-current, remain nearly ...
... the dark current and hence of the device noise. For films of thickness much smaller than the fiber diameter but equal to a few penetration depths at a given wavelength of illumination, the dark current is drastically reduced while the amount of light absorbed, and so the photo-current, remain nearly ...
amplitude transfer function
... location–dependent: typically we get more blur near the edges of the field (narrower MTF ⇔broader PSF) • This, in addition, means that real–life optical systems are not shift invariant either! • ⇒ the concept of MTF is approximate, near the region where the system is approximately shift invariant (r ...
... location–dependent: typically we get more blur near the edges of the field (narrower MTF ⇔broader PSF) • This, in addition, means that real–life optical systems are not shift invariant either! • ⇒ the concept of MTF is approximate, near the region where the system is approximately shift invariant (r ...
Noise propagation in wave-front sensing with
... The influence of the distance between the two observation planes on the noise propagation must also be studied. Figure 6 presents the total noise variance of the first 21 estimated Zernike coefficients as a function of the amount of defocus between the two observation planes. For the first time to o ...
... The influence of the distance between the two observation planes on the noise propagation must also be studied. Figure 6 presents the total noise variance of the first 21 estimated Zernike coefficients as a function of the amount of defocus between the two observation planes. For the first time to o ...
Multiple bacteria in aortic aneurysms
... In the present study the combination of anaerobic cultivation and electron microscopy enabled detection of multiple bacteria in aortic aneurysms. Electron microscopy was useful for demonstrating bacteria of various sizes and morphologic features, and coaggregating organisms. These findings provide e ...
... In the present study the combination of anaerobic cultivation and electron microscopy enabled detection of multiple bacteria in aortic aneurysms. Electron microscopy was useful for demonstrating bacteria of various sizes and morphologic features, and coaggregating organisms. These findings provide e ...
Chromatic and Monochromatic Aberrations
... Like rays, the wavefront is another way to describe how light travels. The wavefront is a line that joins all the photons that emerge from a common source at any given instant in time. Or, if you think of light as a wave (like ripples when you drop a stone into a puddle), the wavefront is a.line or ...
... Like rays, the wavefront is another way to describe how light travels. The wavefront is a line that joins all the photons that emerge from a common source at any given instant in time. Or, if you think of light as a wave (like ripples when you drop a stone into a puddle), the wavefront is a.line or ...
Document
... Specular reflection creates the appearance of “shininess.” Surfaces with a high specular reflection appear very shiny. Surfaces with a low specular reflection appear matte. ...
... Specular reflection creates the appearance of “shininess.” Surfaces with a high specular reflection appear very shiny. Surfaces with a low specular reflection appear matte. ...
3D–2D–3D photonic crystal heterostructures fabricated by direct
... (Moore’s law). To some extent today’s electronics also escapes into the third dimension by using many layers of interconnection on a 2D chip. Truly 3D electronic chip circuitry, however, is currently not in sight because of prohibitive heat generation and electrical cross talk. For optical circuits, ...
... (Moore’s law). To some extent today’s electronics also escapes into the third dimension by using many layers of interconnection on a 2D chip. Truly 3D electronic chip circuitry, however, is currently not in sight because of prohibitive heat generation and electrical cross talk. For optical circuits, ...
Light Measurement Handbook
... ultraviolet radiation on human skin, which is used to determine UV hazard. The threshold limit value peaks at 270 nm, representing the most dangerous segment of the UV spectrum. The harmful effect at 270 nm is two times greater than at the 254 and 297 nm mercury lines, and 9000 times greater than at ...
... ultraviolet radiation on human skin, which is used to determine UV hazard. The threshold limit value peaks at 270 nm, representing the most dangerous segment of the UV spectrum. The harmful effect at 270 nm is two times greater than at the 254 and 297 nm mercury lines, and 9000 times greater than at ...
Michelson Interferometer
... small amount ∆λ, such as the orange-yellow sodium D lines, there will be two fringe systems superimposed which are very similar but not identical. For some mirror positions, where 2d is an integer number of wavelengths for both components, the fringes will coincide over a good range of θ and will lo ...
... small amount ∆λ, such as the orange-yellow sodium D lines, there will be two fringe systems superimposed which are very similar but not identical. For some mirror positions, where 2d is an integer number of wavelengths for both components, the fringes will coincide over a good range of θ and will lo ...
The creation and annihilation of optical vortices using cascade
... beam is circularly symmetric. The individual profiles B0 and B1 satisfy the paraxial wave equation and have been shown experimentally to agree with theory [9]. In cascade conical diffraction, a beam propagates through a series of biaxial crystals. This process has recently been exploited in lasers w ...
... beam is circularly symmetric. The individual profiles B0 and B1 satisfy the paraxial wave equation and have been shown experimentally to agree with theory [9]. In cascade conical diffraction, a beam propagates through a series of biaxial crystals. This process has recently been exploited in lasers w ...
Optical measurement technique with telecentric lenses
... Fig. 2-1: Wideangle- and Teleperspective Both photos have been taken with a 35mm format camera (24 x 36 mm), the left one with a moderate wide angle lens (focal length 35 mm) and the right one with a tele-lens of 200 mm focal length. In both pictures the foreground (e.g. the front edge of the chess ...
... Fig. 2-1: Wideangle- and Teleperspective Both photos have been taken with a 35mm format camera (24 x 36 mm), the left one with a moderate wide angle lens (focal length 35 mm) and the right one with a tele-lens of 200 mm focal length. In both pictures the foreground (e.g. the front edge of the chess ...
Investigation of the Optical Properties of YAG:Ce Phosphor
... Yamada et al. in 2003 and Narendran et al. in 2005 quantified forward and backward transmitted light from a layer of YAG:Ce phosphor for an excitation radiation near 470 nm (blue) and down-converted broadband yellow light.9,11 Narendran et al. showed that more than 60% of the light propagates backwa ...
... Yamada et al. in 2003 and Narendran et al. in 2005 quantified forward and backward transmitted light from a layer of YAG:Ce phosphor for an excitation radiation near 470 nm (blue) and down-converted broadband yellow light.9,11 Narendran et al. showed that more than 60% of the light propagates backwa ...
Simultaneous slow and fast light effects using in atomic vapor
... cell is heated to a steady temperature of 70 oC using bifilarly wound coils in order to reduce the axial magnetic field due to the coil. All the beams are combined using polarizing and nonpolarizing beam splitters at the input end before entering the cell. After passing through the cell, the probe b ...
... cell is heated to a steady temperature of 70 oC using bifilarly wound coils in order to reduce the axial magnetic field due to the coil. All the beams are combined using polarizing and nonpolarizing beam splitters at the input end before entering the cell. After passing through the cell, the probe b ...
unit 29: reflection and mirrors
... outgoing rays along ME and M’E’ make. Record the values below. Do you see any relationship between incoming angle and outgoing angle of reflection? If so, explain what it is. ...
... outgoing rays along ME and M’E’ make. Record the values below. Do you see any relationship between incoming angle and outgoing angle of reflection? If so, explain what it is. ...
History of Fiber Optics
... device to turn the light "on" and "off" in the correct sequence, thereby generating a light signal. The transmitter is physically close to the optical fiber and may even have a lens to focus the light into the fiber. Lasers have more power than LEDs, but vary more with changes in temperature and are ...
... device to turn the light "on" and "off" in the correct sequence, thereby generating a light signal. The transmitter is physically close to the optical fiber and may even have a lens to focus the light into the fiber. Lasers have more power than LEDs, but vary more with changes in temperature and are ...
Diffractive optical element and optical pickup apparatus
... described With reference to the draWings. In the present speci ?cation, the generic name “next- generation DVD” is given to any optical disk, Which may be referred to as recording media, ...
... described With reference to the draWings. In the present speci ?cation, the generic name “next- generation DVD” is given to any optical disk, Which may be referred to as recording media, ...
PC 481 Fiber Optics Lab Manual
... One of the most widely used components is the fibre coupler. The coupler allows two or more optical signals to be combined into one signal. The coupler can also be used to split the signals apart again. The fused coupler is the most common of the fibre couplers and the principle behind the fused cou ...
... One of the most widely used components is the fibre coupler. The coupler allows two or more optical signals to be combined into one signal. The coupler can also be used to split the signals apart again. The fused coupler is the most common of the fibre couplers and the principle behind the fused cou ...
Mirrors - Purdue Physics
... light rays that are close to the optical axis § If the light rays are far from the optical axis, they will not be focused through the focal point of the mirror § Thus we will see a distorted image § In the drawing several light rays are incident on a spherical concave mirror § You can see that the r ...
... light rays that are close to the optical axis § If the light rays are far from the optical axis, they will not be focused through the focal point of the mirror § Thus we will see a distorted image § In the drawing several light rays are incident on a spherical concave mirror § You can see that the r ...
Microscopy
Microscopy is the technical field of using microscopes to view objects and areas of objects that cannot be seen with the naked eye (objects that are not within the resolution range of the normal eye). There are three well-known branches of microscopy: optical, electron, and scanning probe microscopy.Optical and electron microscopy involve the diffraction, reflection, or refraction of electromagnetic radiation/electron beams interacting with the specimen, and the collection of the scattered radiation or another signal in order to create an image. This process may be carried out by wide-field irradiation of the sample (for example standard light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy) or by scanning of a fine beam over the sample (for example confocal laser scanning microscopy and scanning electron microscopy). Scanning probe microscopy involves the interaction of a scanning probe with the surface of the object of interest. The development of microscopy revolutionized biology and remains an essential technique in the life and physical sciences.