Untitled
... The Digital Holography and Three-Dimensional Imaging meeting provides a forum for science, technology, and applications of digital holographic, and three-dimensional imaging and display methods. Topic areas include interferometry, phase microscopy, novel holographic processes, 3-D and novel displays ...
... The Digital Holography and Three-Dimensional Imaging meeting provides a forum for science, technology, and applications of digital holographic, and three-dimensional imaging and display methods. Topic areas include interferometry, phase microscopy, novel holographic processes, 3-D and novel displays ...
Fabrication of two-layer integrated phase mask for
... the case of positive resist, the overexposed material is then dissolved away in the postexposure processing. The underexposed region forms a periodic network and acts as a 3D photonic crystal template. For negative photoresists, the underexposed regions can then be selectively removed using a develo ...
... the case of positive resist, the overexposed material is then dissolved away in the postexposure processing. The underexposed region forms a periodic network and acts as a 3D photonic crystal template. For negative photoresists, the underexposed regions can then be selectively removed using a develo ...
Transfer of Light Helicity to Nanostructures
... When the target was irradiated with a circularly polarized Gaussian beam with L ¼ 0 and S ¼ 1, no nanostructures, such as needles, were observed on the ablated surface [Fig. 1(a)]. In contrast, a linearly polarized optical vortex with L Þ 0 and S ¼ 0 produced a chiral nanoneedle with a spiral conic ...
... When the target was irradiated with a circularly polarized Gaussian beam with L ¼ 0 and S ¼ 1, no nanostructures, such as needles, were observed on the ablated surface [Fig. 1(a)]. In contrast, a linearly polarized optical vortex with L Þ 0 and S ¼ 0 produced a chiral nanoneedle with a spiral conic ...
IOSR Journal of Applied Physics (IOSR-JAP)
... induced by the effect of the label and in general it measures the refractive index change (RI) induced by molecular interactions. The RI change is related to the sample concentration, while the detection signal usually depends on the total number of analytes in the volume. As a result, the detection ...
... induced by the effect of the label and in general it measures the refractive index change (RI) induced by molecular interactions. The RI change is related to the sample concentration, while the detection signal usually depends on the total number of analytes in the volume. As a result, the detection ...
Binocular Performance Index
... sufficient magnification is employed. I have recorded views of many double stars under excellent seeing conditions with various 35mm, 50mm, 70mm and 80mm binoculars ranging from 7x power up to 20x power and results I get indicate maximum resolution by the best binoculars is in the 7” to 10” range. M ...
... sufficient magnification is employed. I have recorded views of many double stars under excellent seeing conditions with various 35mm, 50mm, 70mm and 80mm binoculars ranging from 7x power up to 20x power and results I get indicate maximum resolution by the best binoculars is in the 7” to 10” range. M ...
Optical Studies and Micro-Structure Modeling of the Circular-Polarizing Scarab Beetles Cetonia aurata
... where IX, IY, I+45o, and I-45o are the irradiances for linear polarization in the X, Y, +45 o and -450 directions, respectively, and Ir and Il are the irradiances for right-handed and left-handed polarization. The physical meaning of the Stokes parameters is: ...
... where IX, IY, I+45o, and I-45o are the irradiances for linear polarization in the X, Y, +45 o and -450 directions, respectively, and Ir and Il are the irradiances for right-handed and left-handed polarization. The physical meaning of the Stokes parameters is: ...
Physical Optics
... Introduction and structure of the course. The study of light has been an important part of science from its beginning. The ancient Greeks and, prior to the Middle Ages, Islamic scholars provided important insights. With the coming of the Scientific Revolution in the 16th and 17th centuries, optics, ...
... Introduction and structure of the course. The study of light has been an important part of science from its beginning. The ancient Greeks and, prior to the Middle Ages, Islamic scholars provided important insights. With the coming of the Scientific Revolution in the 16th and 17th centuries, optics, ...
Femtosecond self-guided atmospheric light strings
... result is that the nonlinear focal region will be spread out rather than being a point focus. This explanation succeeds in describing the initial phase of generation of the light guide but cannot account for subsequent self-guiding and plasma generation. Our work in this area has focused on explaini ...
... result is that the nonlinear focal region will be spread out rather than being a point focus. This explanation succeeds in describing the initial phase of generation of the light guide but cannot account for subsequent self-guiding and plasma generation. Our work in this area has focused on explaini ...
Quantitative spectroscopic photoacoustic imaging
... PAT. There are essentially two modes of PA microscopy, AR-PAM and OR-PAM. In acoustic resolution PA microscopy (AR-PAM), a focused ultrasound detector is used to record the PA signal, and the axial and lateral spatial resolutions are limited by ultrasonic considerations. In a typical implementation, ...
... PAT. There are essentially two modes of PA microscopy, AR-PAM and OR-PAM. In acoustic resolution PA microscopy (AR-PAM), a focused ultrasound detector is used to record the PA signal, and the axial and lateral spatial resolutions are limited by ultrasonic considerations. In a typical implementation, ...
Diffraction effects in optical interferometric displacement detection in nanoelectromechanical systems
... with wavelength, ⬇ 632 nm, was focused upon the center of a NEMS beam by a 50⫻ objective lens with numerical aperture, NA= 0.5. This resulted in an experimentally determined spot size (full width at half maximum) of 1.0 m close to ⬃ / 2NA. A schematic of the NEMS doubly clamped beam and the opti ...
... with wavelength, ⬇ 632 nm, was focused upon the center of a NEMS beam by a 50⫻ objective lens with numerical aperture, NA= 0.5. This resulted in an experimentally determined spot size (full width at half maximum) of 1.0 m close to ⬃ / 2NA. A schematic of the NEMS doubly clamped beam and the opti ...
Measuring and Modelling Light Scattering in Paper
... This thesis is about measuring and modelling light reflected from paper by using goniophotometric measurements. Measuring bidirectional reflectance requires highly accurate instruments, and a large part of the work in this thesis is about establishing the requirements that must be fulfilled to ensur ...
... This thesis is about measuring and modelling light reflected from paper by using goniophotometric measurements. Measuring bidirectional reflectance requires highly accurate instruments, and a large part of the work in this thesis is about establishing the requirements that must be fulfilled to ensur ...
Optical Fibers
... The fine glass fiber is relatively flexible and can be used to guide optical signals over distances of kilometers without the necessity of perfect alignment between source and detector. This significantly increases the applications of optical communication in areas such as telephone and data transmi ...
... The fine glass fiber is relatively flexible and can be used to guide optical signals over distances of kilometers without the necessity of perfect alignment between source and detector. This significantly increases the applications of optical communication in areas such as telephone and data transmi ...
Atomic Spectroscopy
... dramatically. The temperature of the sample within the argon plasma of an ICP-AES system can reach between 5500 to 8000 K. These temperatures allow complete ionization of elements, minimizing chemical interferences, and providing ample thermal energy to excite most of the free atoms in the sample. T ...
... dramatically. The temperature of the sample within the argon plasma of an ICP-AES system can reach between 5500 to 8000 K. These temperatures allow complete ionization of elements, minimizing chemical interferences, and providing ample thermal energy to excite most of the free atoms in the sample. T ...
L. Koechlin Optical principles of diffraction focusing
... No mirror, no lens : just vacuum and opaque material (except near focal plane). broad spectral domain: λ = 90nm (UV) to (IR) 25μm High angular resolution: as a solid aperture the size of the array. High dynamic range: 108 on compact objects, more with coronagraphy & postprocessing. Large tolerance i ...
... No mirror, no lens : just vacuum and opaque material (except near focal plane). broad spectral domain: λ = 90nm (UV) to (IR) 25μm High angular resolution: as a solid aperture the size of the array. High dynamic range: 108 on compact objects, more with coronagraphy & postprocessing. Large tolerance i ...
Diffuse optical imaging
... absorption spectra of oxy- and deoxyhaemoglobin (HbO and HHb, respectively) to assess blood oxygenation. This demonstrated that biomedical optics could provide clinically useful information by examination of the absorption of tissue, provided that the confounding effects of scatter were minimized, b ...
... absorption spectra of oxy- and deoxyhaemoglobin (HbO and HHb, respectively) to assess blood oxygenation. This demonstrated that biomedical optics could provide clinically useful information by examination of the absorption of tissue, provided that the confounding effects of scatter were minimized, b ...
Full text in DIVA
... absorbed ones. However, when combined, the two measurement modes provide an important tool for imaging tissue intravitally in vivo or in sections.1,7,15,16 In the present work, a method to quantify the collagen structure by its second-order susceptibility in tissue was developed and exploited. The p ...
... absorbed ones. However, when combined, the two measurement modes provide an important tool for imaging tissue intravitally in vivo or in sections.1,7,15,16 In the present work, a method to quantify the collagen structure by its second-order susceptibility in tissue was developed and exploited. The p ...
The generation of nondiffracting beams using
... In this way we can plot only the phase of the interferogram, discarding information about the amplitude, and hence obtain an approximate description of the interferogram, which is accurate regarding its phase but not its amplitude. More complex and ingenious schemes to preserve and encode both the a ...
... In this way we can plot only the phase of the interferogram, discarding information about the amplitude, and hence obtain an approximate description of the interferogram, which is accurate regarding its phase but not its amplitude. More complex and ingenious schemes to preserve and encode both the a ...
ComplexLightBookChapterEG
... to beams of light where one or more parameters are changed within the beam of light. In particular, spatial modes have received much attention, generated either directly from lasers or by manipulation of the wavefront via diffractive optical elements. These studies have led us to Laguerre-Gauss beam ...
... to beams of light where one or more parameters are changed within the beam of light. In particular, spatial modes have received much attention, generated either directly from lasers or by manipulation of the wavefront via diffractive optical elements. These studies have led us to Laguerre-Gauss beam ...
IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IOSR-JEEE)
... mechanical touch. By using the various effects of light, dielectric particles ranging in size from submicron to hundreds of microns can be successfully held by a beam (or beams) of light. Optical tweezers is a type of optical micro-manipulation and micro-fabrication system. Optical tweezers are scie ...
... mechanical touch. By using the various effects of light, dielectric particles ranging in size from submicron to hundreds of microns can be successfully held by a beam (or beams) of light. Optical tweezers is a type of optical micro-manipulation and micro-fabrication system. Optical tweezers are scie ...
PDF
... optical phased array with a Gaussian window where the emission amplitude of the optical antennas decays from the center to the edge of the array, following a Gaussian distribution. Figure 1(d) simulates the corresponding far-field beam form of the apodized phased array where the sidelobes are succes ...
... optical phased array with a Gaussian window where the emission amplitude of the optical antennas decays from the center to the edge of the array, following a Gaussian distribution. Figure 1(d) simulates the corresponding far-field beam form of the apodized phased array where the sidelobes are succes ...
Read more - Spectromatch
... a single signal. We do this for each type of cone and the result is that our sensation of colour is reduced to just three signals. This is called trichromacy. When two illuminated surfaces produce the same signal response in our visual system the two surfaces will be perceived as being the same colo ...
... a single signal. We do this for each type of cone and the result is that our sensation of colour is reduced to just three signals. This is called trichromacy. When two illuminated surfaces produce the same signal response in our visual system the two surfaces will be perceived as being the same colo ...
Chapter O2
... O2.1 Introduction to Single Mirrors In this section we will be introduced to a number of new ideas. We will start with mirrors because the interaction of light with mirrors, based on reflection, is easier to deal with than the interaction of light with lenses, which is based on refraction. However, ...
... O2.1 Introduction to Single Mirrors In this section we will be introduced to a number of new ideas. We will start with mirrors because the interaction of light with mirrors, based on reflection, is easier to deal with than the interaction of light with lenses, which is based on refraction. However, ...
45.Z-scan measurement of the nonlinear refractive index of graphene
... near field curve, one obtains the data of panel (c), which exhibits the typical shape of a Z-scan curve with positive nonlinear phase shift having an on-axis value of ΔΦ 0.147 rad. The dotted curve was recorded in cw at the same wavelength and mean power. ...
... near field curve, one obtains the data of panel (c), which exhibits the typical shape of a Z-scan curve with positive nonlinear phase shift having an on-axis value of ΔΦ 0.147 rad. The dotted curve was recorded in cw at the same wavelength and mean power. ...
Experiment 24 - School of Physics
... appear to come from the wedge formed by M and M10 . To view the resulting fringe pattern a lens must be focussed on this wedge (if viewed with the naked eye your eye will naturally focus on this point). The fringes will be equidistant straight bands parallel to the apex of the wedge and their separa ...
... appear to come from the wedge formed by M and M10 . To view the resulting fringe pattern a lens must be focussed on this wedge (if viewed with the naked eye your eye will naturally focus on this point). The fringes will be equidistant straight bands parallel to the apex of the wedge and their separa ...
Chapter 11: The Eye and Light - San Juan Unified School District
... seen, light emitted by or scattered from it must be detected by the eye. 6.c Students know light travels in straight lines if the medium it travels through does ...
... seen, light emitted by or scattered from it must be detected by the eye. 6.c Students know light travels in straight lines if the medium it travels through does ...
Microscopy
Microscopy is the technical field of using microscopes to view objects and areas of objects that cannot be seen with the naked eye (objects that are not within the resolution range of the normal eye). There are three well-known branches of microscopy: optical, electron, and scanning probe microscopy.Optical and electron microscopy involve the diffraction, reflection, or refraction of electromagnetic radiation/electron beams interacting with the specimen, and the collection of the scattered radiation or another signal in order to create an image. This process may be carried out by wide-field irradiation of the sample (for example standard light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy) or by scanning of a fine beam over the sample (for example confocal laser scanning microscopy and scanning electron microscopy). Scanning probe microscopy involves the interaction of a scanning probe with the surface of the object of interest. The development of microscopy revolutionized biology and remains an essential technique in the life and physical sciences.