Total internal reflection holography for optical interconnections
... pinhole will quadruple the object wave intensity and will divide by four the illumination area in the holographic plane (far-field propagation assumed). This results in an increase of 16 times the object wave irradiance and ofthe ratio between the object and reference beams. ...
... pinhole will quadruple the object wave intensity and will divide by four the illumination area in the holographic plane (far-field propagation assumed). This results in an increase of 16 times the object wave irradiance and ofthe ratio between the object and reference beams. ...
Impact of Liquid Crystals in Active and Adaptive Optics
... controlled amounts of retardance at different parts of the wavefront. Their initial limitation concerning speed, polarization sensitivity, retardance range, and diffraction effect reduced their expansion. However they have been overcome nowadays by using different approaches. For example, polarizati ...
... controlled amounts of retardance at different parts of the wavefront. Their initial limitation concerning speed, polarization sensitivity, retardance range, and diffraction effect reduced their expansion. However they have been overcome nowadays by using different approaches. For example, polarizati ...
Investigating the Wavelength Dependency of Dot Gain in Color Print
... Characterizing the halftone print properties, is useful for system calibration and quality control of the color reproduction. There are numerous physical phenomena which influence color perception such as the light source, surface reflection, light absorption, light scattering, multiple internal ref ...
... Characterizing the halftone print properties, is useful for system calibration and quality control of the color reproduction. There are numerous physical phenomena which influence color perception such as the light source, surface reflection, light absorption, light scattering, multiple internal ref ...
Rapid BRDF Measurement Using an Ellipsoidal
... To avoid using mechanical drive, some systems include catadioptric devices. Kuthirummal and Nayar 13) used a cylindrical mirror and Han and Perlin 14) combined a projector and several plane mirrors similar to those used in a kaleidoscope. However, these systems can measure only sparse BRDFs because ...
... To avoid using mechanical drive, some systems include catadioptric devices. Kuthirummal and Nayar 13) used a cylindrical mirror and Han and Perlin 14) combined a projector and several plane mirrors similar to those used in a kaleidoscope. However, these systems can measure only sparse BRDFs because ...
PreDesigner Manual
... dependant parameters. For example, if you know that your optical system must have a focal length of f, a magnification of m’ and an object height of h, PreDesigner will draw the system paraxial layout and calculate the related object/image distances, magnification throw, image height and angles. How ...
... dependant parameters. For example, if you know that your optical system must have a focal length of f, a magnification of m’ and an object height of h, PreDesigner will draw the system paraxial layout and calculate the related object/image distances, magnification throw, image height and angles. How ...
Experiment Guide - Industrial Fiber Optics
... the opening it diffracts or behaves as if a new source of waves (a secondary wavefront) was created at the obstrucFigure 1. tion. Notice how the waves spread out beyond the actual size Waves diffracting as they pass through an aperture. of the opening. The following experiment will demonstrate diffr ...
... the opening it diffracts or behaves as if a new source of waves (a secondary wavefront) was created at the obstrucFigure 1. tion. Notice how the waves spread out beyond the actual size Waves diffracting as they pass through an aperture. of the opening. The following experiment will demonstrate diffr ...
Physical basis of colors seen in Congo red-stained amyloid
... in practice various colors may be seen between accurately crossed polarizing filters, called polarizer and analyzer. Other colors are seen as the polarizer and analyzer are uncrossed and sometimes when the slide is rotated. Previously, there has been no satisfactory explanation of these properties. ...
... in practice various colors may be seen between accurately crossed polarizing filters, called polarizer and analyzer. Other colors are seen as the polarizer and analyzer are uncrossed and sometimes when the slide is rotated. Previously, there has been no satisfactory explanation of these properties. ...
Curved Mirrors, Ray Diagrams, and Simulations Background Information
... 3. Move your cursor to about 1/4 of the way from the right side, near the yellow line. When you click your mouse, a concave curved mirror appears. The location of the center of the mirror is given on the screen. Move the mirror to a convenient location (such as x = 4.0) by dragging the mirror left o ...
... 3. Move your cursor to about 1/4 of the way from the right side, near the yellow line. When you click your mouse, a concave curved mirror appears. The location of the center of the mirror is given on the screen. Move the mirror to a convenient location (such as x = 4.0) by dragging the mirror left o ...
A day in the life of a Laser scientist
... The world's largest laser was completed in 2009, designed to create a nuclear reaction like the one at the centre of the sun. 192 laser beams will be focused on a tiny target at the centre of an enormous spherical target chamber, creating temperatures of up to 100 million degrees. This building whic ...
... The world's largest laser was completed in 2009, designed to create a nuclear reaction like the one at the centre of the sun. 192 laser beams will be focused on a tiny target at the centre of an enormous spherical target chamber, creating temperatures of up to 100 million degrees. This building whic ...
Applications of Surface Metrology to Issues in Art
... experiment to discern different brush hair types and different paint material by taking measurements using fine-scaled microscopes and analyzing the results using surface metrology software. As a result, we were able to discern different brush hair types from each other with 99.9% confidence level e ...
... experiment to discern different brush hair types and different paint material by taking measurements using fine-scaled microscopes and analyzing the results using surface metrology software. As a result, we were able to discern different brush hair types from each other with 99.9% confidence level e ...
polygonal mirror laser scanning heads: characteristic functions
... vector approach was developed by Li, including PMs into a general theory of mirror-scanning devices; equations to characterize the scan field of a PM were obtained [23], as well as for 2D scanning [24]. In contrast to such general approaches and also to practical equations used to evaluate approxima ...
... vector approach was developed by Li, including PMs into a general theory of mirror-scanning devices; equations to characterize the scan field of a PM were obtained [23], as well as for 2D scanning [24]. In contrast to such general approaches and also to practical equations used to evaluate approxima ...
``Interaction-free`` imaging - Vienna Center for Quantum Science and
... grounded in everyday experience and so is necessarily classical. Since its earliest days, the field of quantum mechanics has been characterized by predictions and apparent paradoxes that run counter to our natural intuition. However, in remarkably short order, the practitioners of quantum mechanics ...
... grounded in everyday experience and so is necessarily classical. Since its earliest days, the field of quantum mechanics has been characterized by predictions and apparent paradoxes that run counter to our natural intuition. However, in remarkably short order, the practitioners of quantum mechanics ...
Fourier, Fresnel and Image CGHs of three
... Synthesizing a computer-generated hologram (CGH) of a three-dimensional (3-D) image can be a heavy computational task1. One needs to superpose the mathematical contributions of many waves originating from many points on the objects, when not all of them are located at the same distance from the holo ...
... Synthesizing a computer-generated hologram (CGH) of a three-dimensional (3-D) image can be a heavy computational task1. One needs to superpose the mathematical contributions of many waves originating from many points on the objects, when not all of them are located at the same distance from the holo ...
Laser ranging: a critical review of usual techniques
... The surface shape of objects can be imaged and digitized using the following basic components: a light source to define a specific pixel共s兲, such as an encoding-decoding process 共e.g., triangulation, fringe and pattern projections, and time of flight兲, a sensing device composed of a collecting lens ...
... The surface shape of objects can be imaged and digitized using the following basic components: a light source to define a specific pixel共s兲, such as an encoding-decoding process 共e.g., triangulation, fringe and pattern projections, and time of flight兲, a sensing device composed of a collecting lens ...
At-wavelength figure metrology of hard x
... hard x-ray microscopy, microdiffraction, and spectromicroscopy using a hard x-ray microprobe have the ability to analyze materials nondestructively with precise spatial information. In these techniques, not only the focusing size of the hard x rays, but also the focusing intensity distribution prope ...
... hard x-ray microscopy, microdiffraction, and spectromicroscopy using a hard x-ray microprobe have the ability to analyze materials nondestructively with precise spatial information. In these techniques, not only the focusing size of the hard x rays, but also the focusing intensity distribution prope ...
Light Propagation with Phase Discontinuities
... markedly different from conventional specular reflection. Equation 4 predicts that there is always a critical angle of incidence ...
... markedly different from conventional specular reflection. Equation 4 predicts that there is always a critical angle of incidence ...
Discussion questions Section 29.4 Images of images 851
... To locate an image, we need to track a minimum of two rays coming from the same point. Since we have proved in the previous chapter that this type of image is not distorted, we can use an on-axis point, O, on the object, as in figure a/1. The results we derive will also hold for off-axis points, sin ...
... To locate an image, we need to track a minimum of two rays coming from the same point. Since we have proved in the previous chapter that this type of image is not distorted, we can use an on-axis point, O, on the object, as in figure a/1. The results we derive will also hold for off-axis points, sin ...
OPTICAL FILTER COATINGS
... measurement of the amplitude of specific spectral lines. This combination has an enormous throughput advantage since the collecting area of filters is very large compared to instrumental slits. Additionally, interference filters enable the viewing and near-instantaneous recording of very spectrally ...
... measurement of the amplitude of specific spectral lines. This combination has an enormous throughput advantage since the collecting area of filters is very large compared to instrumental slits. Additionally, interference filters enable the viewing and near-instantaneous recording of very spectrally ...
Optical contrast and clarity of graphene on an
... and identify graphene on a smooth substrate for graphene production and experiments. The contrast between graphene and the background is the crucial factor for graphene identification, and the contrast is small due to the ultrathin nature of graphene 关thickness is 0.335 nm 共Refs. 1–3兲兴. Considerable ...
... and identify graphene on a smooth substrate for graphene production and experiments. The contrast between graphene and the background is the crucial factor for graphene identification, and the contrast is small due to the ultrathin nature of graphene 关thickness is 0.335 nm 共Refs. 1–3兲兴. Considerable ...
Achromatic correction of diffractive dispersion in white light SLM
... the phase modulation is crucial. The phase-mostly operation accessible in twisted cells will be excluded from the discussion and only the phase-only modulation implemented with linearly polarized light will be considered. In this case, the action of the SLM can be defined by the function t ∝ exp[iΦ ...
... the phase modulation is crucial. The phase-mostly operation accessible in twisted cells will be excluded from the discussion and only the phase-only modulation implemented with linearly polarized light will be considered. In this case, the action of the SLM can be defined by the function t ∝ exp[iΦ ...
June 4 - The 7th International Conference on Surface Plasmon
... spatial resolution below the diffraction limit. This leads to smearing of the spatial photocurrent maps, which can mask important details. Here we introduce a photocurrent measurement technique which is not limited by the diffraction limit. Using a scattering-type scanning near-field optical microsc ...
... spatial resolution below the diffraction limit. This leads to smearing of the spatial photocurrent maps, which can mask important details. Here we introduce a photocurrent measurement technique which is not limited by the diffraction limit. Using a scattering-type scanning near-field optical microsc ...
PDF
... Phase profiles are imprinted on the wavefront of a collimated beam from a continuous wave ytterbium-doped fiber laser (IPG Photonics, λ = 1064 nm) using an electronically addressed, reflective SLM (P512-1064, Boulder Nonlinear Systems). The SLM is operated in a phaseonly mode which controls the phas ...
... Phase profiles are imprinted on the wavefront of a collimated beam from a continuous wave ytterbium-doped fiber laser (IPG Photonics, λ = 1064 nm) using an electronically addressed, reflective SLM (P512-1064, Boulder Nonlinear Systems). The SLM is operated in a phaseonly mode which controls the phas ...
Fabrication of Surface Plasmon Resonators by Nanoskiving Single
... velocity as a function of wavelength with eq 1, using the wavelength difference between the peaks in the spectra from three nanowires of different lengths (4.4, 5.1, and 5.2 µm). The wavelength of the plasmon is approximately 283 nm at 1.75 eV and 491 nm at 1.38 eV. The wavelength of a plasmon is s ...
... velocity as a function of wavelength with eq 1, using the wavelength difference between the peaks in the spectra from three nanowires of different lengths (4.4, 5.1, and 5.2 µm). The wavelength of the plasmon is approximately 283 nm at 1.75 eV and 491 nm at 1.38 eV. The wavelength of a plasmon is s ...
An ultrasmall wavelength-selective channel drop switch
... photonic bandgap changes because of the existence of the slotted mode. Also this waveguide is no longer single-mode. The band structure is also altered by a change in the gap, so we need to consider carefully the slotted mode in the design. At a large gap, the light wave propagates in the PC wavegui ...
... photonic bandgap changes because of the existence of the slotted mode. Also this waveguide is no longer single-mode. The band structure is also altered by a change in the gap, so we need to consider carefully the slotted mode in the design. At a large gap, the light wave propagates in the PC wavegui ...
Principles of Interference
... phenomena and the notion of coherence is defined by the correlation properties between the various quantities of an optical field. The optical coherence is related to the various forms of the correlations of the random processes (Born and Wolf 1984; Mandel and Wolf and Wolf 1995). The interference p ...
... phenomena and the notion of coherence is defined by the correlation properties between the various quantities of an optical field. The optical coherence is related to the various forms of the correlations of the random processes (Born and Wolf 1984; Mandel and Wolf and Wolf 1995). The interference p ...
Microscopy
Microscopy is the technical field of using microscopes to view objects and areas of objects that cannot be seen with the naked eye (objects that are not within the resolution range of the normal eye). There are three well-known branches of microscopy: optical, electron, and scanning probe microscopy.Optical and electron microscopy involve the diffraction, reflection, or refraction of electromagnetic radiation/electron beams interacting with the specimen, and the collection of the scattered radiation or another signal in order to create an image. This process may be carried out by wide-field irradiation of the sample (for example standard light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy) or by scanning of a fine beam over the sample (for example confocal laser scanning microscopy and scanning electron microscopy). Scanning probe microscopy involves the interaction of a scanning probe with the surface of the object of interest. The development of microscopy revolutionized biology and remains an essential technique in the life and physical sciences.