Cardiolipin-Mediated Mitochondrial Dynamics and
... possibility that it may also be present in other organelles such as peroxisomes. Arabidopsis seedlings containing a mitochondrial marker (Saccharomyces cerevisiae CYTOCHROME C OXIDASE4YELLOW FLUORESCENT PROTEIN [COX4-YFP]; Nelson et al., 2007) or a peroxisomal marker (YFP-PEROXISOMAL TARGETING SIGNA ...
... possibility that it may also be present in other organelles such as peroxisomes. Arabidopsis seedlings containing a mitochondrial marker (Saccharomyces cerevisiae CYTOCHROME C OXIDASE4YELLOW FLUORESCENT PROTEIN [COX4-YFP]; Nelson et al., 2007) or a peroxisomal marker (YFP-PEROXISOMAL TARGETING SIGNA ...
The Putative Arabidopsis Arp2/3 Complex
... The evolutionarily conserved Arp2/3 complex has been shown to activate actin nucleation and branching in several eukaryotes, but its biological functions are not well understood in multicellular organisms. The model plant Arabidopsis provides many advantages for genetic dissection of the function of ...
... The evolutionarily conserved Arp2/3 complex has been shown to activate actin nucleation and branching in several eukaryotes, but its biological functions are not well understood in multicellular organisms. The model plant Arabidopsis provides many advantages for genetic dissection of the function of ...
ABSTRACT SUSTAINED DELIVERY AND PHARMACODYNAMICS OF AN INTEGRIN
... Figure 4-7. Effect of EMD478761 on HUVECs spread on vitronectin (VN)-coated surfaces. ................................................................................................. 78 Figure 4-8. Effect of EMD478761 on actin filaments of HUVECs.......................... 79 Figure 4-9. Effect of E ...
... Figure 4-7. Effect of EMD478761 on HUVECs spread on vitronectin (VN)-coated surfaces. ................................................................................................. 78 Figure 4-8. Effect of EMD478761 on actin filaments of HUVECs.......................... 79 Figure 4-9. Effect of E ...
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... sub-proteomic approaches to the plant cell wall through the use of protoplasts, a methodology that will provide the basis for further exploration of cell wall proteins and cell wall dynamics. Keywords: protoplast; cell wall; sub-proteomics; imaging technique ...
... sub-proteomic approaches to the plant cell wall through the use of protoplasts, a methodology that will provide the basis for further exploration of cell wall proteins and cell wall dynamics. Keywords: protoplast; cell wall; sub-proteomics; imaging technique ...
Linköping University Post Print
... Over the last decade, the lysosome has emerged as a significant component of the cellular death machinery. Lysosomes, which were first described by de Duve and colleagues in 1955 [1], are acidic, single-membrane bound organelles that are present in all eukaryotic cells [2]. The primary function of l ...
... Over the last decade, the lysosome has emerged as a significant component of the cellular death machinery. Lysosomes, which were first described by de Duve and colleagues in 1955 [1], are acidic, single-membrane bound organelles that are present in all eukaryotic cells [2]. The primary function of l ...
Transient Exposure to Ethylene Stimulates Cell Division and Alters
... We first examined the effects of ethylene on stomatal development along the entire length of the hypocotyl. We grew seedlings in the dark in airtight containers throughout the treatment period. Three days after planting in normal air, we injected 10 mL L1 ethylene into the containers and after 2 d, ...
... We first examined the effects of ethylene on stomatal development along the entire length of the hypocotyl. We grew seedlings in the dark in airtight containers throughout the treatment period. Three days after planting in normal air, we injected 10 mL L1 ethylene into the containers and after 2 d, ...
Autophagy regulation by nutrient signaling
... factors, and stress to coordinate cell growth and maintain metabolic homeostasis [59]. mTOR forms two functionally distinct complexes in mammals, mTORC1 (mTOR complex 1) and mTORC2 (mTOR complex 2). It is mTORC1 that is sensitive to both growth factors and nutrients, and the presence of amino acids ...
... factors, and stress to coordinate cell growth and maintain metabolic homeostasis [59]. mTOR forms two functionally distinct complexes in mammals, mTORC1 (mTOR complex 1) and mTORC2 (mTOR complex 2). It is mTORC1 that is sensitive to both growth factors and nutrients, and the presence of amino acids ...
Insulin-Like Growth Factor and Potassium Depolarization Maintain
... During development of the vertebrate nervous system, approximately half of the neurons that are generated die by a process called “programmed cell death.” This naturally occurring process is mediated by apoptosis, a specific form of programmed cell death that has characteristic morphological and bio ...
... During development of the vertebrate nervous system, approximately half of the neurons that are generated die by a process called “programmed cell death.” This naturally occurring process is mediated by apoptosis, a specific form of programmed cell death that has characteristic morphological and bio ...
Mechanisms of convergence and extension by cell intercalation
... organisms where these movements appear, they occur by mediolateral cell intercalation, the rearrangement of cells along the mediolateral axis to produce an array that is narrower in this axis and longer in the anteroposterior axis. In amphibians, mesodermal cell intercalation is driven by bipolar, m ...
... organisms where these movements appear, they occur by mediolateral cell intercalation, the rearrangement of cells along the mediolateral axis to produce an array that is narrower in this axis and longer in the anteroposterior axis. In amphibians, mesodermal cell intercalation is driven by bipolar, m ...
Temporal control of neuronal diversity: common
... different neuronal/glial subtypes at different stages of development. As in Drosophila, it is becoming clear that some regions of the vertebrate CNS contain multipotent neural progenitors that can sequentially generate two or more distinct cell identities (see Glossary, Box 1) (Qian et al., 2000; Sh ...
... different neuronal/glial subtypes at different stages of development. As in Drosophila, it is becoming clear that some regions of the vertebrate CNS contain multipotent neural progenitors that can sequentially generate two or more distinct cell identities (see Glossary, Box 1) (Qian et al., 2000; Sh ...
Growth Control and Cell Wall Signaling in Plants
... approximately 10% of the wall of growing cells. Among the structural proteins, extensins are defined as extracellular, basic, hydroxyproline (Hyp)–rich structural glycoproteins with alternating hydrophilic (X-Hypn ) and hydrophobic motifs that frequently carry tyrosine residues as potential cross-lin ...
... approximately 10% of the wall of growing cells. Among the structural proteins, extensins are defined as extracellular, basic, hydroxyproline (Hyp)–rich structural glycoproteins with alternating hydrophilic (X-Hypn ) and hydrophobic motifs that frequently carry tyrosine residues as potential cross-lin ...
Only a subset of the binary cell fate decisions
... division of each IIa cell to produce two socket cells (Rhyu et al., 1994). The transformation of IIb to IIa has therefore precluded the examination of the role of numb in the asymmetric division of the IIb cell in numb null mutants. Besides the cell-intrinsic mechanism mediated by numb, a cell-extri ...
... division of each IIa cell to produce two socket cells (Rhyu et al., 1994). The transformation of IIb to IIa has therefore precluded the examination of the role of numb in the asymmetric division of the IIb cell in numb null mutants. Besides the cell-intrinsic mechanism mediated by numb, a cell-extri ...
Functional characterization of dI6 interneurons in the neonatal
... genetically defined cell populations play specific roles in the production of locomotor behavior. Clear deficits in the fictive locomotor pattern have been observed in the absence of the V0 (Lanuza et al. 2004) and V1 (Gosgnach et al. 2006) populations, and subsequent experiments have demonstrated c ...
... genetically defined cell populations play specific roles in the production of locomotor behavior. Clear deficits in the fictive locomotor pattern have been observed in the absence of the V0 (Lanuza et al. 2004) and V1 (Gosgnach et al. 2006) populations, and subsequent experiments have demonstrated c ...
Serial endosymbiosis or singular event at the origin of eukaryotes?
... set of implicit predictions that resonate with her whole approach to cell evolution later in life. By ‘implicit predictions’, I am not referring to the explicit predictions laid out in the paper, many of which have been verified. For example, Margulis notes that if her theory is correct then all euka ...
... set of implicit predictions that resonate with her whole approach to cell evolution later in life. By ‘implicit predictions’, I am not referring to the explicit predictions laid out in the paper, many of which have been verified. For example, Margulis notes that if her theory is correct then all euka ...
ASYMMETRIC CELL DIVISION IN PLANTS
... asymmetric division process are (a) inductive signals from neighboring cells determine cell fate and (b) both cells resulting from the division are equally responsive to these signals. An important prediction from the first criterion is that alterations in the cellular environment after the cell und ...
... asymmetric division process are (a) inductive signals from neighboring cells determine cell fate and (b) both cells resulting from the division are equally responsive to these signals. An important prediction from the first criterion is that alterations in the cellular environment after the cell und ...
Pharyngeal Pumping Continues after laser Killing of the Pharyngeal
... consists of 282 neurons of 104 anatomlcal types (White et al., 1986), and the pharyngeal nervous system, which consists of 20 neurons of I4 types and is supposed to be concerned with the regulation of feeding (Albertson and Thomson, 1976). To learn what phenotypes are expected of mutants with specif ...
... consists of 282 neurons of 104 anatomlcal types (White et al., 1986), and the pharyngeal nervous system, which consists of 20 neurons of I4 types and is supposed to be concerned with the regulation of feeding (Albertson and Thomson, 1976). To learn what phenotypes are expected of mutants with specif ...
Rab-A2 and Rab-A3 GTPases Define a trans
... later stages of cytokinesis (Skop et al., 2001; Pelissier et al., 2003; Riggs et al., 2003; Wilson et al., 2005; van IJzendoorn, 2006). In yeast, Ypt3 and Ypt31/32 are involved in trafficking at the trans-face of the Golgi on the biosynthetic and endocytic pathways and localize to the site of cytoki ...
... later stages of cytokinesis (Skop et al., 2001; Pelissier et al., 2003; Riggs et al., 2003; Wilson et al., 2005; van IJzendoorn, 2006). In yeast, Ypt3 and Ypt31/32 are involved in trafficking at the trans-face of the Golgi on the biosynthetic and endocytic pathways and localize to the site of cytoki ...
At the border: the plasma membrane–cell wall continuum
... also contribute to cellulose synthesis (Xie et al., 2011; Wolf et al., 2012b). Therefore, the cellulose deficiencies observed in sterolimpaired plants could be a consequence of such metabolic pathways rather than membrane composition defects. More biochemical and cell biology data are needed to clar ...
... also contribute to cellulose synthesis (Xie et al., 2011; Wolf et al., 2012b). Therefore, the cellulose deficiencies observed in sterolimpaired plants could be a consequence of such metabolic pathways rather than membrane composition defects. More biochemical and cell biology data are needed to clar ...
At the border: the plasma membrane–cell wall
... also contribute to cellulose synthesis (Xie et al., 2011; Wolf et al., 2012b). Therefore, the cellulose deficiencies observed in sterolimpaired plants could be a consequence of such metabolic pathways rather than membrane composition defects. More biochemical and cell biology data are needed to clar ...
... also contribute to cellulose synthesis (Xie et al., 2011; Wolf et al., 2012b). Therefore, the cellulose deficiencies observed in sterolimpaired plants could be a consequence of such metabolic pathways rather than membrane composition defects. More biochemical and cell biology data are needed to clar ...
Homeostasis and the Importance for a Balance
... Fig. (1). Schematic diagram of the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Insulin or insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1) stimulation is shown to represent growth factor signaling. Upon activation the insulin receptor (IR) phosphorylates insulin receptor substrate (IRS), which activates phosphatidylinositol 3-kinas ...
... Fig. (1). Schematic diagram of the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Insulin or insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1) stimulation is shown to represent growth factor signaling. Upon activation the insulin receptor (IR) phosphorylates insulin receptor substrate (IRS), which activates phosphatidylinositol 3-kinas ...
machinery pre-mRNA in sensing defects in the spliceosomal Mdm4
... rescue of proliferating KI67-positive cells, suggesting a p53-independent impairment in cell cycle progression, which most likely accounts for the lethality of the animals 20–22 d after birth (Fig. 3C, right panel). Indeed, when we derived NPCs from mice with different p53 backgrounds and cultured t ...
... rescue of proliferating KI67-positive cells, suggesting a p53-independent impairment in cell cycle progression, which most likely accounts for the lethality of the animals 20–22 d after birth (Fig. 3C, right panel). Indeed, when we derived NPCs from mice with different p53 backgrounds and cultured t ...
Programmed cell death
Programmed cell-death (or PCD) is death of a cell in any form, mediated by an intracellular program. PCD is carried out in a regulated process, which usually confers advantage during an organism's life-cycle. For example, the differentiation of fingers and toes in a developing human embryo occurs because cells between the fingers apoptose; the result is that the digits are separate. PCD serves fundamental functions during both plant and metazoa (multicellular animals) tissue development.Apoptosis and autophagy are both forms of programmed cell death, but necrosis is a non-physiological process that occurs as a result of infection or injury.Necrosis is the death of a cell caused by external factors such as trauma or infection and occurs in several different forms. Recently a form of programmed necrosis, called necroptosis, has been recognized as an alternate form of programmed cell death. It is hypothesized that necroptosis can serve as a cell-death backup to apoptosis when the apoptosis signaling is blocked by endogenous or exogenous factors such as viruses or mutations.