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Division of Clinical Pharmacology Department of Medicine and Health Sciences Linköping University
Division of Clinical Pharmacology Department of Medicine and Health Sciences Linköping University

... CONCLUSIONS ............................................................................................................................ 37 FUTURE PERSPECTIVES ............................................................................................................................................ ...
prefilled syringes
prefilled syringes

... more liquid than the actual dose in order for the correct amount to be withdrawn, so the excess formulation is wasted. Especially with expensive biotech products, elimination of wastage allows the manufacturer to make significant cost savings. Prefilled syringes reduce wastage of pharmaceutical prod ...
EBOLA and FDA: reviewing the response to the 2014 outbreak, to
EBOLA and FDA: reviewing the response to the 2014 outbreak, to

... was inconclusive, the reported symptoms—including diarrhea, vomiting, and severe dehydration—‘appeared similar to those of cholera, one of the area’s many endemic infectious diseases’.28 A second, larger investigation also supported the conclusion that the unknown disease was likely cholera.29 An in ...
DEVELOPMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF TRANSDERMAL PATCHES OF ONDANSETRON HYDROCHLORIDE  Research Article
DEVELOPMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF TRANSDERMAL PATCHES OF ONDANSETRON HYDROCHLORIDE Research Article

... method was found to give thin uniform patches. Ex vivo permeation studies of formulations were performed by using Franz diffusion cells. It was observed that the formulation B3 shows better extended release up to 12 hrs and followed Korsmeyers–Peppas model in dissolution study. The release rate foun ...
annexure – ii - Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences
annexure – ii - Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences

... nature of the surfactant molecule. Surfactants typically contain discrete hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions, which allow them to orient at polar–non polar interfaces, such as water/air interfaces. Once the interface is saturated, the surfactants selfassociate to form micelles and other aggregates, ...
Adverse drug reactions in patients with gastroenterological diseases
Adverse drug reactions in patients with gastroenterological diseases

... diarrhoea, changes in the vitamine K-dependant coagulatory system and often caused electrolyte disturbances and liver disorders. Antibiotics and diuretics also played a major role in the liver disease group and were responsible for disorders similar to those shown in patients with biliary diseases. ...
IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences (IOSRJPBS)
IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences (IOSRJPBS)

... Preparation of Linearity curve: To construct Beer’s law plot for atenolol and chlorthalidone different aliquots of atenolol (1-6ml) with different concentrations (10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 µg mL-1) and chlorthalidone (3-14ml) with different concentrations (30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, ...
Committee on Drugs 1997;99;918 DOI: 10.1542/peds.99.6.918
Committee on Drugs 1997;99;918 DOI: 10.1542/peds.99.6.918

... in place of codeine or dextromethorphan. Prescription medications may substitute other narcotic agents (hydrocodone or hydromorphone) for codeine and may be more addictive than codeine.2,3 In addition, many of these cough products are elixirs, which may contain up to 25% alcohol by volume.3 The over ...
PSAPVII_Book4_ Pediatrics.indb
PSAPVII_Book4_ Pediatrics.indb

... when no information on dosing, efficacy, or safety in the pediatric population was available. That lack of information was reflected by the absence of pediatric dosing information in U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved labeling, which meant these drugs were being used off-label. At the ...
Master-Thesis
Master-Thesis

... Also the situation in Africa as described above is very serious other parts of the world also show their deficiencies. An example of existing but insufficient regulations is given by the Ukraine. Here import and export of counterfeit goods is prohibited under the Customs code, however their destruct ...


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... Progressive loss of bone (all bones) and disruption of bone architecture leading to a weak & fragile skeleton that is prone to fractures - particularly spine, hip & ...
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Medical Conditions and Medications Impacting on Falls, Injury and

... Progressive loss of bone (all bones) and disruption of bone architecture leading to a weak & fragile skeleton that is prone to fractures - particularly spine, hip & ...
University of Groningen Combining the incompatible Drooge
University of Groningen Combining the incompatible Drooge

... molecules. Capsules can be used to deliver the drug in dissolved state to the gastrointestinal tract, and surfactants keep the drug solubilized when it is exposed to the aqueous intestinal fluids. For example, this strategy has been successfully applied for danazol. The bioavailability of a capsule ...
19 Improving  the  Oral  Absorption  of S-SEDDS Formulations
19 Improving the Oral Absorption of S-SEDDS Formulations

... SEDDS and S-SEDDS are self-emulsifying formulations of poorly soluble drugs that contain both a surfactant and lipid, along with a co-solvent, and they are usually formulated in gelatin capsules. Dilution of SEDDS or S-SEDDS formulations with water results in the generation of a microemulsion with a ...
Prescription Drug Cost Sharing - Associations With Medication and
Prescription Drug Cost Sharing - Associations With Medication and

... number of prescriptions they receive. Poor features include analyses that do not control for other factors that might be changing, including observations before and after a benefit change with no control group. These designs include (but are not limited to) many international studies in which co-pay ...
Patterns of Drug-induced Liver Injury
Patterns of Drug-induced Liver Injury

... 1. Some hepatotoxic drug agents may induce a “second wave” of inflammatory/immune mediated liver injury 2. Some hepatitic drug reactions may be associated with disproportionately severe zonal necrosis, suggesting a component of cytopathic injury (e.g. halothane) ...
formulation and evaluation of mouth dissolving tablets
formulation and evaluation of mouth dissolving tablets

... ANUPAMA KALIA, SHELLY KHURANA, NEENA BEDI* Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar (Punjab), India. *e-mail:neenagndu@yahoo.com ...
Combination Homeopathy Products in the Retail Setting
Combination Homeopathy Products in the Retail Setting

... for the remedies on the labels because, in some cases, the Latin name is necessary to distinguish between drugs that are derived from a number of different species within a particular genus. The HPUS lists official short names that can be used in place of the longer, Latin names. Because a single in ...
Programme and book of abstracts
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... Chair: Annette Sprong, Netherlands Forensic Institute, The Hague, The Netherlands O10 – A Metabolomics Study of Retrospective Forensic Data from Whole Blood Samples of Humans Exposed to 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine: A New Approach for Identifying Drug Metabolites and Changes in Metabolism Relat ...
Formulation Development Of Ibuprofen Using
Formulation Development Of Ibuprofen Using

... The skin is the largest organ of the human body with a surface area of about 80m2. This offers a large opportunity for transdermal drug delivery. The skin offers an important role in selective entrance of molecules and preventing entry of harmful ones. Therefore, topical drug administration has prov ...
Paracetamol and Ibuprofen for Paediatric Pain and Fever
Paracetamol and Ibuprofen for Paediatric Pain and Fever

... of action of six to eight hours (Table 2). Ibuprofen is extensively bound to plasma proteins and is mainly metabolised in the liver by CYP2C9. While mutations (e.g. CYP2C9*3/*3) can result in up to 50% reduction in ...
The impact of polypharmacology on chemical biology Albert Antolín Hernández
The impact of polypharmacology on chemical biology Albert Antolín Hernández

... drug promiscuity and with ongoing academic efforts to rationally design multitarget drugs. Drug discovery is, slowly, becoming a more holistic endeavor. Unfortunately, this holistic perspective is not permeating to other disciplines. Since the 1990s, the field of chemical biology has emerged to use ...
Overview on Buccal Drug Delivery Systems
Overview on Buccal Drug Delivery Systems

... be achieved relative to the oral route and the formulation can be removed if therapy is required to be discontinued. It is also possible to administer drugs to patients who unconscious and less co-operative. To prevent accidental swallowing of drugs adhesive mucosal dosage forms were suggested for o ...
1. Results of Operations (1) Analysis of Consolidated
1. Results of Operations (1) Analysis of Consolidated

... term global pharmaceutical market growth. In July 2012, Takeda acquired Multilab Indústria e Comércio de Produtos Farmacêuticos Ltda. (“Multilab”) and developed a sales structure to respond to diverse medical needs in Brazil. Multilab provides its own brand generic drugs (branded drugs that have los ...
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Orphan drug

An orphan drug is a pharmaceutical agent that has been developed specifically to treat a rare medical condition, the condition itself being referred to as an orphan disease.In the US and EU it is easier to gain marketing approval for an orphan drug, and there may be other financial incentives, such as extended exclusivity periods, all intended to encourage the development of drugs which might otherwise lack a sufficient profit motive. The assignment of orphan status to a disease and to any drugs developed to treat it is a matter of public policy in many countries, and has resulted in medical breakthroughs that may not have otherwise been achieved due to the economics of drug research and development.According to Thomson Reuters in their 2012 publication ""The Economic Power of Orphan Drugs"", there has been increased investing in orphan drug Research and Development partly due to the U. S. Orphan Drug Act (ODA) 1983 and similar Acts in other regions of the world and also driven by ""high-profile philanthropic funding."" The period between 2001 to 2011 was the ""most productive period in the history of orphan drug development, in terms of average annual orphan drug designations and orphan drug approvals."" For the same decade the compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of the orphan drugs was an ""impressive 25.8 percent, compared to only 20.1 percent for a matched control group of non-orphan drugs."" By 2012 the market for orphan drugs was worth USD$637 million compared to the USD$638 million matched control group of non-orphan drugs, Thomson Reuters.By 2012, ""the revenue-generating potential of orphan drugs [was] as great as for non-orphan drugs, even though patient populations for rare diseases are significantly smaller. Moreover, we suggest that orphan drugs have greater profitability when considered in the full context of developmental drivers including government financial incentives, smaller clinical trial sizes, shorter clinical trial times and higher rates of regulatory success.""
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