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Genetic Control of Seed Shattering in Rice by the
Genetic Control of Seed Shattering in Rice by the

... resulting from loss of AZ for the shat1 mutant, we therefore adopted it as a standard shat1 phenotype (Figure 1J). All F1 progeny deriving from the cross between shat1 and the wild type showed the same phenotypes of seed shattering as wild-type plants and without the crook-neck-like rachilla. In the ...
The Arabidopsis Protein SHI Represses
The Arabidopsis Protein SHI Represses

2008 answer key
2008 answer key

... 3. b) Correct. It is thought that all humans are so closely related to each other that there is only one human species, and it has no subspecies. 4. c) Correct. These two are the only pair that are in the same species. The biological species definition says that a species is a group of organisms tha ...
Breeding of Pest and Disease Resistant Potato Cultivars in Japan by
Breeding of Pest and Disease Resistant Potato Cultivars in Japan by

... fungicides. Eleven hypersensitivity-type resistance genes (R genes) against P. infestans had been introgressed into potato cultivars from the wild species S. demissum Lindl. (Black et al. 1953). However, the rapid emergence of new races that overcame the R genes resulted in a breakdown of resistance ...
Altered pathogenicity, immunogenicity, tissue tropism and 3`
Altered pathogenicity, immunogenicity, tissue tropism and 3`

... expressed as 50% (median) embryo infectious doses (EID50) [9, 37]. Serial l0-fold dilutions were used for titrations. At each dilution, five embryos received 0.1 mL inoculum. The embryos were candled daily and examined for one week; those showing characteristic IBV lesions, such as dwarfing, stuntin ...
Misregulation of pre-mRNA splicing that causes human diseases
Misregulation of pre-mRNA splicing that causes human diseases

Molecular survey and characterization of a novel Anaplasma
Molecular survey and characterization of a novel Anaplasma

... The first-round PCR was carried out with previously published primers [5]; the primers for the second-round amplification and the primers targeting 16S rRNA and groEL genes were designed based on the corresponding sequences of A. capra HLJ-14 using Primer Premier 5.0 software (PREMIER Biosoft Intern ...
Non-Cell-Autonomous Regulation of Root Hair
Non-Cell-Autonomous Regulation of Root Hair

... We tested the ability of WRKY75 protein to bind to the CPC promoter using a yeast one-hybrid assay. It is well established that WRKY proteins can bind to sixnucleotide-long consensus sequences (C/TTGACT/C) ...
Jalasvuori_Vehicl
Jalasvuori_Vehicl

... to propose a model where viruses are seen essentially as a cellular life form that can also have an extracellular state [7, 8]. Virus is not strictly equivalent to the protein-enclosed viral genome. Rather, the extracellular form of a virus should be denoted as a virion, and this virion should not b ...
Liposomal Formulations for Nucleic Acid Delivery
Liposomal Formulations for Nucleic Acid Delivery

Emended description of the order Chlamydiales, proposal of
Emended description of the order Chlamydiales, proposal of

... Sequence and phylogenetic analysis. Oligonucleotide primer synthesis and DNA sequencing were performed by the Iowa State University DNA Sequencing and Synthesis Facility, Ames, IA, USA. Both the coding and the complementary strands were sequenced. The Sequencher data analysis software (Gene Codes) w ...
Mutation - FSU Biology
Mutation - FSU Biology

... mutations. The exception is reciprocal recombination, where both homologous DNA sequences are broken and rejoined at the same point. This does change the DNA sequence, but its reciprocal nature conserves information. Small-scale alterations of one or a few base pairs are mostly caused by errors in D ...
Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

... However, there are still organisms that can grow anaerobically, and even those that can survive under both conditions. The question is what the difference is between these organisms. Why can some grow only in the presence of molecular oxygen, some only in the absence, and are some able to withstand ...
Age-related macular degeneration: a perspective on genetic studies
Age-related macular degeneration: a perspective on genetic studies

... initially for its association with Alzheimer disease due to the presence of increase amyloid b-peptides deposition in cerebral cortex.39 The role of ApoE has also been investigated extensively to understand the aetiology of AMD. This polymorphic protein plays an important role in lipid metabolism an ...
Genetic Analysis of Amino Acid Accumulation in
Genetic Analysis of Amino Acid Accumulation in

... level of Lys ketoglutarate reductase- saccaropine dehydrogenase is an important factor responsible for the high level of free Lys in mature endosperm. Damerval and Le Guilloux (1998) found that acetohydroxyacid synthase, the enzyme catalyzing the first common step in the synthesis of branched amino ...
Determination of De Novo Synthesized Amino Acids in Cellular
Determination of De Novo Synthesized Amino Acids in Cellular

... proline was largely decreased. Apparently, hypoosmotic conditions stimulate the synthesis of proteins or peptides with a high proline content. The results show that already after 2 h of incubation with [U-13C]glucose there is a pronounced flux of 13C label into the cellular proteins, which is usuall ...
Chapter 13
Chapter 13

... Inheritance of Genes • Genes are the units of heredity, and are made up of segments of DNA • Genes are passed to the next generation via reproductive cells called gametes (sperm and eggs) • Each gene has a specific location called a locus on a certain chromosome • Most DNA is packaged into chromoso ...
chapter2 review of literature
chapter2 review of literature

... 2.2.1 Modification of fatty acid composition in plant storage oils: problems, progress and prospects Vegetable oils may sometimes lack the properties best suited for their intended use. For instance, they could have undesirable nutritional attributes such as high proportion of saturated fatty acids ...
Detection of chromosome 2 and chromosome 7 within X-ray
Detection of chromosome 2 and chromosome 7 within X-ray

... the same chromosomes (Table II) within a binucleated lymphocyte is not surprising; their packing into different micronuclei can be expected because of the spatial location of the fragments belonging to the same damaged chromosome. The targets of the damaging action of colchicine are the microtubules ...
Fatty acids - Haverford Alchemy
Fatty acids - Haverford Alchemy

... unsaturated fat can lower the serum cholesterol level. • High levels of cholesterol are correlated with atherosclerosis, and an increased risk of coronary artery disease and heart attack or stroke. • Risk factors for heart disease: High blood levels of cholesterol and low levels of high-density lipo ...
CIBI3031-091 Midterm Examination III November 2005
CIBI3031-091 Midterm Examination III November 2005

... ____ 36. Red-green color blindness is an X-linked recessive trait in humans. A color-blind woman and a man with normal vision have a son. What is the probability that the son is color blind? a. 100 percent b. 50 percent c. 75 percent ____ 37. If ALL offspring of a cross have the genotype Aa, the par ...
CIBI3031-070 Midterm Examination III November 2005
CIBI3031-070 Midterm Examination III November 2005

... ____ 29. Mendel found that pea plants expressing a recessive trait a. were pure-breeding. b. appeared only in the first generation offspring of a cross between two pure-breeding plants expressing contrasting forms of a trait. c. both of these ____ 30. In mitosis, if a parent cell has 16 chromosomes, ...
PDF - Geoff McFadden`s Lab
PDF - Geoff McFadden`s Lab

... The apicoplast is non-photosynthetic, so how does it obtain energy, REDUCING POWER and components, particularly carbon, for anabolic synthesis. Plant and algal plastids typically satisfy these requirements by photosynthesis. We hypothesized that the carbon and energy systems of the apicoplast would ...
View PDF - DNA and Natural Algorithms Group
View PDF - DNA and Natural Algorithms Group

... they can be considered to be doppelgangers of the molecules that may have existed in the early RNA world. By studying the properties of these selected RNAs, we may also garner some insight into the nature and propensities of the RNA world. 2. What in vitro selection tells us about functional RNAs 2. ...
Bacterial hemoglobins and flavohemoglobins: versatile proteins and
Bacterial hemoglobins and flavohemoglobins: versatile proteins and

... the respiring cells. Very recently, two hexacoordinate Hbs have been discovered in mammals : a Hb present preferentially in the brain called neuroglobin, and an ubiquitously expressed Hb designated histoglobin or, alternatively, cytoglobin [3^5]. Neuroglobin has been suggested to protect neurons fro ...
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Artificial gene synthesis

Artificial gene synthesis is a method in synthetic biology that is used to create artificial genes in the laboratory. Currently based on solid-phase DNA synthesis, it differs from molecular cloning and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in that the user does not have to begin with preexisting DNA sequences. Therefore, it is possible to make a completely synthetic double-stranded DNA molecule with no apparent limits on either nucleotide sequence or size. The method has been used to generate functional bacterial or yeast chromosomes containing approximately one million base pairs. Recent research also suggests the possibility of creating novel nucleobase pairs in addition to the two base pairs in nature, which could greatly expand the possibility of expanding the genetic code.Synthesis of the first complete gene, a yeast tRNA, was demonstrated by Har Gobind Khorana and coworkers in 1972. Synthesis of the first peptide- and protein-coding genes was performed in the laboratories of Herbert Boyer and Alexander Markham, respectively.Commercial gene synthesis services are now available from numerous companies worldwide, some of which have built their business model around this task. Current gene synthesis approaches are most often based on a combination of organic chemistry and molecular biological techniques and entire genes may be synthesized ""de novo"", without the need for precursor template DNA. Gene synthesis has become an important tool in many fields of recombinant DNA technology including heterologous gene expression, vaccine development, gene therapy and molecular engineering. The synthesis of nucleic acid sequences is often more economical than classical cloning and mutagenesis procedures.
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