Chapter 5. An Overview of Organic Reactions
... double or triple bonds between carbon atoms AROMTAIC HYDROCARBONS: hydrocarbons that contain benzene rings or similar features ...
... double or triple bonds between carbon atoms AROMTAIC HYDROCARBONS: hydrocarbons that contain benzene rings or similar features ...
Alkanes
... carbon atom bonded to an electronegative atom. - Alkyl halides have a carbon-halogen bond; - Alcohol have a carbon-oxygen bond; - Ethers have two carbons bonded to the same oxygen atom; and - Amines have a carbon-nitrogen bond. The remaining families have functional groups that contain a carbon-oxyg ...
... carbon atom bonded to an electronegative atom. - Alkyl halides have a carbon-halogen bond; - Alcohol have a carbon-oxygen bond; - Ethers have two carbons bonded to the same oxygen atom; and - Amines have a carbon-nitrogen bond. The remaining families have functional groups that contain a carbon-oxyg ...
organic chem notes
... lines only if it proves to have the most amount of carbon atoms in its chain. Number the carbons in the parent chain starting from the end closest to the branch(es) so that the substituents will have the smallest possible numbers. 2. Next, find each alkyl branch and assign it a number according to w ...
... lines only if it proves to have the most amount of carbon atoms in its chain. Number the carbons in the parent chain starting from the end closest to the branch(es) so that the substituents will have the smallest possible numbers. 2. Next, find each alkyl branch and assign it a number according to w ...
File
... cis-trans isomerism; a special case of E/Z isomerism in which two of the substituent groups are the same; describe a ‘curly arrow’ as the movement of an electron pair, showing either breaking or formation of a covalent bond; outline reaction mechanisms, using diagrams, to show clearly the movement o ...
... cis-trans isomerism; a special case of E/Z isomerism in which two of the substituent groups are the same; describe a ‘curly arrow’ as the movement of an electron pair, showing either breaking or formation of a covalent bond; outline reaction mechanisms, using diagrams, to show clearly the movement o ...
Chapter 22
... The simplest alkyne is C2H2 called acetylyne In a triple bond there is one sigma bond and two pi bonds. Replace the –ane ending –yne Alkenes and alkynes can exist as ringed structures as well. ...
... The simplest alkyne is C2H2 called acetylyne In a triple bond there is one sigma bond and two pi bonds. Replace the –ane ending –yne Alkenes and alkynes can exist as ringed structures as well. ...
Unit 3 Organic Chemistry - Corner Brook Regional High
... atoms bonded in chains or rings with only single, double, or triple bonds aromatic hydrocarbons contain at least one 6 carbon benzene ring ...
... atoms bonded in chains or rings with only single, double, or triple bonds aromatic hydrocarbons contain at least one 6 carbon benzene ring ...
Organic Chemistry
... Used as fuels. Long chains have higher boiling points, short chains are only gases at room temperature. “Saturated” make butane (rotating bonds) ...
... Used as fuels. Long chains have higher boiling points, short chains are only gases at room temperature. “Saturated” make butane (rotating bonds) ...
Chemistry 199 - Department of Chemistry | Oregon State University
... 16. 3-ethyl-2-methylpentane 17. 3-ethyl-3-methylpentane 18. 2,2,3,3-tetramethylbutane ...
... 16. 3-ethyl-2-methylpentane 17. 3-ethyl-3-methylpentane 18. 2,2,3,3-tetramethylbutane ...
Naming Organic Compounds
... Originally compounds were named based on their source or use Many organic compounds were given common names which are still in use However many ambiguities resulted With the large number of organic compounds, a method for systematically naming them is very important ...
... Originally compounds were named based on their source or use Many organic compounds were given common names which are still in use However many ambiguities resulted With the large number of organic compounds, a method for systematically naming them is very important ...
Functional Groups
... Are unsaturated hydrocarbons (contain ONLY hydrogen and carbon atoms) which contain one or more triple bonds between carbon atoms. E.g. ethyne H C C H ...
... Are unsaturated hydrocarbons (contain ONLY hydrogen and carbon atoms) which contain one or more triple bonds between carbon atoms. E.g. ethyne H C C H ...
4 Organic and Biochemical Compounds
... atom. A carbon atom forms a double bond if it shares two of its electrons with another atom. A carbon atom forms a triple bond if it shares three of its electrons. A carbon atom cannot form more than four total bonds at one time. ...
... atom. A carbon atom forms a double bond if it shares two of its electrons with another atom. A carbon atom forms a triple bond if it shares three of its electrons. A carbon atom cannot form more than four total bonds at one time. ...
Functional Groups - World of Teaching
... thousand powerpoints submitted by teachers. This is a completely free site and requires no registration. Please visit and I hope it will help in your teaching. ...
... thousand powerpoints submitted by teachers. This is a completely free site and requires no registration. Please visit and I hope it will help in your teaching. ...
mc_ch22 - WordPress.com
... • Hydrocarbons that do not contain the maximum amount of hydrogen are referred to as unsaturated. • Unsaturated hydrocarbons are hydrocarbons in which not all carbon atoms have four single covalent bonds. • An unsaturated hydrocarbon has one or more double bonds or triple bonds between carbon atoms. ...
... • Hydrocarbons that do not contain the maximum amount of hydrogen are referred to as unsaturated. • Unsaturated hydrocarbons are hydrocarbons in which not all carbon atoms have four single covalent bonds. • An unsaturated hydrocarbon has one or more double bonds or triple bonds between carbon atoms. ...
Branched-Chain Alkanes
... – The electron pair in a carbon-hydrogen or a carbon-carbon bond is shared almost equally by the nuclei of the atoms forming the bond. – Thus, hydrocarbons are nonpolar molecules. • The attractions between nonpolar molecules are weak van der Waals forces. • So, hydrocarbons with low molar masses ten ...
... – The electron pair in a carbon-hydrogen or a carbon-carbon bond is shared almost equally by the nuclei of the atoms forming the bond. – Thus, hydrocarbons are nonpolar molecules. • The attractions between nonpolar molecules are weak van der Waals forces. • So, hydrocarbons with low molar masses ten ...
Student
... • Unique bonding of Carbon 1) four valence electrons 2) relative small size, making covalent bonds very stable. ...
... • Unique bonding of Carbon 1) four valence electrons 2) relative small size, making covalent bonds very stable. ...
Organic Nomenclature Notes
... metals, etc, and organic: plant life, animals, plastics, etc. The simplest organic compounds are made up of only two elements: carbon and hydrogen. Compounds such as these are called hydrocarbons. There is an extremely large number of hydrocarbons known to science. As a result, a classification sche ...
... metals, etc, and organic: plant life, animals, plastics, etc. The simplest organic compounds are made up of only two elements: carbon and hydrogen. Compounds such as these are called hydrocarbons. There is an extremely large number of hydrocarbons known to science. As a result, a classification sche ...
Practice: Chapter 21
... 14.Alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes are nonpolar compounds with relatively low melting and boiling points and low solubilities in water. The double bonds of alkenes cause them to be more reactive than alkanes. Alkynes are generally even more reactive than alkenes because of their triple bonds. 15.Yes; ...
... 14.Alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes are nonpolar compounds with relatively low melting and boiling points and low solubilities in water. The double bonds of alkenes cause them to be more reactive than alkanes. Alkynes are generally even more reactive than alkenes because of their triple bonds. 15.Yes; ...
Name
... hydro- = water (hydrocarbon: an organic molecule consisting only of carbon and hydrogen) iso- = equal (isomer: one of several organic compounds with the same molecular formula but different structures and, therefore, different properties) enanti- = opposite (enantiomer: molecules that are mirror ima ...
... hydro- = water (hydrocarbon: an organic molecule consisting only of carbon and hydrogen) iso- = equal (isomer: one of several organic compounds with the same molecular formula but different structures and, therefore, different properties) enanti- = opposite (enantiomer: molecules that are mirror ima ...
Organic Compounds
... Branches are named using the same rules for alkanes. Number the branches starting at the same end used to number the multiple bond. ...
... Branches are named using the same rules for alkanes. Number the branches starting at the same end used to number the multiple bond. ...
Chapter 4 Alkanes
... H σ bonds. They can be categorized as acyclic or cyclic. • Acyclic alkanes have the molecular formula CnH2n+2 (where n = an integer) and contain only linear and branched chains of carbon atoms. They are also called saturated hydrocarbons because they have the maximum number of hydrogen atoms per car ...
... H σ bonds. They can be categorized as acyclic or cyclic. • Acyclic alkanes have the molecular formula CnH2n+2 (where n = an integer) and contain only linear and branched chains of carbon atoms. They are also called saturated hydrocarbons because they have the maximum number of hydrogen atoms per car ...
Alkane
In organic chemistry, an alkane, or paraffin (a historical name that also has other meanings), is a saturated hydrocarbon. Alkanes consist only of hydrogen and carbon atoms and all bonds are single bonds. Alkanes (technically, always acyclic or open-chain compounds) have the general chemical formula CnH2n+2. For example, Methane is CH4, in which n=1 (n being the number of Carbon atoms). Alkanes belong to a homologous series of organic compounds in which the members differ by a molecular mass of 14.03u (mass of a methanediyl group, —CH2—, one carbon atom of mass 12.01u, and two hydrogen atoms of mass ≈1.01u each). There are two main commercial sources: petroleum (crude oil) and natural gas.Each carbon atom has 4 bonds (either C-H or C-C bonds), and each hydrogen atom is joined to a carbon atom (H-C bonds). A series of linked carbon atoms is known as the carbon skeleton or carbon backbone. The number of carbon atoms is used to define the size of the alkane e.g., C2-alkane.An alkyl group, generally abbreviated with the symbol R, is a functional group or side-chain that, like an alkane, consists solely of single-bonded carbon and hydrogen atoms, for example a methyl or ethyl group.The simplest possible alkane (the parent molecule) is methane, CH4. There is no limit to the number of carbon atoms that can be linked together, the only limitation being that the molecule is acyclic, is saturated, and is a hydrocarbon. Waxes include examples of larger alkanes where the number of carbons in the carbon backbone is greater than about 17, above which the compounds are solids at standard ambient temperature and pressure (SATP).Alkanes are not very reactive and have little biological activity. All alkanes are colourless and odourless. Alkanes can be viewed as a molecular tree upon which can be hung the more biologically active/reactive portions (functional groups) of the molecule.