Organic and Biochemical Compounds
... – The carbon atoms in any alkane with more than three carbon atoms can have more than one possible arrangement. – Carbon atom chains may have many branches, and they can even form rings. • Alkane chemical formulas usually follow a pattern. – The number of hydrogen atoms is always two more than twice ...
... – The carbon atoms in any alkane with more than three carbon atoms can have more than one possible arrangement. – Carbon atom chains may have many branches, and they can even form rings. • Alkane chemical formulas usually follow a pattern. – The number of hydrogen atoms is always two more than twice ...
Chapter #2 - FIU Faculty Websites
... With two or more carbons, multiple bonds are possible z Alkenes contain one or more carbon-carbon double bonds z Alkynes contain one or more carbon-carbon triple bonds z Aromatic hydrocarbons contain benzene-like stable structures ...
... With two or more carbons, multiple bonds are possible z Alkenes contain one or more carbon-carbon double bonds z Alkynes contain one or more carbon-carbon triple bonds z Aromatic hydrocarbons contain benzene-like stable structures ...
Naming organic compounds
... Indicate the position of the branches with a number, numbering from the end nearest the functional group. If there is more than one branch, the branches are identified in alphabetical order ignoring any di, tri etc. Be aware! Each branch needs to be numbered individually, even if they are attached t ...
... Indicate the position of the branches with a number, numbering from the end nearest the functional group. If there is more than one branch, the branches are identified in alphabetical order ignoring any di, tri etc. Be aware! Each branch needs to be numbered individually, even if they are attached t ...
9.1-10.5 Organic Chemistry
... Include Aspirin and Vanillin (one of the flavour molecules in vanilla) You will notice many aromatic molecules are often depicted using a condensed structural formula except for the benzene ring, which is shown as a line structural formula. This combination is commonly used by chemists, and we w ...
... Include Aspirin and Vanillin (one of the flavour molecules in vanilla) You will notice many aromatic molecules are often depicted using a condensed structural formula except for the benzene ring, which is shown as a line structural formula. This combination is commonly used by chemists, and we w ...
21. Characterization of the Organic Matter in a Site 147 Core from
... difficult to characterize. Degradation by oxidation or by pyrolysis mainly yields small molecules that are difficult to relate to the structure of the material. Higher molecular weight substances, with possibly more structural significance, are produced in very low yield. The benzene-methanol extrac ...
... difficult to characterize. Degradation by oxidation or by pyrolysis mainly yields small molecules that are difficult to relate to the structure of the material. Higher molecular weight substances, with possibly more structural significance, are produced in very low yield. The benzene-methanol extrac ...
Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life
... associated with an atom, and that can participate in the formation of a chemical bond • This ability makes large, complex molecules possible • In molecules with multiple carbons, each carbon bonded to four other atoms has a tetrahedral shape • However, when two carbon atoms are joined by a double bo ...
... associated with an atom, and that can participate in the formation of a chemical bond • This ability makes large, complex molecules possible • In molecules with multiple carbons, each carbon bonded to four other atoms has a tetrahedral shape • However, when two carbon atoms are joined by a double bo ...
Chem12 SM Unit 1 Review final new ok revised
... molecule that affect the properties of the compound, such as solubility, melting point, boiling point, and chemical reactivity. Organic molecules are classified according to their functional groups. 99. Methene is not an appropriate name for a compound because the prefix methindicates a single carbo ...
... molecule that affect the properties of the compound, such as solubility, melting point, boiling point, and chemical reactivity. Organic molecules are classified according to their functional groups. 99. Methene is not an appropriate name for a compound because the prefix methindicates a single carbo ...
Hydrocarbons - New York Science Teacher
... - Notice there are four carbons in the longest continuous chain (Butane) -You can # from either end because of the location of the attached “methyl” groups - Since there are two “methyl” groups you must use the prefix “di” (dimethyl) - Notice that one is on carbon 2 and the other on carbon 3 - So th ...
... - Notice there are four carbons in the longest continuous chain (Butane) -You can # from either end because of the location of the attached “methyl” groups - Since there are two “methyl” groups you must use the prefix “di” (dimethyl) - Notice that one is on carbon 2 and the other on carbon 3 - So th ...
Chapter 2: Nomenclature and Structure
... 1. systematic (IUPAC) vs common a. every name is unique to one molecule b. IUPAC gives one name to every molecule, though it may have several common names c. IUPAC has prefix-stem (or root)-suffix i. prefixes are substituent(s) (may be more than one) ii. root/stem is parent molecule iii. suffix func ...
... 1. systematic (IUPAC) vs common a. every name is unique to one molecule b. IUPAC gives one name to every molecule, though it may have several common names c. IUPAC has prefix-stem (or root)-suffix i. prefixes are substituent(s) (may be more than one) ii. root/stem is parent molecule iii. suffix func ...
Document
... NAT: UCP.1 | B.2 STA: S.11.C.1.1.2 TOP: Describe the structures of alkanes. KEY: Structure and formula of alkane MSC: 2 15. ANS: a Butane is used as a domestic fuel because it readily undergoes combustion in oxygen to produce a huge quantity of heat and energy. b Butane does not dissolve in water be ...
... NAT: UCP.1 | B.2 STA: S.11.C.1.1.2 TOP: Describe the structures of alkanes. KEY: Structure and formula of alkane MSC: 2 15. ANS: a Butane is used as a domestic fuel because it readily undergoes combustion in oxygen to produce a huge quantity of heat and energy. b Butane does not dissolve in water be ...
Organic Chemistry
... Rules for naming branched alkanes Find the longest chain of carbons in the molecule or parent chain. (not necessarily a straight line) 2. Number the carbons in parent chain. Start at the end that will give the groups attached to the chain the smallest numbers. 3. Identify with numbers the positions ...
... Rules for naming branched alkanes Find the longest chain of carbons in the molecule or parent chain. (not necessarily a straight line) 2. Number the carbons in parent chain. Start at the end that will give the groups attached to the chain the smallest numbers. 3. Identify with numbers the positions ...
Powerpoint - Naming alcohols and their physical properties
... • the OH replaces an H in a basic hydrocarbon skeleton ...
... • the OH replaces an H in a basic hydrocarbon skeleton ...
Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids
... • Can aldehydes and ketones set up hydrogen bonds with each other? • Can they set them up with water? ...
... • Can aldehydes and ketones set up hydrogen bonds with each other? • Can they set them up with water? ...
File - Mr. Heff`s Class
... For disubstituted benzenes, there are three possible isomers. The three possible combinations are: 1 and 2, 1 and 3, and 1 and 4. IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) recognizes the use of special letter prefixes for disubstituted benzenes in place of these numbers: ortho means ...
... For disubstituted benzenes, there are three possible isomers. The three possible combinations are: 1 and 2, 1 and 3, and 1 and 4. IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) recognizes the use of special letter prefixes for disubstituted benzenes in place of these numbers: ortho means ...
Section 2 Hydrocarbons Chapter 22
... Unsaturated Hydrocarbons • Hydrocarbons that do not contain the maximum amount of hydrogen are referred to as unsaturated. • Unsaturated hydrocarbons are hydrocarbons in which not all carbon atoms have four single covalent bonds. • An unsaturated hydrocarbon has one or more double bonds or triple bo ...
... Unsaturated Hydrocarbons • Hydrocarbons that do not contain the maximum amount of hydrogen are referred to as unsaturated. • Unsaturated hydrocarbons are hydrocarbons in which not all carbon atoms have four single covalent bonds. • An unsaturated hydrocarbon has one or more double bonds or triple bo ...
Carbon and Molecular Diversity
... to a hydrogen, with the second bond of the oxygen free to attach to the carbon chain (-OH). • Hydroxyl functional groups confer properties of an alcohol to hydrocarbons. • Hydroxyl functional groups are polar (the oxygen end's electronegativity), and attract water. This helps dissolve in water those ...
... to a hydrogen, with the second bond of the oxygen free to attach to the carbon chain (-OH). • Hydroxyl functional groups confer properties of an alcohol to hydrocarbons. • Hydroxyl functional groups are polar (the oxygen end's electronegativity), and attract water. This helps dissolve in water those ...
3. Organic Compounds: Alkanes and
... In disubstituted cyclohexanes the steric effects of both substituents must be taken into account in both conformations There are two isomers of 1,2-dimethylcyclohexane. cis and trans In the cis isomer, both methyl groups are on the same face of the ring, and the compound can exist in two chair confo ...
... In disubstituted cyclohexanes the steric effects of both substituents must be taken into account in both conformations There are two isomers of 1,2-dimethylcyclohexane. cis and trans In the cis isomer, both methyl groups are on the same face of the ring, and the compound can exist in two chair confo ...
Nature’s Chemistry
... hydrocarbons called alkanes, these alcohols can also be called alkanols. The alkanols are a homologous series with the general formula CnH2n+1OH ...
... hydrocarbons called alkanes, these alcohols can also be called alkanols. The alkanols are a homologous series with the general formula CnH2n+1OH ...
Chapter 9 Compounds of carbon
... • Alkanols are named by dropping the ‘e’ at the end of the hydrocarbon name and replacing it with ‘ol’. • Carboxylic acid: The name of carboxylic acids is determined from the total number of carbon atoms in the molecule, and -oic acid is added at the end of the name. • Amines are named by adding -am ...
... • Alkanols are named by dropping the ‘e’ at the end of the hydrocarbon name and replacing it with ‘ol’. • Carboxylic acid: The name of carboxylic acids is determined from the total number of carbon atoms in the molecule, and -oic acid is added at the end of the name. • Amines are named by adding -am ...
The Chemistry of Life: Organic Compounds
... The properties of the major classes of biologically important organic compounds — carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids — are largely a consequence of the types and arrangement of functional groups they contain. When we know what kinds of functional groups are present in an organic comp ...
... The properties of the major classes of biologically important organic compounds — carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids — are largely a consequence of the types and arrangement of functional groups they contain. When we know what kinds of functional groups are present in an organic comp ...
Carbon is the most important element to living things
... atom has unique properties that allow it to form covalent bonds to as many as four different atoms, making this versatile element ideal to serve as the basic structural component, or "backbone," of the macromolecules. ...
... atom has unique properties that allow it to form covalent bonds to as many as four different atoms, making this versatile element ideal to serve as the basic structural component, or "backbone," of the macromolecules. ...
04_Lecture_Presentation_PC
... The Formation of Bonds with Carbon • With four valence electrons, carbon can form four covalent bonds with a variety of atoms • This ability makes large, complex molecules possible • In molecules with multiple carbons, each carbon bonded to four other atoms has a tetrahedral shape • However, when t ...
... The Formation of Bonds with Carbon • With four valence electrons, carbon can form four covalent bonds with a variety of atoms • This ability makes large, complex molecules possible • In molecules with multiple carbons, each carbon bonded to four other atoms has a tetrahedral shape • However, when t ...
Structure and Bonding in Organic Compounds
... These two isomers have different names. Isomer “A” is named 1-butene, because the double bond starts with carbon #1 in a 4-carbon chain. Isomer “B” is named 2-butene, since the double bond starts at carbon #2 in the 4-carbon chain. Now, hold your model of 2-butene such that the double bond is straig ...
... These two isomers have different names. Isomer “A” is named 1-butene, because the double bond starts with carbon #1 in a 4-carbon chain. Isomer “B” is named 2-butene, since the double bond starts at carbon #2 in the 4-carbon chain. Now, hold your model of 2-butene such that the double bond is straig ...
Alkane
In organic chemistry, an alkane, or paraffin (a historical name that also has other meanings), is a saturated hydrocarbon. Alkanes consist only of hydrogen and carbon atoms and all bonds are single bonds. Alkanes (technically, always acyclic or open-chain compounds) have the general chemical formula CnH2n+2. For example, Methane is CH4, in which n=1 (n being the number of Carbon atoms). Alkanes belong to a homologous series of organic compounds in which the members differ by a molecular mass of 14.03u (mass of a methanediyl group, —CH2—, one carbon atom of mass 12.01u, and two hydrogen atoms of mass ≈1.01u each). There are two main commercial sources: petroleum (crude oil) and natural gas.Each carbon atom has 4 bonds (either C-H or C-C bonds), and each hydrogen atom is joined to a carbon atom (H-C bonds). A series of linked carbon atoms is known as the carbon skeleton or carbon backbone. The number of carbon atoms is used to define the size of the alkane e.g., C2-alkane.An alkyl group, generally abbreviated with the symbol R, is a functional group or side-chain that, like an alkane, consists solely of single-bonded carbon and hydrogen atoms, for example a methyl or ethyl group.The simplest possible alkane (the parent molecule) is methane, CH4. There is no limit to the number of carbon atoms that can be linked together, the only limitation being that the molecule is acyclic, is saturated, and is a hydrocarbon. Waxes include examples of larger alkanes where the number of carbons in the carbon backbone is greater than about 17, above which the compounds are solids at standard ambient temperature and pressure (SATP).Alkanes are not very reactive and have little biological activity. All alkanes are colourless and odourless. Alkanes can be viewed as a molecular tree upon which can be hung the more biologically active/reactive portions (functional groups) of the molecule.