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Q1. A small mass is situated at a point on a line joining two large
Q1. A small mass is situated at a point on a line joining two large

... An unfortunate printing error, for which AQA apologises, meant that an erratum notice had to be issued for this question. This corrected the charge on Q from +6μC to –6μC. In the main, the candidates showed a good understanding of electric potential, causing the question to have a facility of 75%. W ...
Central Temperature and Density of Stars in Gravitational Equilibrium
Central Temperature and Density of Stars in Gravitational Equilibrium

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Chapter 2 notes - Clinton Public Schools
Chapter 2 notes - Clinton Public Schools

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AP 1st Qtr Exam Review Key

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Dynamics Multiple Choice Homework

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Teaching six simple machines to middle school students

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Class Notes - St. Bonaventure University
Class Notes - St. Bonaventure University

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... Newton’s laws are all a natural consequence of the conservation of momentum. His first law states that an object’s velocity will not change unless a force acts upon it. This can be approximately verified by simply pushing a cart on the track. If the tracks were infinitely long and carts were truly f ...
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kinematics of rotation of rigid bodies

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Modified Newtonian dynamics



In physics, modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) is a theory that proposes a modification of Newton's laws to account for observed properties of galaxies. Created in 1983 by Israeli physicist Mordehai Milgrom, the theory's original motivation was to explain the fact that the velocities of stars in galaxies were observed to be larger than expected based on Newtonian mechanics. Milgrom noted that this discrepancy could be resolved if the gravitational force experienced by a star in the outer regions of a galaxy was proportional to the square of its centripetal acceleration (as opposed to the centripetal acceleration itself, as in Newton's Second Law), or alternatively if gravitational force came to vary inversely with radius (as opposed to the inverse square of the radius, as in Newton's Law of Gravity). In MOND, violation of Newton's Laws occurs at extremely small accelerations, characteristic of galaxies yet far below anything typically encountered in the Solar System or on Earth.MOND is an example of a class of theories known as modified gravity, and is an alternative to the hypothesis that the dynamics of galaxies are determined by massive, invisible dark matter halos. Since Milgrom's original proposal, MOND has successfully predicted a variety of galactic phenomena that are difficult to understand from a dark matter perspective. However, MOND and its generalisations do not adequately account for observed properties of galaxy clusters, and no satisfactory cosmological model has been constructed from the theory.
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