PP - Chemistry Courses: About
... Standard Free Energy • Every reaction moves spontaneously toward equilibrium—but that could be either direction • There is a relationship between equilibrium constant and free energy of the reaction • If we start with 1M reactants and products, the free energy change of that reaction is called the ...
... Standard Free Energy • Every reaction moves spontaneously toward equilibrium—but that could be either direction • There is a relationship between equilibrium constant and free energy of the reaction • If we start with 1M reactants and products, the free energy change of that reaction is called the ...
cyt c - mustafaaltinisik.org.uk
... • Because negative charge on the phosphate is canceled by positive charge on proton no effect on Y, but effects pH and therefore PMF. ...
... • Because negative charge on the phosphate is canceled by positive charge on proton no effect on Y, but effects pH and therefore PMF. ...
No Slide Title
... Which of the following organisms use alcoholic fermentation to allow glycolysis to continue to produce ATP? ...
... Which of the following organisms use alcoholic fermentation to allow glycolysis to continue to produce ATP? ...
Cellular respiration photosynthesis
... Which of the following organisms use alcoholic fermentation to allow glycolysis to continue to produce ATP? ...
... Which of the following organisms use alcoholic fermentation to allow glycolysis to continue to produce ATP? ...
Name: ______ Date: Period: ATP, Photosynthesis and Cellular
... 29. What is the definition of Cellular Respiration?(in purple) 30. What happens during cellular respiration? 31. What’s the equation for Cellular Respiration? Stages of Cellular respiration. http://www.essortment.com/understanding-cellular-respiration26483.html 31. What are the three steps of Cellul ...
... 29. What is the definition of Cellular Respiration?(in purple) 30. What happens during cellular respiration? 31. What’s the equation for Cellular Respiration? Stages of Cellular respiration. http://www.essortment.com/understanding-cellular-respiration26483.html 31. What are the three steps of Cellul ...
Microbial Metabolism • Catabolic and Anabolic Reactions o The sum
... o In noncyclic photophosphorylation, the electrons are used to reduce NADP+. The electrons from H2O or H2S replace those lost from chlorophyll. o When H2O is oxidized by green plants, algae, and cyanobacteria, O2 is produced; when H2S is oxidized by the sulfur bacteria, S granules are produced. The ...
... o In noncyclic photophosphorylation, the electrons are used to reduce NADP+. The electrons from H2O or H2S replace those lost from chlorophyll. o When H2O is oxidized by green plants, algae, and cyanobacteria, O2 is produced; when H2S is oxidized by the sulfur bacteria, S granules are produced. The ...
Electron Transport Oxidative Phosphorylation Control
... In brown adipose tissue: Uncoupling protein (UCP, thermogenin) - 32-kDa dimer forms channel that controls H+ permeability of inner membrane Flow through channel is activated by free fatty acids through norepinephrine stimulated pathway ...
... In brown adipose tissue: Uncoupling protein (UCP, thermogenin) - 32-kDa dimer forms channel that controls H+ permeability of inner membrane Flow through channel is activated by free fatty acids through norepinephrine stimulated pathway ...
Date ______ Mid-Term Review Name _______________ Chapter 1
... Use the following key to answer questions the following questions. A. Occurs during the light reaction B. Occurs during the dark reaction ...
... Use the following key to answer questions the following questions. A. Occurs during the light reaction B. Occurs during the dark reaction ...
PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION
... WHAT IS ATP? • (adenosine triphosphate) compound that contains 3 high energy phosphate bonds and is an important source of energy for cells ...
... WHAT IS ATP? • (adenosine triphosphate) compound that contains 3 high energy phosphate bonds and is an important source of energy for cells ...
Exam 2 for Review - philipdarrenjones.com
... energy that is used to convert ADP + Pi to ATP? A) energy released as electrons flow through the electron transport system B) energy released from substrate-level phosphorylation C) energy released from ATP synthase pumping hydrogen ions from the mitochondrial matrix into the intermembrane space D) ...
... energy that is used to convert ADP + Pi to ATP? A) energy released as electrons flow through the electron transport system B) energy released from substrate-level phosphorylation C) energy released from ATP synthase pumping hydrogen ions from the mitochondrial matrix into the intermembrane space D) ...
Cell Benchmark Study Guide 2013
... Plants take in __CO2__ from the atmosphere to create glucose in the process of photosynthesis. This process happens inside the ____chloroplast__ of a plant cell. _ O2__ is a waste product of photosynthes ...
... Plants take in __CO2__ from the atmosphere to create glucose in the process of photosynthesis. This process happens inside the ____chloroplast__ of a plant cell. _ O2__ is a waste product of photosynthes ...
Electron Transport and oxidative phosphorylation (ATP Synthesis)
... Chemical reactions that transfer electrons from one substance to another are called oxidation‐reduction reactions ...
... Chemical reactions that transfer electrons from one substance to another are called oxidation‐reduction reactions ...
unit 1: introduction to biology
... Q. 6: Which of the following metabolic pathways is common to both aerobic and anaerobic processes of sugar breakdown? A) Krebs cycle B) electron transport chain C) conversion of pyruvate to lactic acid D) conversion of glucose to pyruvate E) none of the above Q. 7: Which of the following is NOT true ...
... Q. 6: Which of the following metabolic pathways is common to both aerobic and anaerobic processes of sugar breakdown? A) Krebs cycle B) electron transport chain C) conversion of pyruvate to lactic acid D) conversion of glucose to pyruvate E) none of the above Q. 7: Which of the following is NOT true ...
Document
... depending on growth conditions Amount of protons pumped out depends on growth conditions ...
... depending on growth conditions Amount of protons pumped out depends on growth conditions ...
Chapter 3
... Levels of ATP and ADP+Pi – High levels of ATP inhibit ATP production – Low levels of ATP and high levels of ADP+Pi stimulate ATP production ...
... Levels of ATP and ADP+Pi – High levels of ATP inhibit ATP production – Low levels of ATP and high levels of ADP+Pi stimulate ATP production ...
Questions 6 Metabolism_1
... b) membrane-associated electron transport chain. c) an ATP synthase. d) phosphoenolpyruvate. e) a proton motive force. 8) When oxygen reacts with hydrogen gas, water is produced as the product in this oxidationreduction reaction. Hydrogen donates electrons to oxygen in the reaction. Which statement ...
... b) membrane-associated electron transport chain. c) an ATP synthase. d) phosphoenolpyruvate. e) a proton motive force. 8) When oxygen reacts with hydrogen gas, water is produced as the product in this oxidationreduction reaction. Hydrogen donates electrons to oxygen in the reaction. Which statement ...
1. A Draw the structure of glucose using either a ring or straight
... α(1⇒4) have a 60 kink and if only this bond is present we would get a spiral. β(1⇒4) glycosidic links are “linear” So a simple answer would be a spiral in which the diameter is two G resides and not 1. However a more thorough answer would point out that in the β(1⇒4) glycosidics the second glucose i ...
... α(1⇒4) have a 60 kink and if only this bond is present we would get a spiral. β(1⇒4) glycosidic links are “linear” So a simple answer would be a spiral in which the diameter is two G resides and not 1. However a more thorough answer would point out that in the β(1⇒4) glycosidics the second glucose i ...
Chapter 13 - Cell Metabolism
... Stage 3 • Pyruvate is moved to the mitochondria • In the presence of O2 it is converted to 1 molecule of CO2 and the remaining 2 C’s are attached to Coenzyme A, creating Acetyl CoA using pyruvate dehydrogenase complex • Also generates a molecule of NADH ...
... Stage 3 • Pyruvate is moved to the mitochondria • In the presence of O2 it is converted to 1 molecule of CO2 and the remaining 2 C’s are attached to Coenzyme A, creating Acetyl CoA using pyruvate dehydrogenase complex • Also generates a molecule of NADH ...
Chapter 9 powerpoint and animations
... = organisms that can make ATP using either fermentation or cellular respiration Ex: yeast and many bacteria With oxygen pyruvate → Krebs cycle ...
... = organisms that can make ATP using either fermentation or cellular respiration Ex: yeast and many bacteria With oxygen pyruvate → Krebs cycle ...
Cellular Respiration
... So, after glycolysis and the Krebs cycle, there are 4 ATP produced from each glucose. There’s still 32 ATP left to get from the process (because aerobic produces a total of 36 ATP from each glucose). ...
... So, after glycolysis and the Krebs cycle, there are 4 ATP produced from each glucose. There’s still 32 ATP left to get from the process (because aerobic produces a total of 36 ATP from each glucose). ...
Adenosine triphosphate
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a nucleoside triphosphate used in cells as a coenzyme often called the ""molecular unit of currency"" of intracellular energy transfer.ATP transports chemical energy within cells for metabolism. It is one of the end products of photophosphorylation, cellular respiration, and fermentation and used by enzymes and structural proteins in many cellular processes, including biosynthetic reactions, motility, and cell division. One molecule of ATP contains three phosphate groups, and it is produced by a wide variety of enzymes, including ATP synthase, from adenosine diphosphate (ADP) or adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and various phosphate group donors. Substrate-level phosphorylation, oxidative phosphorylation in cellular respiration, and photophosphorylation in photosynthesis are three major mechanisms of ATP biosynthesis.Metabolic processes that use ATP as an energy source convert it back into its precursors. ATP is therefore continuously recycled in organisms: the human body, which on average contains only 250 grams (8.8 oz) of ATP, turns over its own body weight equivalent in ATP each day.ATP is used as a substrate in signal transduction pathways by kinases that phosphorylate proteins and lipids. It is also used by adenylate cyclase, which uses ATP to produce the second messenger molecule cyclic AMP. The ratio between ATP and AMP is used as a way for a cell to sense how much energy is available and control the metabolic pathways that produce and consume ATP. Apart from its roles in signaling and energy metabolism, ATP is also incorporated into nucleic acids by polymerases in the process of transcription. ATP is the neurotransmitter believed to signal the sense of taste.The structure of this molecule consists of a purine base (adenine) attached by the 9' nitrogen atom to the 1' carbon atom of a pentose sugar (ribose). Three phosphate groups are attached at the 5' carbon atom of the pentose sugar. It is the addition and removal of these phosphate groups that inter-convert ATP, ADP and AMP. When ATP is used in DNA synthesis, the ribose sugar is first converted to deoxyribose by ribonucleotide reductase.ATP was discovered in 1929 by Karl Lohmann, and independently by Cyrus Fiske and Yellapragada Subbarow of Harvard Medical School, but its correct structure was not determined until some years later. It was proposed to be the intermediary molecule between energy-yielding and energy-requiring reactions in cells by Fritz Albert Lipmann in 1941. It was first artificially synthesized by Alexander Todd in 1948.