Fall Final Review - Answer Key
... the other. The energy source for photosynthesis is light energy and the energy source of respiration is chemical energy. 52. D. Oxygen is produced during photosynthesis and used during cellular respiration. 53. Absorb all wavelengths except for green. It reflects green light so you see green light. ...
... the other. The energy source for photosynthesis is light energy and the energy source of respiration is chemical energy. 52. D. Oxygen is produced during photosynthesis and used during cellular respiration. 53. Absorb all wavelengths except for green. It reflects green light so you see green light. ...
Chapter 6 How Cells Harvest Chemical Energy
... – These molecules then donate high energy electrons to NAD+, forming NADH ...
... – These molecules then donate high energy electrons to NAD+, forming NADH ...
anaerobic respiration
... given amount of any substance always requires the same amount of energy to produce a particular increase in ...
... given amount of any substance always requires the same amount of energy to produce a particular increase in ...
BCHM 562, Biochemistry II
... to the FADH2, whereby it accepts two H atoms. 3. FMN functions as prosthetic group of various oxidoreductases such as NADH dehydrogenase. 4. During catalytic cycle, the reversible interconversion of oxidized (FMN), semiquinone (FMNH•) and reduced (FMNH2) forms occurs. 5. FMN is a stronger oxidizing ...
... to the FADH2, whereby it accepts two H atoms. 3. FMN functions as prosthetic group of various oxidoreductases such as NADH dehydrogenase. 4. During catalytic cycle, the reversible interconversion of oxidized (FMN), semiquinone (FMNH•) and reduced (FMNH2) forms occurs. 5. FMN is a stronger oxidizing ...
Aerobic & Anaerobic Metabolism in Muscles
... cardiovascular systems have “caught up with” the working muscles. ...
... cardiovascular systems have “caught up with” the working muscles. ...
EXAM 2 Fall2007.doc
... e. entropy has been decreased. 7. The second law of thermodynamics states that for chemical reactions: a. entropy always increases. b. entropy always decreases. c. free energy always increases. d. free energy always decreases. e. anabolic reactions must always be paired with catabolic reactions. 8. ...
... e. entropy has been decreased. 7. The second law of thermodynamics states that for chemical reactions: a. entropy always increases. b. entropy always decreases. c. free energy always increases. d. free energy always decreases. e. anabolic reactions must always be paired with catabolic reactions. 8. ...
5.19.06 Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation Reading
... the PO4 molecule released is capable of resonance forms (delocalized proton and oxygen binding) not possible when phosphate is bound to another molecule ...
... the PO4 molecule released is capable of resonance forms (delocalized proton and oxygen binding) not possible when phosphate is bound to another molecule ...
Krebs cycle
... These 36 ATP could be 38 if the malate aspartate shuttle is used. However, in real life, the mitochondrion uses part of its H+ gradient for “housekeeping” and the approximate yield of ATP/mol of glucose is roughly 24. ...
... These 36 ATP could be 38 if the malate aspartate shuttle is used. However, in real life, the mitochondrion uses part of its H+ gradient for “housekeeping” and the approximate yield of ATP/mol of glucose is roughly 24. ...
Chp. 8
... 10) Identify the net number of ATP, CO2, NADH, and FADH2 produced in each stage of cellular respiration in the complete oxidation of one glucose molecule. Explain why the maximum net amount of ATP produced per glucose can vary. ...
... 10) Identify the net number of ATP, CO2, NADH, and FADH2 produced in each stage of cellular respiration in the complete oxidation of one glucose molecule. Explain why the maximum net amount of ATP produced per glucose can vary. ...
Chapter 19
... • a-Ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex: inhibited by ATP, NADH, and succinyl CoA; activated by ADP and NAD+. ...
... • a-Ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex: inhibited by ATP, NADH, and succinyl CoA; activated by ADP and NAD+. ...
Chapter 6-7 Review Game
... A. Glucose is cycled around and resynthesized B. NAD+ and FAD are recycled C. The two-carbon acetyl CoA binds to a four-carbon molecule that is restored at the end of the cycle to be used again in the Citric Acid Cycle D. Carbon dioxide is cycled back to photosynthesis E. NADH is cycled down the ele ...
... A. Glucose is cycled around and resynthesized B. NAD+ and FAD are recycled C. The two-carbon acetyl CoA binds to a four-carbon molecule that is restored at the end of the cycle to be used again in the Citric Acid Cycle D. Carbon dioxide is cycled back to photosynthesis E. NADH is cycled down the ele ...
Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis Notes
... of models to illustrate the steps needed to convert light energy to chemical energy in photosynthesis. Your group will need to work through the following: – Organizing what you already know/ resources – Creating a storyline of steps – Converting those steps into the selected model ...
... of models to illustrate the steps needed to convert light energy to chemical energy in photosynthesis. Your group will need to work through the following: – Organizing what you already know/ resources – Creating a storyline of steps – Converting those steps into the selected model ...
Cellular Respiration
... ________________________ __________ types of respiration ____________________ respiration- occurs in the ____________________ of ________________________ _______________________________ respiration- occurs in the _______________________ of _____________________ ...
... ________________________ __________ types of respiration ____________________ respiration- occurs in the ____________________ of ________________________ _______________________________ respiration- occurs in the _______________________ of _____________________ ...
Ch. 9 Cellular Respiration
... Much of the energy remains in the pyruvate molecules If oxygen is present, pyruvate enters mitochondrion and oxidation is completed by enzymes of the CAC But first we must convert pyruvate to Acetyl CoA ...
... Much of the energy remains in the pyruvate molecules If oxygen is present, pyruvate enters mitochondrion and oxidation is completed by enzymes of the CAC But first we must convert pyruvate to Acetyl CoA ...
1. Amino acids are joined together by peptide bonds to form
... b. Citric Acid Cycle c. Transition reaction d. Electron Transport Chain e. All of the above ...
... b. Citric Acid Cycle c. Transition reaction d. Electron Transport Chain e. All of the above ...
Chapter 15 Review Worksheet and Key
... Calculate the net number of ATPs produced when one 18-carbon fatty acid salt is activated, enters the mitochondrion, and undergoes complete β oxidation. Include the ATP formed from acetyl-CoA in the citric acid cycle, and ATP from all of the reduced coenzymes that are produced. Activation in the fir ...
... Calculate the net number of ATPs produced when one 18-carbon fatty acid salt is activated, enters the mitochondrion, and undergoes complete β oxidation. Include the ATP formed from acetyl-CoA in the citric acid cycle, and ATP from all of the reduced coenzymes that are produced. Activation in the fir ...
Foundations in Microbiology
... _________________ reactions to form covalent bonds between smaller substrate molecules, require ATP, release one molecule of water for each bond _________________ reactions– _________________ reactions that break down substrates into small molecules, requires the input of water ...
... _________________ reactions to form covalent bonds between smaller substrate molecules, require ATP, release one molecule of water for each bond _________________ reactions– _________________ reactions that break down substrates into small molecules, requires the input of water ...
energy - Old Saybrook Public Schools
... 3. Most metabolic pathways are similar in all organisms. 4. In eukaryotes, many metabolic pathways occur inside specific organelles. 5. Each metabolic pathway is controlled by enzymes that can be inhibited or activated ...
... 3. Most metabolic pathways are similar in all organisms. 4. In eukaryotes, many metabolic pathways occur inside specific organelles. 5. Each metabolic pathway is controlled by enzymes that can be inhibited or activated ...
Metabolism of Glucose C6H12O6+6O2 1 unit of Glucose 38 ATP
... In exercise, first you burn off muscle glycogen, then liver glycogen, then lipid. If you only exercise In Diabetes, the cells cannot use glucose for energy. Only lipids. It depends on lipids, but the the Fatty Acids produce much more acetyl-CoA that kreb cycle cannot handle. This results in an accu ...
... In exercise, first you burn off muscle glycogen, then liver glycogen, then lipid. If you only exercise In Diabetes, the cells cannot use glucose for energy. Only lipids. It depends on lipids, but the the Fatty Acids produce much more acetyl-CoA that kreb cycle cannot handle. This results in an accu ...
What happened to my cousin Patrick O’Neill?
... B: His muscles are not functioning properly. C: He cannot efficiently break down food for energy. D: All of the above are possible causes. ...
... B: His muscles are not functioning properly. C: He cannot efficiently break down food for energy. D: All of the above are possible causes. ...
Cellular Respiration
... a. If Oxygen is present Glycolysis enters Aerobic Respiration = the Krebs cycle and then the electron transport chain = lots of energy b. If no Oxygen present Glyclysis enters Fermentation, and no additional energy is made. ...
... a. If Oxygen is present Glycolysis enters Aerobic Respiration = the Krebs cycle and then the electron transport chain = lots of energy b. If no Oxygen present Glyclysis enters Fermentation, and no additional energy is made. ...
METABOLISM
... -chemotrophic organisms from the electrons by the oxidation of nutriments (animals, humans). 2. To employ the acquired energy for the biosynthesis of building blocks of macromolecules and of macromolecular cell structures themselves. 3. To utilize the acquired energy for the conformation changes of ...
... -chemotrophic organisms from the electrons by the oxidation of nutriments (animals, humans). 2. To employ the acquired energy for the biosynthesis of building blocks of macromolecules and of macromolecular cell structures themselves. 3. To utilize the acquired energy for the conformation changes of ...
Document
... - the normal fuel is fatty acids which are converted to acetylCoA and oxidized in the citric acid cycle and ATP is produced by oxidative phosphorylation. - about half the volume of the cytoplasm of heart muscle cells made up of mitochondria. - the heart has low levels of glycogen and little phosphoc ...
... - the normal fuel is fatty acids which are converted to acetylCoA and oxidized in the citric acid cycle and ATP is produced by oxidative phosphorylation. - about half the volume of the cytoplasm of heart muscle cells made up of mitochondria. - the heart has low levels of glycogen and little phosphoc ...
NOTES: 9.1-9.2 - Cellular Respiration
... ● therefore, the reaction is broken down into many small steps controlled by -Cells gradually release the energy from glucose and other compounds ● the energy is transferred to the amounts to be used by the cell ...
... ● therefore, the reaction is broken down into many small steps controlled by -Cells gradually release the energy from glucose and other compounds ● the energy is transferred to the amounts to be used by the cell ...
Adenosine triphosphate
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a nucleoside triphosphate used in cells as a coenzyme often called the ""molecular unit of currency"" of intracellular energy transfer.ATP transports chemical energy within cells for metabolism. It is one of the end products of photophosphorylation, cellular respiration, and fermentation and used by enzymes and structural proteins in many cellular processes, including biosynthetic reactions, motility, and cell division. One molecule of ATP contains three phosphate groups, and it is produced by a wide variety of enzymes, including ATP synthase, from adenosine diphosphate (ADP) or adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and various phosphate group donors. Substrate-level phosphorylation, oxidative phosphorylation in cellular respiration, and photophosphorylation in photosynthesis are three major mechanisms of ATP biosynthesis.Metabolic processes that use ATP as an energy source convert it back into its precursors. ATP is therefore continuously recycled in organisms: the human body, which on average contains only 250 grams (8.8 oz) of ATP, turns over its own body weight equivalent in ATP each day.ATP is used as a substrate in signal transduction pathways by kinases that phosphorylate proteins and lipids. It is also used by adenylate cyclase, which uses ATP to produce the second messenger molecule cyclic AMP. The ratio between ATP and AMP is used as a way for a cell to sense how much energy is available and control the metabolic pathways that produce and consume ATP. Apart from its roles in signaling and energy metabolism, ATP is also incorporated into nucleic acids by polymerases in the process of transcription. ATP is the neurotransmitter believed to signal the sense of taste.The structure of this molecule consists of a purine base (adenine) attached by the 9' nitrogen atom to the 1' carbon atom of a pentose sugar (ribose). Three phosphate groups are attached at the 5' carbon atom of the pentose sugar. It is the addition and removal of these phosphate groups that inter-convert ATP, ADP and AMP. When ATP is used in DNA synthesis, the ribose sugar is first converted to deoxyribose by ribonucleotide reductase.ATP was discovered in 1929 by Karl Lohmann, and independently by Cyrus Fiske and Yellapragada Subbarow of Harvard Medical School, but its correct structure was not determined until some years later. It was proposed to be the intermediary molecule between energy-yielding and energy-requiring reactions in cells by Fritz Albert Lipmann in 1941. It was first artificially synthesized by Alexander Todd in 1948.