How Do Neurons Communicate?
... largely as channels and pumps, as well as receptor sites. Within the axon terminal are many specialized structures, including both mitochondria (the organelles that supply the cell’s energy needs) and what appear to be round granules. The round granules are synaptic vesicles that contain the chemica ...
... largely as channels and pumps, as well as receptor sites. Within the axon terminal are many specialized structures, including both mitochondria (the organelles that supply the cell’s energy needs) and what appear to be round granules. The round granules are synaptic vesicles that contain the chemica ...
Chapter 20. Proteins
... During and after synthesis the primary sequence will associate in a fashion that leads to the most stable, "comfortable" structure for the protein. How a protein folds is largely dictated by the primary sequence of amino acids. Each amino acid in the sequence will associate with other amino acids to ...
... During and after synthesis the primary sequence will associate in a fashion that leads to the most stable, "comfortable" structure for the protein. How a protein folds is largely dictated by the primary sequence of amino acids. Each amino acid in the sequence will associate with other amino acids to ...
Ectopic expression of fibroblast growth factor
... resulted in IL-6 independence, decreased apoptosis, and an enhanced proliferative response to IL-6. In the presence of ligand, wild-type FGFR3-expressing cells also exhibited enhanced proliferation and survival in comparison to controls. B9 clones expressing either wild-type FGFR3 at high levels or ...
... resulted in IL-6 independence, decreased apoptosis, and an enhanced proliferative response to IL-6. In the presence of ligand, wild-type FGFR3-expressing cells also exhibited enhanced proliferation and survival in comparison to controls. B9 clones expressing either wild-type FGFR3 at high levels or ...
Anatomy and Neuroscience Research Projects for 2013
... Step 1: You will need to decide which projects / supervisor you would like to do your honours year with: because there may be more applicants than places available for particular projects or supervisors, it is important to identify a number of potential projects (within this department or other depa ...
... Step 1: You will need to decide which projects / supervisor you would like to do your honours year with: because there may be more applicants than places available for particular projects or supervisors, it is important to identify a number of potential projects (within this department or other depa ...
Gene Section CLTCL1 (clathrin heavy polypeptide-like 1) Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics
... CLTCL1/ALK may in fact be cases of CLTC/ALK Disease ? found in a case of ALK+ anaplasic large cell lymphoma. Abnormal protein ? 2197 amino acids, 248-250 kDa; 1634 (nearly all the CLTCL1 protein) N-term amino acids from CLTCL1, fused to the 562 C-term amino acids from ALK (i.e. the entire cytoplasmi ...
... CLTCL1/ALK may in fact be cases of CLTC/ALK Disease ? found in a case of ALK+ anaplasic large cell lymphoma. Abnormal protein ? 2197 amino acids, 248-250 kDa; 1634 (nearly all the CLTCL1 protein) N-term amino acids from CLTCL1, fused to the 562 C-term amino acids from ALK (i.e. the entire cytoplasmi ...
Human Metabolism: Macronutrients Instructors: Rosalind Coleman
... Collaboration: Since all graded work (including homework, quizzes, and examinations) is used to determine academic progress, no collaboration on this work is permitted unless the instructor explicitly states that some specific degree of collaboration is allowed. Students may study together and work ...
... Collaboration: Since all graded work (including homework, quizzes, and examinations) is used to determine academic progress, no collaboration on this work is permitted unless the instructor explicitly states that some specific degree of collaboration is allowed. Students may study together and work ...
The First Cell Membranes - Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. publishers
... roles held by proteins and DNA in modern biology, is compelling (Joyce and Orgel, 1993; Schwartz, 1998). However, plausible prebiotic synthesis of activated monomers and their subsequent polymerization remain elusive, and it is now clear that an RNA world (or even its molecular precursor, pre-RNA) w ...
... roles held by proteins and DNA in modern biology, is compelling (Joyce and Orgel, 1993; Schwartz, 1998). However, plausible prebiotic synthesis of activated monomers and their subsequent polymerization remain elusive, and it is now clear that an RNA world (or even its molecular precursor, pre-RNA) w ...
Leukaemia Section Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics
... various partners (see below); ALK+ ALCL cases are sometimes called ALK lymphomas, or ALKomas. ALK+ ALCL can be further divided into t(2;5) cases, with NPM1-ALK fusion protein which localises both in the cytoplasm and in the nucleus, and t(2;Var), involving various partners and ALK, and a cytoplasmic ...
... various partners (see below); ALK+ ALCL cases are sometimes called ALK lymphomas, or ALKomas. ALK+ ALCL can be further divided into t(2;5) cases, with NPM1-ALK fusion protein which localises both in the cytoplasm and in the nucleus, and t(2;Var), involving various partners and ALK, and a cytoplasmic ...
Membrane lipid peroxidation and its conflict of
... on this avenue of oxidative stress biology involving RLS strongly suggest that this group of radical species does not simply comprise the byproducts of membrane lipid peroxidation (MLPO) but intermediates in the MLPO pathway under multiple pathophysiological conditions with putative unique attribute ...
... on this avenue of oxidative stress biology involving RLS strongly suggest that this group of radical species does not simply comprise the byproducts of membrane lipid peroxidation (MLPO) but intermediates in the MLPO pathway under multiple pathophysiological conditions with putative unique attribute ...
Localization of growth and secretion of proteins in
... positioned between the lower polycarbonate membrane and the agar medium. Glucoamylase was detected on the PVDF membrane using an antiserum raised against a purified glucoamylase from A . niger. Immunoreactions were done as described below for immunoblotting with goat-anti-rabbit-conjugated alkaline ...
... positioned between the lower polycarbonate membrane and the agar medium. Glucoamylase was detected on the PVDF membrane using an antiserum raised against a purified glucoamylase from A . niger. Immunoreactions were done as described below for immunoblotting with goat-anti-rabbit-conjugated alkaline ...
Inhibition Systems Mechanisms and Biological Roles of
... Bacterial contact-dependent growth inhibition (CDI) is mediated by the CdiA/CdiB family of two-partner secretion proteins. CDIþ cells bind to susceptible target bacteria and deliver a toxic effector domain derived from the carboxyl terminus of CdiA (CdiA-CT). More than 60 distinct CdiA-CT sequence t ...
... Bacterial contact-dependent growth inhibition (CDI) is mediated by the CdiA/CdiB family of two-partner secretion proteins. CDIþ cells bind to susceptible target bacteria and deliver a toxic effector domain derived from the carboxyl terminus of CdiA (CdiA-CT). More than 60 distinct CdiA-CT sequence t ...
The functions of cell wall polysaccharides in composition and
... likely to participate in wall biogenesis and remodeling during plant development. If all the cytosolic proteins that function in substrate generation are included, the number increases significantly. Some integral plasma membrane-associated proteins that function in wall assembly, such as cellulose ...
... likely to participate in wall biogenesis and remodeling during plant development. If all the cytosolic proteins that function in substrate generation are included, the number increases significantly. Some integral plasma membrane-associated proteins that function in wall assembly, such as cellulose ...
Plant Cell - WordPress.com
... LEARNING EXPERIENCE Pupil answers the following questions: 1) What is a living organism? 2) What is non-living organism? 3) What is the difference between living and non-living organism 4) Do the living organism respire 5) What is the fundamental unit of life? EVALUATION ...
... LEARNING EXPERIENCE Pupil answers the following questions: 1) What is a living organism? 2) What is non-living organism? 3) What is the difference between living and non-living organism 4) Do the living organism respire 5) What is the fundamental unit of life? EVALUATION ...
Molecular cloning, over-expression, developmental regulation and
... temperature for development. For each RNA sample, 100 dilute semidefined medium (DSDM) plates were inoculated with 3-5×105 amoebal cysts and 0.1 ml SBS (standard bacterial suspension) and incubated at 26°C prior to RNA isolation (Blindt et al., 1986). The length of time at 26°C was different for eac ...
... temperature for development. For each RNA sample, 100 dilute semidefined medium (DSDM) plates were inoculated with 3-5×105 amoebal cysts and 0.1 ml SBS (standard bacterial suspension) and incubated at 26°C prior to RNA isolation (Blindt et al., 1986). The length of time at 26°C was different for eac ...
Chapter 15 The Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle
... The finding that mitochondria contain substrates for protein kinases lead to the discovery that protein kinases are located in the mitochondria of certain tissues and species. These include pyruvate dyhydrogenase kinase, branched-chain alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase kinase, protein kinase A, protein k ...
... The finding that mitochondria contain substrates for protein kinases lead to the discovery that protein kinases are located in the mitochondria of certain tissues and species. These include pyruvate dyhydrogenase kinase, branched-chain alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase kinase, protein kinase A, protein k ...
Cell Wall
... The cell wall is the tough, flexible but sometimes fairly rigid layer that surrounds some types of cells. It is located outside the cell membrane and provides these cells with structural support and protection, in addition to acting as a filtering mechanism. A major function of the cell wall is to a ...
... The cell wall is the tough, flexible but sometimes fairly rigid layer that surrounds some types of cells. It is located outside the cell membrane and provides these cells with structural support and protection, in addition to acting as a filtering mechanism. A major function of the cell wall is to a ...
Safety Considerations for Retroviral Vectors: A Short Review`
... virus particles. Normally, the double stranded RNA retrovirus genome is packaged into virions, but retrovirus packaging cell lines (also known as helper cells) are constructed in order to package other RNA molecules (Fig. 1, below). These RNA molecules have limited retroviral sequences and commonly ...
... virus particles. Normally, the double stranded RNA retrovirus genome is packaged into virions, but retrovirus packaging cell lines (also known as helper cells) are constructed in order to package other RNA molecules (Fig. 1, below). These RNA molecules have limited retroviral sequences and commonly ...
Acetylcholine Receptor-associated 43K Protein Contains Covalently
... vertebrate neuromuscular synapses (2). The molecular mechanisms that are responsible for this distribution are largely unknown but appear to involve both extracellular matrix (2, 34, 36) and intracellular components (21). A distinctive feature of neuromuscular nicotinic cholinergic synapses thought ...
... vertebrate neuromuscular synapses (2). The molecular mechanisms that are responsible for this distribution are largely unknown but appear to involve both extracellular matrix (2, 34, 36) and intracellular components (21). A distinctive feature of neuromuscular nicotinic cholinergic synapses thought ...
Induction of S phase stasis - Journal of Cell Science
... cell cycle (Fig. 1A). HU appeared to cause a more rapid Typically, when mammalian cells enter into a quiescent state, progression to arrest, as the majority of HU exposed cells could it is in G1 phase. Exit from the cell cycle may be either not recover after 24 hours exposure. However, despite the t ...
... cell cycle (Fig. 1A). HU appeared to cause a more rapid Typically, when mammalian cells enter into a quiescent state, progression to arrest, as the majority of HU exposed cells could it is in G1 phase. Exit from the cell cycle may be either not recover after 24 hours exposure. However, despite the t ...
Increased cell proliferation and granule cell number in the dentate
... zone were identified with either a goat antiserum (sc8066, Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA; diluted 1:4,000 –10,000) directed against a synthetic doublecortin peptide corresponding to amino acids 385-402 at the C-terminus of human doublecortin (Swiss-Prot #O43911) or a guinea pig antiserum ...
... zone were identified with either a goat antiserum (sc8066, Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA; diluted 1:4,000 –10,000) directed against a synthetic doublecortin peptide corresponding to amino acids 385-402 at the C-terminus of human doublecortin (Swiss-Prot #O43911) or a guinea pig antiserum ...
Answers - Study of Life
... Suppose a plant cell had a mutation that prevented the Golgi apparatus from functioning. Which of the following processes would not occur in the cell? A. Cellular respiration B. Photosynthesis C. DNA replication D. Mitosis E. Cell wall formation The local swimming pool is contaminated with an organi ...
... Suppose a plant cell had a mutation that prevented the Golgi apparatus from functioning. Which of the following processes would not occur in the cell? A. Cellular respiration B. Photosynthesis C. DNA replication D. Mitosis E. Cell wall formation The local swimming pool is contaminated with an organi ...
Evolutionary Gain of Function for the ER Membrane
... heavy-chain binding protein (BiP) and a so far unidentified Hsp40 are also involved in cotranslational protein import into the organelle (Dierks et al., 1996; Hamman et al., 1998; Tyedmers et al., 2003; Alder et al., 2005). Furthermore, in mammalian microsomes orthologues of yeast Sec62p and Sec63p ...
... heavy-chain binding protein (BiP) and a so far unidentified Hsp40 are also involved in cotranslational protein import into the organelle (Dierks et al., 1996; Hamman et al., 1998; Tyedmers et al., 2003; Alder et al., 2005). Furthermore, in mammalian microsomes orthologues of yeast Sec62p and Sec63p ...
Serial killers: ordering caspase activation events in apoptosis
... caspases and neutralizing their activity.3,4 A different strategy is utilized by another class of inhibitor ± the pseudocaspases ± which have evolved by gene duplication events but have lost enzymatic activity. These pseudocaspases can integrate into caspase activation complexes (e.g. c-FLIP compete ...
... caspases and neutralizing their activity.3,4 A different strategy is utilized by another class of inhibitor ± the pseudocaspases ± which have evolved by gene duplication events but have lost enzymatic activity. These pseudocaspases can integrate into caspase activation complexes (e.g. c-FLIP compete ...
Full Text - The International Journal of Developmental Biology
... ptants". Schwann's "laws of development" sprung from an erroneous concept that he had eagerly adopted from Schleiden, namely that cells originate within other cells or in extracellular spaces, not by cell division. This was to happen in several steps: First the nucleolus would appear. Then, as a mem ...
... ptants". Schwann's "laws of development" sprung from an erroneous concept that he had eagerly adopted from Schleiden, namely that cells originate within other cells or in extracellular spaces, not by cell division. This was to happen in several steps: First the nucleolus would appear. Then, as a mem ...
Signal transduction
Signal transduction occurs when an extracellular signaling molecule activates a specific receptor located on the cell surface or inside the cell. In turn, this receptor triggers a biochemical chain of events inside the cell, creating a response. Depending on the cell, the response alters the cell's metabolism, shape, gene expression, or ability to divide. The signal can be amplified at any step. Thus, one signaling molecule can cause many responses.