Regulation of mTORC1 by amino acids
... mTORC1 is regulated by the small GTPase Rheb (Ras homolog enriched in brain) [12–14] which resides at the lysosomal surface [15] where it functions as a potent stimulator of the mTORC1 kinase activity [8]. Rheb in turn is negatively controlled by the trimeric tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) whose T ...
... mTORC1 is regulated by the small GTPase Rheb (Ras homolog enriched in brain) [12–14] which resides at the lysosomal surface [15] where it functions as a potent stimulator of the mTORC1 kinase activity [8]. Rheb in turn is negatively controlled by the trimeric tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) whose T ...
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... use energy from their environment; (3) have the capacity to precisely self-replicate and self-assemble; (4) exploit a chemical interplay with their environment; (5) possess programmatically defined functions; and (6) evolve to new forms over many generations. 30. Cellular foundations Page: 3 Difficu ...
... use energy from their environment; (3) have the capacity to precisely self-replicate and self-assemble; (4) exploit a chemical interplay with their environment; (5) possess programmatically defined functions; and (6) evolve to new forms over many generations. 30. Cellular foundations Page: 3 Difficu ...
exam2_2011_key
... Give an example of either one from oxygen transport and state its importance or role in oxygen transport. Choice B: What are the significant structural differences between myoglobin and hemoglobin and why is/are these difference(s) important in oxygen transport? Choice A (6 pts) Homotropic – affects ...
... Give an example of either one from oxygen transport and state its importance or role in oxygen transport. Choice B: What are the significant structural differences between myoglobin and hemoglobin and why is/are these difference(s) important in oxygen transport? Choice A (6 pts) Homotropic – affects ...
... Give an example of either one from oxygen transport and state its importance or role in oxygen transport. Choice B: What are the significant structural differences between myoglobin and hemoglobin and why is/are these difference(s) important in oxygen transport? Choice A (6 pts) Homotropic – affects ...
Universal Microfluidic System for Analysis and Control of Cell
... Dynamical control of the cellular microenvironment is highly desired for quantitative studies of stem cells and immune signaling. Here, we present an automated microfluidic system for high-throughput culture, differentiation and analysis of a wide range of cells in precisely defined dynamic microenv ...
... Dynamical control of the cellular microenvironment is highly desired for quantitative studies of stem cells and immune signaling. Here, we present an automated microfluidic system for high-throughput culture, differentiation and analysis of a wide range of cells in precisely defined dynamic microenv ...
Activation Mechanism of Protein Kinase B by DNA
... (HR) and nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) (Weterings and Chen, 2007). The core protein of the DNA-PK multi-protein complex is represented by a Mr ~460,000 catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs) which, in itself, is a serinethreonine kinase similar to proteins of the PI3K family (Hartley et al., 1995; Meek et ...
... (HR) and nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) (Weterings and Chen, 2007). The core protein of the DNA-PK multi-protein complex is represented by a Mr ~460,000 catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs) which, in itself, is a serinethreonine kinase similar to proteins of the PI3K family (Hartley et al., 1995; Meek et ...
Subthreshold High-Frequency Electrical Field
... Subthreshold electrical stimulation (SES) has been shown to induce an improvement of angiogenesis in ischemic and nonischemic skeletal muscles, mediated by increased VEGF expression. VEGF plays a key role in physiological and pathological angiogenesis. Cardiomyocytes possess the ability to synthesiz ...
... Subthreshold electrical stimulation (SES) has been shown to induce an improvement of angiogenesis in ischemic and nonischemic skeletal muscles, mediated by increased VEGF expression. VEGF plays a key role in physiological and pathological angiogenesis. Cardiomyocytes possess the ability to synthesiz ...
Functional interaction between a novel protein phosphatase 2A
... 1996). One gene that gives rise to two dierentially spliced mRNAs encodes two B-subunits, PR72 (also called B'') and PR130 (Hendrix et al., 1993a). It is widely believed that the multitude of B subunits plays a role in regulation of phosphatase activity, control of substrate speci®city and targetin ...
... 1996). One gene that gives rise to two dierentially spliced mRNAs encodes two B-subunits, PR72 (also called B'') and PR130 (Hendrix et al., 1993a). It is widely believed that the multitude of B subunits plays a role in regulation of phosphatase activity, control of substrate speci®city and targetin ...
Class I MHC Molecule Protein in Association with an Allogeneic
... containing the entire sequence of p2Ca (5). Both peptides are derived from a ubiquitous intracellular protein, oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (OGDH) (5, 6). A synthetic p2Cb peptide was digested in vitro with cellular extracts containing proteosomes and was found to produce active fragments, suggesting ...
... containing the entire sequence of p2Ca (5). Both peptides are derived from a ubiquitous intracellular protein, oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (OGDH) (5, 6). A synthetic p2Cb peptide was digested in vitro with cellular extracts containing proteosomes and was found to produce active fragments, suggesting ...
Complement - microbiology and immunology on-line
... Activation product of complement proteins (nomenclature) Activated component are usually over-lined: e.g. C1qrs When enzymatically cleaved, the larger moiety, binds to the activation complex or membrane and the smaller peptide is released in the ...
... Activation product of complement proteins (nomenclature) Activated component are usually over-lined: e.g. C1qrs When enzymatically cleaved, the larger moiety, binds to the activation complex or membrane and the smaller peptide is released in the ...
Teaching Active Transport At the Turn of the Twenty
... per n (2 in our case) number of calcium ions transported per cycle. K aCaEP and K b CaEP are the association constants of the enzyme for Ca+2 in the ground state and following activation by ATP. With reference to the reaction scheme given above, the two relevant constants are K 1 and 1/K 5 . Correct ...
... per n (2 in our case) number of calcium ions transported per cycle. K aCaEP and K b CaEP are the association constants of the enzyme for Ca+2 in the ground state and following activation by ATP. With reference to the reaction scheme given above, the two relevant constants are K 1 and 1/K 5 . Correct ...
Structural Insights into Kinase Inhibition Ramesh Sistla
... • Kinases are enzymes catalyze phosphorylation ...
... • Kinases are enzymes catalyze phosphorylation ...
Dynamics of Phragmoplastin in Living Cells during
... event during secretion, membrane fusion at the cell plate results in the formation of a flattened membrane sac that creates an “extracellular” compartment inside the cell. The cargo (cell wall polysaccharides) that vesicles carry is deposited in this newly formed compartment. From electron microscop ...
... event during secretion, membrane fusion at the cell plate results in the formation of a flattened membrane sac that creates an “extracellular” compartment inside the cell. The cargo (cell wall polysaccharides) that vesicles carry is deposited in this newly formed compartment. From electron microscop ...
MOLECULAR BASIS FOR MEMBRANE PHOSPHOLIPID
... and support for a vast array of proteins involved in important functions of the cell such as energy transduction, signal transduction, solute transport, DNA replication, protein targeting and trafficking, cell-cell recognition, secretion, etc. Phospholipids do not play a static role in these process ...
... and support for a vast array of proteins involved in important functions of the cell such as energy transduction, signal transduction, solute transport, DNA replication, protein targeting and trafficking, cell-cell recognition, secretion, etc. Phospholipids do not play a static role in these process ...
Development of a protein microarray using sequence
... Surface for protein immobilization is also important to prepare protein microarray. Several different coatings have been published, which can be divided into two types: gel-coated surfaces and non-gel-coated glass or plastic surfaces [10]. Proteins do not provide a uniform outer surface unlike DNA, a ...
... Surface for protein immobilization is also important to prepare protein microarray. Several different coatings have been published, which can be divided into two types: gel-coated surfaces and non-gel-coated glass or plastic surfaces [10]. Proteins do not provide a uniform outer surface unlike DNA, a ...
Mutational analysis supports a core role for Drosophila a
... a-catenin associates the cadherin–catenin complex with the actin cytoskeleton. a-catenin binds to b-catenin, which links it to the cadherin cytoplasmic tail, and F-actin, but also to a multitude of actin-associated proteins. These interactions suggest a highly complex cadherin–actin interface. Moreo ...
... a-catenin associates the cadherin–catenin complex with the actin cytoskeleton. a-catenin binds to b-catenin, which links it to the cadherin cytoplasmic tail, and F-actin, but also to a multitude of actin-associated proteins. These interactions suggest a highly complex cadherin–actin interface. Moreo ...
Six Distinct Nuclear Factors Interact with the 75-Base
... Eucaryotic transcriptional enhancers are cis-acting regions of DNA that can potentiate transcription from autologous and heterologous promoters, independent of orientation and location relative to the promoter (1, 2, 17, 19, 31, 45). There is substantial evidence that enhancers contain binding sites ...
... Eucaryotic transcriptional enhancers are cis-acting regions of DNA that can potentiate transcription from autologous and heterologous promoters, independent of orientation and location relative to the promoter (1, 2, 17, 19, 31, 45). There is substantial evidence that enhancers contain binding sites ...
Restricted growth of Utype infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus
... receptors. Different viruses use various host molecules as receptors, some of which are more globally ...
... receptors. Different viruses use various host molecules as receptors, some of which are more globally ...
Regulatory assembly of the vacuolar proton pump VOV1
... to monitor the variable subunit composition of VOV1-ATPase parts. VOV1-ATPase shows a remarkable dis- and re-assembling process in response to nutrition conditions. In order to gain detailed information about this process we focused on subunits C and E of the V1 part. Different fluorescent proteins ...
... to monitor the variable subunit composition of VOV1-ATPase parts. VOV1-ATPase shows a remarkable dis- and re-assembling process in response to nutrition conditions. In order to gain detailed information about this process we focused on subunits C and E of the V1 part. Different fluorescent proteins ...
Document
... Section: Eukaryotic Cell Walls and Cytoplasmic Membranes 30) Which of the following statements concerning the endosymbiotic theory is FALSE? A) Eukaryotes were formed from the union of small anaerobic cells by larger aerobic cells. B) Mitochondria and chloroplasts can divide independently of the cel ...
... Section: Eukaryotic Cell Walls and Cytoplasmic Membranes 30) Which of the following statements concerning the endosymbiotic theory is FALSE? A) Eukaryotes were formed from the union of small anaerobic cells by larger aerobic cells. B) Mitochondria and chloroplasts can divide independently of the cel ...
Planar cell polarity signalling regulates cell adhesion properties in
... adhesive and non-adhesive substrate. One well was filled with 50 l of heatinactivated foetal calf serum (Invitrogen) to passivate the surface (nonadhesive substrate). The other well was filled with 50 l of 2.5 mg/ml ConA (adhesive substrate). Prior to the experiment, the substrate was rinsed with ...
... adhesive and non-adhesive substrate. One well was filled with 50 l of heatinactivated foetal calf serum (Invitrogen) to passivate the surface (nonadhesive substrate). The other well was filled with 50 l of 2.5 mg/ml ConA (adhesive substrate). Prior to the experiment, the substrate was rinsed with ...
transporters - Warner Pacific College
... • Ion channels, tiny pores lined with hydrophilic atoms, are remarkably selective • Because most allow passage of just one ion, there are separate proteins needed to transport Na+, K+, Ca2+, and Cl–, etc. • Selectivity is based on both binding sites involving amino acid side chains, and a size filte ...
... • Ion channels, tiny pores lined with hydrophilic atoms, are remarkably selective • Because most allow passage of just one ion, there are separate proteins needed to transport Na+, K+, Ca2+, and Cl–, etc. • Selectivity is based on both binding sites involving amino acid side chains, and a size filte ...
The integrity of a cholesterol-binding pocket in Niemann–Pick C2
... the Der p 2 dust mite allergen as an excellent template for modeling the NPC2 protein structure (E value 7.14e-13) based on multiple sequence alignment, secondary structure prediction, and solvation potential. The Der p 2 structure is a  sandwich, and all six cysteine residues involved in disulfide ...
... the Der p 2 dust mite allergen as an excellent template for modeling the NPC2 protein structure (E value 7.14e-13) based on multiple sequence alignment, secondary structure prediction, and solvation potential. The Der p 2 structure is a  sandwich, and all six cysteine residues involved in disulfide ...
The role of Arabidopsis CRK5 protein kinase in the regulation of root
... seven closely related members of the CRK family, the CRK5 kinase (At3g50530) carries an Nterminal MGxC myristylation/palmitoylation motive, which is conserved in all plasma membrane-associated CRK proteins examined so far in other plant species. The N-terminal domain of CRK5 also harbours a nuclear ...
... seven closely related members of the CRK family, the CRK5 kinase (At3g50530) carries an Nterminal MGxC myristylation/palmitoylation motive, which is conserved in all plasma membrane-associated CRK proteins examined so far in other plant species. The N-terminal domain of CRK5 also harbours a nuclear ...
Structural and functional features of Drosophila chorion proteins s36
... individual chorions, thoroughly dried. Infrared spectra were recorded on a Fourier Transform Bruker 113v, vacuum spectrometer. Each spectrum is the result of signal averaging of 100 scans at 2cm -~ resolution. Samples were in the form of KBr pellets, ...
... individual chorions, thoroughly dried. Infrared spectra were recorded on a Fourier Transform Bruker 113v, vacuum spectrometer. Each spectrum is the result of signal averaging of 100 scans at 2cm -~ resolution. Samples were in the form of KBr pellets, ...
Signal transduction
Signal transduction occurs when an extracellular signaling molecule activates a specific receptor located on the cell surface or inside the cell. In turn, this receptor triggers a biochemical chain of events inside the cell, creating a response. Depending on the cell, the response alters the cell's metabolism, shape, gene expression, or ability to divide. The signal can be amplified at any step. Thus, one signaling molecule can cause many responses.