̶ Targets like an antibody ̶ Performs like a small molecule ̶
... than CA IX (>666 fold selectivity). Acetazolamide on the other hand only shows 4–12 fold selectivity. This is understandable as the small number of residues that define the CA active site where acetazolamide binds are identical in sequence across the family members. It is by binding beyond these con ...
... than CA IX (>666 fold selectivity). Acetazolamide on the other hand only shows 4–12 fold selectivity. This is understandable as the small number of residues that define the CA active site where acetazolamide binds are identical in sequence across the family members. It is by binding beyond these con ...
Similarities and Differences in the Glycosylation Mechanisms in
... oligosaccharide precursor attached via pyrophosphate (all domains) or phosphate (archaea) to a lipid carrier (the socalled lipid-linked oligosaccharide or LLO). After assembly of the oligosaccharide, the LLO is flipped from the cytoplasm to face the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), or the pe ...
... oligosaccharide precursor attached via pyrophosphate (all domains) or phosphate (archaea) to a lipid carrier (the socalled lipid-linked oligosaccharide or LLO). After assembly of the oligosaccharide, the LLO is flipped from the cytoplasm to face the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), or the pe ...
Bluetongue Virus Capsid Assembly and Maturation
... Members of the family Reoviridae, which include BTV and other orbiviruses, are characterized by their unique genome of 10–12 segments of linear, double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). These separate segments facilitate the generation of 10–13 viral proteins. Virions are comprised of non-enveloped, icosahedral ...
... Members of the family Reoviridae, which include BTV and other orbiviruses, are characterized by their unique genome of 10–12 segments of linear, double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). These separate segments facilitate the generation of 10–13 viral proteins. Virions are comprised of non-enveloped, icosahedral ...
Chloroplast Tubules Visualized in Transplastomic Plants Expressing
... transport through the tubular connections between chloroplasts. It would be interesting to know whether chloroplast genome or genetic information is exchangeable through the tubules. There are more than 10 plastids in a leaf cell. As described above, in transient expression of GFP in chloroplasts, G ...
... transport through the tubular connections between chloroplasts. It would be interesting to know whether chloroplast genome or genetic information is exchangeable through the tubules. There are more than 10 plastids in a leaf cell. As described above, in transient expression of GFP in chloroplasts, G ...
Heterochromatin silencing at p53 target genes by a small viral protein.
... selectively in the backdrop of global transcriptional changes that drive oncogenic cellular and viral replication. ...
... selectively in the backdrop of global transcriptional changes that drive oncogenic cellular and viral replication. ...
Physical properties of lipid bilayer membranes: relevance to
... creases oxygen transport in the polar headgroup region and in the hydrocarbon region near the polar headgroups and increases it in the membrane center [12, 14]. This indicates that the major barrier for oxygen permeability across the membrane is located in and near the headgroup region. The extended ...
... creases oxygen transport in the polar headgroup region and in the hydrocarbon region near the polar headgroups and increases it in the membrane center [12, 14]. This indicates that the major barrier for oxygen permeability across the membrane is located in and near the headgroup region. The extended ...
Fluorescence Recordings of Electrical Activity in Goldfish Optic
... consequent to optic tract stimulation for at least 8 (and up to 24) hr under normal conditions. The thin lateral slices rarely showed extracellular field potentials following stimulation at the rostra1 end, probably because the trajectory of the optic nerve fibers that innervate the central tectum i ...
... consequent to optic tract stimulation for at least 8 (and up to 24) hr under normal conditions. The thin lateral slices rarely showed extracellular field potentials following stimulation at the rostra1 end, probably because the trajectory of the optic nerve fibers that innervate the central tectum i ...
TOPIC 1. CELL CHARACTERISTICS AND DIGESTIBILITIES What
... quality of the sage brush not expressed by standard chemical analysis." The quality of the sagebrush which Smith speculated on was discribed by Nagy et al. (1964) as a result of research on the effects of essential oils on the growth and metabolism of rumen microorganisms of mule deer. Sagebrush ess ...
... quality of the sage brush not expressed by standard chemical analysis." The quality of the sagebrush which Smith speculated on was discribed by Nagy et al. (1964) as a result of research on the effects of essential oils on the growth and metabolism of rumen microorganisms of mule deer. Sagebrush ess ...
Lesson 4.Protein
... catalyze, as in ATP: D-fructose-6-phosphate 1-phosphotransferase. Often, enzymes have common names in addition to their formal names. ATP: D-fructose-6-phosphate 1-phosphotransferase is more commonly known as phosphofructokinase (kinase is a common name given to ATP-dependent phosphotransferases). 4 ...
... catalyze, as in ATP: D-fructose-6-phosphate 1-phosphotransferase. Often, enzymes have common names in addition to their formal names. ATP: D-fructose-6-phosphate 1-phosphotransferase is more commonly known as phosphofructokinase (kinase is a common name given to ATP-dependent phosphotransferases). 4 ...
Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture
... substitutes for cereals in gluten-free diets.2 Furthermore, pseudocereals contain relatively high amounts of dietary ®bre, which improves lipid metabolism and takes part in the prevention of LDL-C oxidation.3,4 After processing, these plants can be used as ¯ours or ¯akes or in biscuits and breakfast ...
... substitutes for cereals in gluten-free diets.2 Furthermore, pseudocereals contain relatively high amounts of dietary ®bre, which improves lipid metabolism and takes part in the prevention of LDL-C oxidation.3,4 After processing, these plants can be used as ¯ours or ¯akes or in biscuits and breakfast ...
The Ethylene Signal Transduction Pathway in Plants
... The simple gas ethylene is an endogenous regulator of developmental adaptations in higher plants (1). Exposure to ethylene can produce a myriad of effects on plant growth, development, and physiology, most notably the ripening of fruits, inhibition of stem and root elongation, promotion of seed germ ...
... The simple gas ethylene is an endogenous regulator of developmental adaptations in higher plants (1). Exposure to ethylene can produce a myriad of effects on plant growth, development, and physiology, most notably the ripening of fruits, inhibition of stem and root elongation, promotion of seed germ ...
Adherence and uptake of Francisella into host cells
... that is easily aerosolized and has a low infectious dose. As an intracellular pathogen, entry of Francisella into host cells is critical for its survival and virulence. However, the initial steps of attachment and internalization of Francisella into host cells are not well characterized, and little ...
... that is easily aerosolized and has a low infectious dose. As an intracellular pathogen, entry of Francisella into host cells is critical for its survival and virulence. However, the initial steps of attachment and internalization of Francisella into host cells are not well characterized, and little ...
Powering the Cell: Cellular Respiration
... ATP molecules, and the Krebs cycle produces 2 more. Electron transport begins with several molecules of NADH and FADH2 from the Krebs cycle and transfers their energy into as many as 34 more ATP molecules. All told, then, up to 38 molecules of ATP can be produced from just one molecule of glucose in ...
... ATP molecules, and the Krebs cycle produces 2 more. Electron transport begins with several molecules of NADH and FADH2 from the Krebs cycle and transfers their energy into as many as 34 more ATP molecules. All told, then, up to 38 molecules of ATP can be produced from just one molecule of glucose in ...
The control of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca content in cardiac muscle
... The net result is therefore that an increase in the amplitude of the Ca transient leads to a net loss of Ca from the cell. The combination of the two factors results in a simple feedback loop in which an undesired change of SR Ca content is compensated for by changes of sarcolemmal fluxes [2,23,24]. ...
... The net result is therefore that an increase in the amplitude of the Ca transient leads to a net loss of Ca from the cell. The combination of the two factors results in a simple feedback loop in which an undesired change of SR Ca content is compensated for by changes of sarcolemmal fluxes [2,23,24]. ...
MECHANISMS, CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES IN STROKE
... ischaemic onset, loss of energy substrates leads to mitochondrial dysfunction and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS). Additionally, energy deficits lead to ionic imbalance, excitotoxic glutamate efflux and build-up of intracellular calcium. Downstream pat ...
... ischaemic onset, loss of energy substrates leads to mitochondrial dysfunction and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS). Additionally, energy deficits lead to ionic imbalance, excitotoxic glutamate efflux and build-up of intracellular calcium. Downstream pat ...
Levy APS - Indiana University Bloomington
... Figure 3 provides a helical wheel representation of this C-terminal region and illustrates the amphiphatic structure and high homology within these two peptide hormones, particularly in the biologically sensitive hydrophobic residues (colored in red). Of particular note on the hydrophilic side of th ...
... Figure 3 provides a helical wheel representation of this C-terminal region and illustrates the amphiphatic structure and high homology within these two peptide hormones, particularly in the biologically sensitive hydrophobic residues (colored in red). Of particular note on the hydrophilic side of th ...
A genome-wide resource of cell cycle and cell shape genes of
... supplementary material 1, table S1, column G. For example, some long mutants may be slightly curved, and T-shaped cells were observed in a subset of curved cells. Gene Ontology (GO) term enrichment of biological processes and cellular components for these 14 phenotype categories is shown in tables 2 ...
... supplementary material 1, table S1, column G. For example, some long mutants may be slightly curved, and T-shaped cells were observed in a subset of curved cells. Gene Ontology (GO) term enrichment of biological processes and cellular components for these 14 phenotype categories is shown in tables 2 ...
LvNotch positions the ectoderm-endoderm boundary
... stage, nuclear β-catenin is present specifically within the nuclei of presumptive endoderm cells bordering the presumptive ectoderm (D. R. Sherwood, PhD thesis, Duke University, Durham, NC, 1997; Logan et al., 1999), suggesting a possible later function in regulating the position of the ectodermendo ...
... stage, nuclear β-catenin is present specifically within the nuclei of presumptive endoderm cells bordering the presumptive ectoderm (D. R. Sherwood, PhD thesis, Duke University, Durham, NC, 1997; Logan et al., 1999), suggesting a possible later function in regulating the position of the ectodermendo ...
Cofactors
... farther down the pathway Has the potential for instabilities, just as in electrical feed-forward Usually modulated by feedback ...
... farther down the pathway Has the potential for instabilities, just as in electrical feed-forward Usually modulated by feedback ...
Early Embryogenesis in Flowering Plants: Setting Up the Basic Body
... patterns. Along the main apical-basal axis of polarity, the apically located shoot meristem, which is usually flanked by one or two cotyledons, is linked with the basally located root meristem via the hypocotyl and seedling root. The perpendicular radial pattern comprises a series of concentrically a ...
... patterns. Along the main apical-basal axis of polarity, the apically located shoot meristem, which is usually flanked by one or two cotyledons, is linked with the basally located root meristem via the hypocotyl and seedling root. The perpendicular radial pattern comprises a series of concentrically a ...
Supplemental Materials
... they have the mutated hemoglobin gene in their genetic heritage. But why? There is a disease called malaria that is caused by a parasite that infects red blood cells. Malaria is a major killer of people in tropical regions like Africa. When the red blood cells are sickled, they are destroyed along w ...
... they have the mutated hemoglobin gene in their genetic heritage. But why? There is a disease called malaria that is caused by a parasite that infects red blood cells. Malaria is a major killer of people in tropical regions like Africa. When the red blood cells are sickled, they are destroyed along w ...
Metabolomics of a single vacuole reveals metabolic dynamism in an
... Metabolites are believed to be highly compartmentalized within cellular organelles, because many enzymes involved in metabolite conversion show organelle-specific localization. Metabolite levels not only differ in individual organs, cells, and organelles but also fluctuate in response to development ...
... Metabolites are believed to be highly compartmentalized within cellular organelles, because many enzymes involved in metabolite conversion show organelle-specific localization. Metabolite levels not only differ in individual organs, cells, and organelles but also fluctuate in response to development ...
Structure/activity studies of anti-inflammatory
... the reference peptide. Peptides containing aminobutyric or aminoisobutyric acid at either position were not inhibitors. Replacement of G4 with either D- or L-Tyr produced excellent inhibitors (Group E), and substitution with other polar (E3), or charged (E4, E5) L-amino acids produced good inhibitor ...
... the reference peptide. Peptides containing aminobutyric or aminoisobutyric acid at either position were not inhibitors. Replacement of G4 with either D- or L-Tyr produced excellent inhibitors (Group E), and substitution with other polar (E3), or charged (E4, E5) L-amino acids produced good inhibitor ...
Idh paper revised II - G3: Genes | Genomes | Genetics
... cleaves additional substrates in the cell death cascade. ...
... cleaves additional substrates in the cell death cascade. ...
Signal transduction
Signal transduction occurs when an extracellular signaling molecule activates a specific receptor located on the cell surface or inside the cell. In turn, this receptor triggers a biochemical chain of events inside the cell, creating a response. Depending on the cell, the response alters the cell's metabolism, shape, gene expression, or ability to divide. The signal can be amplified at any step. Thus, one signaling molecule can cause many responses.