Vesicles versus Tubes: is ER-Golgi Transport in
... sciences. Indeed, and with few exceptions (e.g. Ito et al., 2014) there are few reviews ...
... sciences. Indeed, and with few exceptions (e.g. Ito et al., 2014) there are few reviews ...
Glycerol transport and phosphoenolpyruvate
... Glycerol kinase in these mutants was therefore assumed to possess elevated activity, rendering glycerol uptake and metabolism independent of PTS-mediated activation by phosphorylation. This could indeed be confirmed for the His-232-Arg mutant glycerol kinase of Ent. casseliflavus, which exhibited mu ...
... Glycerol kinase in these mutants was therefore assumed to possess elevated activity, rendering glycerol uptake and metabolism independent of PTS-mediated activation by phosphorylation. This could indeed be confirmed for the His-232-Arg mutant glycerol kinase of Ent. casseliflavus, which exhibited mu ...
Decision making by p53: life, death and cancer
... phosphorylation of p53 on serine 46 will bias the transcriptional repertoire of p53 towards proapoptotic genes, thereby favoring death. An additional twist is introduced by the finding that PPM1D/Wip1, a phosphatase that inhibits serine 46 phosphorylation, is a positive transcriptional target of p53 ...
... phosphorylation of p53 on serine 46 will bias the transcriptional repertoire of p53 towards proapoptotic genes, thereby favoring death. An additional twist is introduced by the finding that PPM1D/Wip1, a phosphatase that inhibits serine 46 phosphorylation, is a positive transcriptional target of p53 ...
Assembling Neural Crest Regulatory Circuits into a Gene
... also remarkable differences between populations of neural crest cells originating from different axial levels within a given species. These include differences in mechanisms of delamination and developmental potential, such as the ability to generate skeletal structures (Graham et al. 2004). For exa ...
... also remarkable differences between populations of neural crest cells originating from different axial levels within a given species. These include differences in mechanisms of delamination and developmental potential, such as the ability to generate skeletal structures (Graham et al. 2004). For exa ...
The Vitamin K-dependent Carboxylase*
... The -glutamyl carboxylase is an integral membrane enzyme bound in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi (20-22) (Fig. 3). Although the enzyme initially proved refractory toward purification (23), it was purified to homogeneity from bovine liver in 1991 (24) and the human and bovine carboxylase cDNA’s ...
... The -glutamyl carboxylase is an integral membrane enzyme bound in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi (20-22) (Fig. 3). Although the enzyme initially proved refractory toward purification (23), it was purified to homogeneity from bovine liver in 1991 (24) and the human and bovine carboxylase cDNA’s ...
Cellulose Biosynthesis Inhibitors - buleria
... Cellulose Biosynthesis Inhibitors: Their Uses as Potential Herbicides and as Tools in Cellulose and Cell Wall Structural Plasticity Research. En “Cellulose: Structure and Properties, Derivatives and Industrial Uses” (A. ...
... Cellulose Biosynthesis Inhibitors: Their Uses as Potential Herbicides and as Tools in Cellulose and Cell Wall Structural Plasticity Research. En “Cellulose: Structure and Properties, Derivatives and Industrial Uses” (A. ...
Linkage Novel Type of Antigen with an Isopeptide Peptide Splicing
... the scissile peptide bond, resulting in the formation of an O-acyl enzyme intermediate and the release of the C-terminal part of the peptide. In a second step, an aminolysis reaction takes place, in which this intermediate ester is captured by an amino group of a second peptide (the C-terminal ligat ...
... the scissile peptide bond, resulting in the formation of an O-acyl enzyme intermediate and the release of the C-terminal part of the peptide. In a second step, an aminolysis reaction takes place, in which this intermediate ester is captured by an amino group of a second peptide (the C-terminal ligat ...
Direct Interaction between Survivin and Smac/DIABLO Is Essential
... Survivin (Surv-BIR) lacking its C-terminal and Smac/DIABLO were also cloned into pEGFP-C1 plasmid, respectively. In addition, the gene fragments (reacted by PCR for primer pairs P12/P1) was used to generated pTRE2/A-Surv (coding for antisense Survivin). The DNA fragment coding for mature Smac/DIABLO ...
... Survivin (Surv-BIR) lacking its C-terminal and Smac/DIABLO were also cloned into pEGFP-C1 plasmid, respectively. In addition, the gene fragments (reacted by PCR for primer pairs P12/P1) was used to generated pTRE2/A-Surv (coding for antisense Survivin). The DNA fragment coding for mature Smac/DIABLO ...
Function and Control of the Spx-Family of Proteins Within
... A complex regulatory network governs the microbial response to encounters with harsh environmental conditions. Such networks also influence essential decisionmaking processes that coordinate metabolic pathways and maintain cellular ultrastructure. The study of such networks has been a fruitful area ...
... A complex regulatory network governs the microbial response to encounters with harsh environmental conditions. Such networks also influence essential decisionmaking processes that coordinate metabolic pathways and maintain cellular ultrastructure. The study of such networks has been a fruitful area ...
Regulation of Gene Expression by Coupling of Alternative Splicing
... deposited in sequence databases. There are a few known examples in which a transcript that should be degraded according to the 50-nucleotide rule is in fact stable and translated to make protein. These include polycistronic transcripts on which translation is reinitiated downstream of a PTC;21-23 ap ...
... deposited in sequence databases. There are a few known examples in which a transcript that should be degraded according to the 50-nucleotide rule is in fact stable and translated to make protein. These include polycistronic transcripts on which translation is reinitiated downstream of a PTC;21-23 ap ...
Actin in Axons: Stable Scaffolds and Dynamic Filaments
... functions, ABPs are the targets of extrinsic and intrinsic signaling pathways. ABPs are categorized by function: (1) sequester, or bind G-actin subunits; (2) nucleate actin polymerization; (3) cap F-actin barbed ends to inhibit polymerization; (4) cap pointed ends to inhibit depolymerization; (5) bi ...
... functions, ABPs are the targets of extrinsic and intrinsic signaling pathways. ABPs are categorized by function: (1) sequester, or bind G-actin subunits; (2) nucleate actin polymerization; (3) cap F-actin barbed ends to inhibit polymerization; (4) cap pointed ends to inhibit depolymerization; (5) bi ...
How cohesin and CTCF cooperate in regulating gene expression
... Many of the ‘CTCF only’ sites may therefore also be bound by cohesin. CTCF sites have also been identified in a number of other studies (see below), and one of these reported more than 20 000 binding sites on human DNA (Barski et al. 2007). It is therefore possible that the human genome contains up ...
... Many of the ‘CTCF only’ sites may therefore also be bound by cohesin. CTCF sites have also been identified in a number of other studies (see below), and one of these reported more than 20 000 binding sites on human DNA (Barski et al. 2007). It is therefore possible that the human genome contains up ...
The Role of Neurotrophins in Neurotransmitter Release
... as though NT signaling plays a fundamental role in both developmental and adult activity-dependent synaptic plasticity through transcriptional and/or translational regulation of proteins, such as those of the SNARE complex, involved in vesicle mobilization, docking, and fusion at the active zone of ...
... as though NT signaling plays a fundamental role in both developmental and adult activity-dependent synaptic plasticity through transcriptional and/or translational regulation of proteins, such as those of the SNARE complex, involved in vesicle mobilization, docking, and fusion at the active zone of ...
Plasma Gelsolin
... electrostatic since it is much stronger than that of similar peptides that have larger positive charges [38]. The gelsolinderived sequence (GSN160-169) (QRLFQVKGRR) competes well with intact gelsolin for binding PPIs, and when added to permeabilized cells exerts effects consistent with a potent inhi ...
... electrostatic since it is much stronger than that of similar peptides that have larger positive charges [38]. The gelsolinderived sequence (GSN160-169) (QRLFQVKGRR) competes well with intact gelsolin for binding PPIs, and when added to permeabilized cells exerts effects consistent with a potent inhi ...
CONTRIBUTION OF DYSFERLIN-CONTAINING
... “proximodistal” presentation [22]. In some instances divergent phenotypes can result from identical mutations within the dysferlin gene, which may result from modifier genes or environmental factors such as activity level [19, 23]. Mild cardiac involvement can occasionally be detected in dysferlinop ...
... “proximodistal” presentation [22]. In some instances divergent phenotypes can result from identical mutations within the dysferlin gene, which may result from modifier genes or environmental factors such as activity level [19, 23]. Mild cardiac involvement can occasionally be detected in dysferlinop ...
Ethanol Potentiation of Glycine-Induced Responses in Dissociated
... fetal alcohol syndrome/fetal alcohol effects are neurobehavioral disturbances, such as hyperactivity, learning disabilities, depression, and psychosis (Clarren and Smith, 1978). The mechanisms underlying EtOH effects on the developing human brain, however, are poorly understood. According to a very ...
... fetal alcohol syndrome/fetal alcohol effects are neurobehavioral disturbances, such as hyperactivity, learning disabilities, depression, and psychosis (Clarren and Smith, 1978). The mechanisms underlying EtOH effects on the developing human brain, however, are poorly understood. According to a very ...
Expression, purification and characterization of azurin derived
... Finally, a special thank for my family for their inconditional support. And to my friends, especially my course colleagues for the relaxing lunch times. A special thank to João for always being there when I most needed. ...
... Finally, a special thank for my family for their inconditional support. And to my friends, especially my course colleagues for the relaxing lunch times. A special thank to João for always being there when I most needed. ...
MEF2 and HDAC Proteins Regulate Striated Muscle
... The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of ...
... The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of ...
375 Na+/Ca2+ ANTIPORT IN THE MAMMALIAN HEART
... mechanisms generate the various isoforms of the antiporter found in different tissues. Analysis of genomic clones reveals the presence of two mutually exclusive exons (A and B) coding for segments of 34 (B) or 35 (A) amino acids between positions 570 and 604/5; the amino acid sequences in these two ...
... mechanisms generate the various isoforms of the antiporter found in different tissues. Analysis of genomic clones reveals the presence of two mutually exclusive exons (A and B) coding for segments of 34 (B) or 35 (A) amino acids between positions 570 and 604/5; the amino acid sequences in these two ...
Mechanisms of animal diapause: recent
... progressive sterility could be reset if the animals passed through the dauer stage (97). Both of these dauer-suppressible phenotypes suggest that as the animal transits through dauer, the various pathways that are active during this state affect gene activity in an unprecedented manner; by altering ...
... progressive sterility could be reset if the animals passed through the dauer stage (97). Both of these dauer-suppressible phenotypes suggest that as the animal transits through dauer, the various pathways that are active during this state affect gene activity in an unprecedented manner; by altering ...
Mechanisms of Leptin Action and Leptin Resistance
... LRb signaling, feedback inhibition, and the regulation of physiology. Leptin binding to the extracellular domain of LRb, the functional leptin receptor isoform, mediates the activation of the intracellular, LRb-associated Jak2 tyrosine kinase, resulting in Jak2 autophosphorylation on tyrosine residu ...
... LRb signaling, feedback inhibition, and the regulation of physiology. Leptin binding to the extracellular domain of LRb, the functional leptin receptor isoform, mediates the activation of the intracellular, LRb-associated Jak2 tyrosine kinase, resulting in Jak2 autophosphorylation on tyrosine residu ...
Quantitative analysis of APP axonal transport in neurons: role of
... ABSTRACT Alzheimer’s β-amyloid precursor protein (APP) associates with kinesin-1 via JNKinteracting protein 1 (JIP1); however, the role of JIP1 in APP transport by kinesin-1 in neurons remains unclear. We performed a quantitative analysis to understand the role of JIP1 in APP axonal transport. In J ...
... ABSTRACT Alzheimer’s β-amyloid precursor protein (APP) associates with kinesin-1 via JNKinteracting protein 1 (JIP1); however, the role of JIP1 in APP transport by kinesin-1 in neurons remains unclear. We performed a quantitative analysis to understand the role of JIP1 in APP axonal transport. In J ...
DISCOVERY OF ENZYMES RESPONSIBLE FOR AN ALTERNATE
... representing the other domains and creating the three domain biological classification system most prominent today. Their unique nature and independent evolutionary history prompts vigorous debate about not only the evolutionary path of all organisms but also the origin of life itself. Investigation ...
... representing the other domains and creating the three domain biological classification system most prominent today. Their unique nature and independent evolutionary history prompts vigorous debate about not only the evolutionary path of all organisms but also the origin of life itself. Investigation ...
Development of prokaryotic cell-free systems for synthetic
... bioRxiv preprint first posted online Apr. 15, 2016; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/048710. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not peer-reviewed) is the author/funder. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. ...
... bioRxiv preprint first posted online Apr. 15, 2016; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/048710. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not peer-reviewed) is the author/funder. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. ...
store-operated calcium channels
... Prakriya M, Lewis RS. Store-Operated Calcium Channels. Physiol Rev 95: 1383–1436, 2015. Published September 23, 2015; doi:10.1152/physrev.00020.2014.—Storeoperated calcium channels (SOCs) are a major pathway for calcium signaling in virtually all metozoan cells and serve a wide variety of functions ...
... Prakriya M, Lewis RS. Store-Operated Calcium Channels. Physiol Rev 95: 1383–1436, 2015. Published September 23, 2015; doi:10.1152/physrev.00020.2014.—Storeoperated calcium channels (SOCs) are a major pathway for calcium signaling in virtually all metozoan cells and serve a wide variety of functions ...
Signal transduction
Signal transduction occurs when an extracellular signaling molecule activates a specific receptor located on the cell surface or inside the cell. In turn, this receptor triggers a biochemical chain of events inside the cell, creating a response. Depending on the cell, the response alters the cell's metabolism, shape, gene expression, or ability to divide. The signal can be amplified at any step. Thus, one signaling molecule can cause many responses.