Aberrant mRNA Transcripts and the Nonsense
... and to genes that were not represented in any of the libraries (effectively randomly selected). Following an RT reaction with oligo(dT) using total RNA from nuclei, and nucleolar and nucleoplasmic fractions, PCR was performed for 24 cycles. The purity of the nucleoplasmic and nucleolar preparations ...
... and to genes that were not represented in any of the libraries (effectively randomly selected). Following an RT reaction with oligo(dT) using total RNA from nuclei, and nucleolar and nucleoplasmic fractions, PCR was performed for 24 cycles. The purity of the nucleoplasmic and nucleolar preparations ...
universidad complutense de madrid - E-Prints Complutense
... It has been described in many eukaryotes including protozoa, metazoans and plants. In metazoans, lamins which constitute the class V of the intermediate filament superfamily are the main components of the lamina. They play important functions in the nucleus such as the regulation of chromatin organi ...
... It has been described in many eukaryotes including protozoa, metazoans and plants. In metazoans, lamins which constitute the class V of the intermediate filament superfamily are the main components of the lamina. They play important functions in the nucleus such as the regulation of chromatin organi ...
Dendritic ion channel trafficking and plasticity
... are four subtypes of HCN genes (HCN1–4) [49], and HCN1 and HCN2 channels are predominantly present in dendrites [47,48]. These channels have very unusual biophysical properties in that they are permeable to both Na+ and K+ and are activated at potentials hyperpolarized to -50 mV. Hence, they are act ...
... are four subtypes of HCN genes (HCN1–4) [49], and HCN1 and HCN2 channels are predominantly present in dendrites [47,48]. These channels have very unusual biophysical properties in that they are permeable to both Na+ and K+ and are activated at potentials hyperpolarized to -50 mV. Hence, they are act ...
Stimulation of Cell Elongation by Tetraploidy in Hypocotyls of Dark
... autopolyploidy and endopolyploidy, both of which have been correlated with cytoplasmic volume and, hence, cell growth [1]. Endopolyploidy, which is essential for angiosperm development, is controlled by an endoreduplication cycle whereby the genome is duplicated without cellular division. Conversely ...
... autopolyploidy and endopolyploidy, both of which have been correlated with cytoplasmic volume and, hence, cell growth [1]. Endopolyploidy, which is essential for angiosperm development, is controlled by an endoreduplication cycle whereby the genome is duplicated without cellular division. Conversely ...
Purification and Partial Characterization of a Latent Serine Protease
... interest is the finding that LSP is a latent enzyme, whose activity can be observed only after the incubation at 4 °c for about 3 weeks. Incubation for shorter periods can also result in the enzyme activation but to a lesser extent. No other treaments so far been tested can overcome the latency unde ...
... interest is the finding that LSP is a latent enzyme, whose activity can be observed only after the incubation at 4 °c for about 3 weeks. Incubation for shorter periods can also result in the enzyme activation but to a lesser extent. No other treaments so far been tested can overcome the latency unde ...
Transport of Storage Proteins to Protein Storage Vacuoles Is
... proteins of pumpkin, namely, 11S globulin and 2S albumin, are not glycosylated. Recently, we isolated a cDNA of the third major storage protein of pumpkin, the 51-kD protein. The cDNA encodes the 100-kD precursor with no possible N-linked glycosylation site (data not shown). Thus, it is not necessar ...
... proteins of pumpkin, namely, 11S globulin and 2S albumin, are not glycosylated. Recently, we isolated a cDNA of the third major storage protein of pumpkin, the 51-kD protein. The cDNA encodes the 100-kD precursor with no possible N-linked glycosylation site (data not shown). Thus, it is not necessar ...
Carbonic anhydrases in plants and algae
... included in this review putative CA genes encoding open reading frames that contain active site residues. A few of these putative CA genes are known only from genomic sequences, but most of them are clearly expressed and have associated expressed sequence tags (ESTs). In only a few cases has enzymat ...
... included in this review putative CA genes encoding open reading frames that contain active site residues. A few of these putative CA genes are known only from genomic sequences, but most of them are clearly expressed and have associated expressed sequence tags (ESTs). In only a few cases has enzymat ...
Cytoskeletal Basis of Organelle Trafficking in the
... organelle movement and pollen tube growth. In eukaryotic cells, organelle transport relies upon the cytoskeleton, mainly microtubules (MTs) and actin filaments (AFs). Both systems take advantage of a particular group of associated proteins, called motor proteins, that use the energy of ATP hydrolysi ...
... organelle movement and pollen tube growth. In eukaryotic cells, organelle transport relies upon the cytoskeleton, mainly microtubules (MTs) and actin filaments (AFs). Both systems take advantage of a particular group of associated proteins, called motor proteins, that use the energy of ATP hydrolysi ...
Sequential Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, Flt
... injury (Fig. 2). In normal muscle, VEGF and Flt-1 were detected in vascular structures but not in muscle fibers, whereas KDR/Flk-1 was scarcely detected in muscle tissue. When muscle regeneration was initiated by freeze injury, VEGF and its receptors were readily observed in the same regenerating mu ...
... injury (Fig. 2). In normal muscle, VEGF and Flt-1 were detected in vascular structures but not in muscle fibers, whereas KDR/Flk-1 was scarcely detected in muscle tissue. When muscle regeneration was initiated by freeze injury, VEGF and its receptors were readily observed in the same regenerating mu ...
as a PDF
... X e n o p u s DMZ arose spontaneously, and several lines of evidence demonstrate that the observed waves in the Xenopus DMZ did not arise as a result of the surgical manipulation of the tissue. Most importantly, no calcium waves were observed in explanted ventral marginal zones or animal caps (Fig. ...
... X e n o p u s DMZ arose spontaneously, and several lines of evidence demonstrate that the observed waves in the Xenopus DMZ did not arise as a result of the surgical manipulation of the tissue. Most importantly, no calcium waves were observed in explanted ventral marginal zones or animal caps (Fig. ...
Ubiquitination and Auxin Signaling: A Degrading Story
... Signaling pathways are rarely straightforward, and auxin signal transduction is no exception. The diverse events in which auxin is involved tell of the daunting complexity behind the plant’s response to auxin. This one molecule can cause changes in rates of cell division and cell elongation, alter i ...
... Signaling pathways are rarely straightforward, and auxin signal transduction is no exception. The diverse events in which auxin is involved tell of the daunting complexity behind the plant’s response to auxin. This one molecule can cause changes in rates of cell division and cell elongation, alter i ...
Jasmonate Controls Leaf Growth by Repressing
... Center, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230–0045, Japan (N.T., T.I., K.S.) ...
... Center, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230–0045, Japan (N.T., T.I., K.S.) ...
Aberrant mRNA Transcripts and the Nonsense
... and to genes that were not represented in any of the libraries (effectively randomly selected). Following an RT reaction with oligo(dT) using total RNA from nuclei, and nucleolar and nucleoplasmic fractions, PCR was performed for 24 cycles. The purity of the nucleoplasmic and nucleolar preparations ...
... and to genes that were not represented in any of the libraries (effectively randomly selected). Following an RT reaction with oligo(dT) using total RNA from nuclei, and nucleolar and nucleoplasmic fractions, PCR was performed for 24 cycles. The purity of the nucleoplasmic and nucleolar preparations ...
Facilitated Hexose Diffusion in Kinetoplastida
... this is located on the amino terminal tail and is predicted to face the cytoplasm. THT2 (Asn-7) and TvHT1 (Asn-10) also have an additional N-glycosylation consensus sequence at similar positions (Barrett et al. 1998). In Leishmania spp., no potential N-linked glycosylation site was identified in the ...
... this is located on the amino terminal tail and is predicted to face the cytoplasm. THT2 (Asn-7) and TvHT1 (Asn-10) also have an additional N-glycosylation consensus sequence at similar positions (Barrett et al. 1998). In Leishmania spp., no potential N-linked glycosylation site was identified in the ...
The Complex Relationship between Liver Cancer and the Cell Cycle
... different phases by diverse mechanisms. While the expression of Cdk2/4/6, in contrast to Cdk1, does not substantially vary between phases, time specific expression of cyclins during cell cycle orchestrates Cdk/cyclin complex formation, activation, and resulting activity. In addition, binding of Cdk ...
... different phases by diverse mechanisms. While the expression of Cdk2/4/6, in contrast to Cdk1, does not substantially vary between phases, time specific expression of cyclins during cell cycle orchestrates Cdk/cyclin complex formation, activation, and resulting activity. In addition, binding of Cdk ...
PDF
... Members of the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) family of transcription factors regulate the specification and differentiation of numerous cell types during embryonic development. Hand1 and Hand2 are expressed by a subset of neural crest cells in the anterior branchial arches and are involved in cranio ...
... Members of the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) family of transcription factors regulate the specification and differentiation of numerous cell types during embryonic development. Hand1 and Hand2 are expressed by a subset of neural crest cells in the anterior branchial arches and are involved in cranio ...
Profilin regulates the activity of p42 , a novel Myb
... was localized in the nucleus (Fig. 2B). To evaluate the significance of the NLS and NES motifs identified in p42POP for cellular localization, several GFP-fused truncated mutants were expressed in PtK2 cells. As shown in Fig. 2D, GFPp42POP and the truncations ∆POP4, ∆POP7 and ∆POP8 were localized to ...
... was localized in the nucleus (Fig. 2B). To evaluate the significance of the NLS and NES motifs identified in p42POP for cellular localization, several GFP-fused truncated mutants were expressed in PtK2 cells. As shown in Fig. 2D, GFPp42POP and the truncations ∆POP4, ∆POP7 and ∆POP8 were localized to ...
Bil 255 – CMB
... 4. GTPase super family: a group of allosteric plasma membrane proteins switching between active/inactive, includes Ras & G-proteins mcb3.29* which invloves COVALENT MODIFICATION of existing enzyme... - addition of P to an inactive enzyme --> activate enzyme via P transfer [reversible phosphorylation ...
... 4. GTPase super family: a group of allosteric plasma membrane proteins switching between active/inactive, includes Ras & G-proteins mcb3.29* which invloves COVALENT MODIFICATION of existing enzyme... - addition of P to an inactive enzyme --> activate enzyme via P transfer [reversible phosphorylation ...
McClay et al.
... We conclude that β-catenin is necessary for specification of vegetal tissues and micromeres are necessary for specification of SMCs in those vegetal tissues. The difficulty with these data is that they reveal little about how β-catenin might be involved in SMC and endoderm specification other than b ...
... We conclude that β-catenin is necessary for specification of vegetal tissues and micromeres are necessary for specification of SMCs in those vegetal tissues. The difficulty with these data is that they reveal little about how β-catenin might be involved in SMC and endoderm specification other than b ...
Biofilm formation by staphylococci and streptococci
... Members of the genus Staphylococcus and Streptococcus are commensals and opportunistic pathogens that cause a variety of infections in human and animals. Biofilm formation is an important survival strategy adopted by these Gram-positive cocci. Biofilms are surface-associated, specialized multicellul ...
... Members of the genus Staphylococcus and Streptococcus are commensals and opportunistic pathogens that cause a variety of infections in human and animals. Biofilm formation is an important survival strategy adopted by these Gram-positive cocci. Biofilms are surface-associated, specialized multicellul ...
Biofilm formation by staphylococci and streptococci: structural
... Members of the genus Staphylococcus and Streptococcus are commensals and opportunistic pathogens that cause a variety of infections in human and animals. Biofilm formation is an important survival strategy adopted by these Gram-positive cocci. Biofilms are surface-associated, specialized multicellul ...
... Members of the genus Staphylococcus and Streptococcus are commensals and opportunistic pathogens that cause a variety of infections in human and animals. Biofilm formation is an important survival strategy adopted by these Gram-positive cocci. Biofilms are surface-associated, specialized multicellul ...
Lipid rafts
... uptake, thereby providing a supply of cholesterol to neurons. Excess cholesterol is hydroxylated by CYP46A1 to 24-OHC, which diffuses into the circulation. In astrocytes, 24-OHC binds to LXRs, which upregulate ApoE and ABCA1 expression. Cholesterol synthesis is also linked to the mevalonate pathway ...
... uptake, thereby providing a supply of cholesterol to neurons. Excess cholesterol is hydroxylated by CYP46A1 to 24-OHC, which diffuses into the circulation. In astrocytes, 24-OHC binds to LXRs, which upregulate ApoE and ABCA1 expression. Cholesterol synthesis is also linked to the mevalonate pathway ...
Effect of n-butanol and cold pretreatment on the cytoskeleton and
... decreases the production of a signaling phospholipid, phosphatidic acid (PA), catalysed by phospholipase D (EC 3.1.4.4, PLD) (Liscovitch et al. 2000). Phosphatidic acid antagonist effect of nbutanol is not selective to PLD isoforms, as it diverts the transphosphatidylation reaction step, typical of ...
... decreases the production of a signaling phospholipid, phosphatidic acid (PA), catalysed by phospholipase D (EC 3.1.4.4, PLD) (Liscovitch et al. 2000). Phosphatidic acid antagonist effect of nbutanol is not selective to PLD isoforms, as it diverts the transphosphatidylation reaction step, typical of ...
The role of AMP-activated protein kinase in the coordination of
... mRNA 7-methylguanosine cap structure, allowing the assembly of the preinitiation complex (128). S6K1 activation needs initial phosphorylation by mTORC1 at Thr389 (101) and additional inputs on Thr229 for full activation by the phosphoinositide-dependent kinase 1 (PDK1) (95). S6K1-mediated regulation ...
... mRNA 7-methylguanosine cap structure, allowing the assembly of the preinitiation complex (128). S6K1 activation needs initial phosphorylation by mTORC1 at Thr389 (101) and additional inputs on Thr229 for full activation by the phosphoinositide-dependent kinase 1 (PDK1) (95). S6K1-mediated regulation ...
Signal transduction
Signal transduction occurs when an extracellular signaling molecule activates a specific receptor located on the cell surface or inside the cell. In turn, this receptor triggers a biochemical chain of events inside the cell, creating a response. Depending on the cell, the response alters the cell's metabolism, shape, gene expression, or ability to divide. The signal can be amplified at any step. Thus, one signaling molecule can cause many responses.