On the Morphology of the Drosophila Heart
... provided new insights into general aspects of cardiogenesis, heart physiology and cardiac aging, to name a few examples. In recent years, the Drosophila heart has also attracted the attention of researchers in the field of biomedicine. This development is mainly due to the fact that several genes ca ...
... provided new insights into general aspects of cardiogenesis, heart physiology and cardiac aging, to name a few examples. In recent years, the Drosophila heart has also attracted the attention of researchers in the field of biomedicine. This development is mainly due to the fact that several genes ca ...
Metabolism, cell growth and the bacterial cell cycle
... that the factors triggering initiation differ depending on growth rate45,47,48. For these reasons, we favour an integrated model in which multiple factors control origin firing. each factor would be more or less important depending on the growth rate — for example, factor ‘X’ could be important at r ...
... that the factors triggering initiation differ depending on growth rate45,47,48. For these reasons, we favour an integrated model in which multiple factors control origin firing. each factor would be more or less important depending on the growth rate — for example, factor ‘X’ could be important at r ...
DMSO (dimethylsulfoxide), a potent inducer of
... B again disappeared almost completely after induction. This indicates that the site, where transcription is not allowed to proceed after DMSO treatment, is before or close to the AvaI site. Proflavine allows readthrough. The intercalating agent proflavine prevents processing of RNA as well as transc ...
... B again disappeared almost completely after induction. This indicates that the site, where transcription is not allowed to proceed after DMSO treatment, is before or close to the AvaI site. Proflavine allows readthrough. The intercalating agent proflavine prevents processing of RNA as well as transc ...
Hormonally Regulated Programmed Cell Death in
... from the continued activity of cell wall–degrading enzymes on incompletely protoplasted cells. In all protoplast preparations, there are cells at the end of the enzyme treatment that have not had their walls removed fully by cell wall–digesting enzymes. These cells are easily recognized because they ...
... from the continued activity of cell wall–degrading enzymes on incompletely protoplasted cells. In all protoplast preparations, there are cells at the end of the enzyme treatment that have not had their walls removed fully by cell wall–digesting enzymes. These cells are easily recognized because they ...
The Neurosecretory Neuron in Neuroendocrine
... To reach the remainder of the endocrine system, nerve cells have to produce and release hormones which are better suited for the task at hand. By definition, hormonal mediators bridge distances and affect multiple instead of single target cells over a certain (often considerably sustained) period of ...
... To reach the remainder of the endocrine system, nerve cells have to produce and release hormones which are better suited for the task at hand. By definition, hormonal mediators bridge distances and affect multiple instead of single target cells over a certain (often considerably sustained) period of ...
Plant Gravitropism. Unraveling the Ups and
... tip to regain its orientation along the GSPA. As discussed in our previous Update (Chen et al., 1999), different cells are specialized to carry out these successive phases of gravitropism in monocots and dicots. For instance, in roots, gravity is perceived mainly by the columella cells of the root c ...
... tip to regain its orientation along the GSPA. As discussed in our previous Update (Chen et al., 1999), different cells are specialized to carry out these successive phases of gravitropism in monocots and dicots. For instance, in roots, gravity is perceived mainly by the columella cells of the root c ...
The Golgi-Localized Arabidopsis Endomembrane
... EMP12 in this study; see Supplemental Figure 1 online) share high similarity at the amino acid level and in predicted topology. All At EMPs are predicted to have a large lumenal N-terminal domain, followed by nine TMDs and a short CT (Figure 1A). Eleven At EMP members (excluding EMP1) are predicted ...
... EMP12 in this study; see Supplemental Figure 1 online) share high similarity at the amino acid level and in predicted topology. All At EMPs are predicted to have a large lumenal N-terminal domain, followed by nine TMDs and a short CT (Figure 1A). Eleven At EMP members (excluding EMP1) are predicted ...
RNA Processing Bodies, Peroxisomes, Golgi
... et al. 2010). Interestingly, although actin filaments sustain long-distance transport of plant organelles, it has recently been observed that microtubules influence short-distance behavior, causing pauses for both peroxisomes (Chuong et al. 2005) and the Golgi (Crowell et al. 2009, Gutierrez et al. ...
... et al. 2010). Interestingly, although actin filaments sustain long-distance transport of plant organelles, it has recently been observed that microtubules influence short-distance behavior, causing pauses for both peroxisomes (Chuong et al. 2005) and the Golgi (Crowell et al. 2009, Gutierrez et al. ...
A unifying model for mTORC1-mediated regulation of mRNA translation Please share
... To understand why the translation of TOP and TOP-like mRNAs has a 4E-BP mediated hyper-dependence on mTOR, we considered the established functions of the 4E-BPs3. A key step in eIF4E-dependent initiation is the cooperative binding of eIF4E and eIF4G1 to mRNA, which nucleates the eIF4F complex26. eIF ...
... To understand why the translation of TOP and TOP-like mRNAs has a 4E-BP mediated hyper-dependence on mTOR, we considered the established functions of the 4E-BPs3. A key step in eIF4E-dependent initiation is the cooperative binding of eIF4E and eIF4G1 to mRNA, which nucleates the eIF4F complex26. eIF ...
Regulation of Chlamydomonas flagella and ependymal cell motile
... cytometer and by measuring optical absorbance of chlorophyll at and generates plant sphingolipids 450 nm. At a concentration of myriocin as low as 5 nM, approxiThere is no prior information on the presence of sphingolipids or mately half of the cells were immotile (Figure 3B). At 10 nM myrioenzymes ...
... cytometer and by measuring optical absorbance of chlorophyll at and generates plant sphingolipids 450 nm. At a concentration of myriocin as low as 5 nM, approxiThere is no prior information on the presence of sphingolipids or mately half of the cells were immotile (Figure 3B). At 10 nM myrioenzymes ...
Key Considerations in Capsule Filling
... capsules are typically not fully characterized at this stage, they must be treated as high-potency to protect the researchers handling them, because any spillage or exposure presents a potential safety risk. Often, only a limited quantity of the drug substance is available. When working with a new c ...
... capsules are typically not fully characterized at this stage, they must be treated as high-potency to protect the researchers handling them, because any spillage or exposure presents a potential safety risk. Often, only a limited quantity of the drug substance is available. When working with a new c ...
Arginine-glycine-aspartic acid motif incorporated within turnip yellow
... proteins and facilitate cellular adhesion. Integrin (protein receptor) Integrin is a ligand used by some cells and viruses for adhesion and cell signaling. Stem cells up-regulate Integrin production. ...
... proteins and facilitate cellular adhesion. Integrin (protein receptor) Integrin is a ligand used by some cells and viruses for adhesion and cell signaling. Stem cells up-regulate Integrin production. ...
Modulation of T cell signaling by the actin cytoskeleton
... Fig. 1. Schematic diagrams of the immunological synapse at the junction between a T cell and an antigen-presenting cell (APC). (A) T cell activation leads to large-scale protein segregation in the immunological synapse, which is a specialized cell–cell junction. (B) Proteins are translocated and dif ...
... Fig. 1. Schematic diagrams of the immunological synapse at the junction between a T cell and an antigen-presenting cell (APC). (A) T cell activation leads to large-scale protein segregation in the immunological synapse, which is a specialized cell–cell junction. (B) Proteins are translocated and dif ...
Contributions by members of the TGFbeta superfamily to lens
... Several characteristics of the lens make it particularly suitable for studying growth factor signaling. Analysis of tissue interactions is simplified, because the lens has no connective tissues, nerves or vascular supply and the capsule separates lens cells from contact with other cell types. Sheets ...
... Several characteristics of the lens make it particularly suitable for studying growth factor signaling. Analysis of tissue interactions is simplified, because the lens has no connective tissues, nerves or vascular supply and the capsule separates lens cells from contact with other cell types. Sheets ...
structural responses of amoebae
... membranes, and clumps of a fiocculent dense material were observed in the cytoplasmic matrix (Fig. 1). The most prominent change in cells fixed 6 or 12 h after injection was the presence of structurally abnormal organelles within membrane-bounded spaces in the cytoplasm (Figs. 2-4). Organelles segre ...
... membranes, and clumps of a fiocculent dense material were observed in the cytoplasmic matrix (Fig. 1). The most prominent change in cells fixed 6 or 12 h after injection was the presence of structurally abnormal organelles within membrane-bounded spaces in the cytoplasm (Figs. 2-4). Organelles segre ...
Morphogenesis of complex plant cell shapes: the mechanical role of
... removed the pectic outer layer by treating chemically-fixed tubes with pectinase. Prior to enzyme treatment, the surface of the pollen tube appeared to be relatively uniformly patterned with small wrinkles in ...
... removed the pectic outer layer by treating chemically-fixed tubes with pectinase. Prior to enzyme treatment, the surface of the pollen tube appeared to be relatively uniformly patterned with small wrinkles in ...
PDF - International Journal of Biological Sciences
... trans-epithelial migration. Nano-mechanical studies of human neutrophils on localized nano-domains could provide the essential information for understanding their immune responsive functions. Using the Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) – based micro-rheology, we have investigated rheological properties ...
... trans-epithelial migration. Nano-mechanical studies of human neutrophils on localized nano-domains could provide the essential information for understanding their immune responsive functions. Using the Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) – based micro-rheology, we have investigated rheological properties ...
Adenomatous polyposis coli - Journal of Cell Science
... The adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene is a key tumor suppressor gene. Mutations in the gene have been found not only in most colon cancers but also in some other cancers, such as those of the liver. The APC gene product is a 312 kDa protein that has multiple domains, through which it binds to va ...
... The adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene is a key tumor suppressor gene. Mutations in the gene have been found not only in most colon cancers but also in some other cancers, such as those of the liver. The APC gene product is a 312 kDa protein that has multiple domains, through which it binds to va ...
r-Gir - Microbiology
... albicans has been the focus of my interests for many years. We have, over the years, worked with this fungus at the cellular, physiological and molecular levels in order to understand the mechanism that regulates the yeast to hyphal transition and the role of germ-tube growth in the obligate associa ...
... albicans has been the focus of my interests for many years. We have, over the years, worked with this fungus at the cellular, physiological and molecular levels in order to understand the mechanism that regulates the yeast to hyphal transition and the role of germ-tube growth in the obligate associa ...
Examiners` Report - Edexcel
... Overall, many candidate’s failure to read questions carefully and actually use information presented on the question paper cost many candidates vital marks. There was evidence of a good understanding of the ultrastructure of the cell, with knowledge of the roles of the different organelles, especial ...
... Overall, many candidate’s failure to read questions carefully and actually use information presented on the question paper cost many candidates vital marks. There was evidence of a good understanding of the ultrastructure of the cell, with knowledge of the roles of the different organelles, especial ...
Cell encapsulation
Cell microencapsulation technology involves immobilization of the cells within a polymeric semi-permeable membrane that permits the bidirectional diffusion of molecules such as the influx of oxygen, nutrients, growth factors etc. essential for cell metabolism and the outward diffusion of waste products and therapeutic proteins. At the same time, the semi-permeable nature of the membrane prevents immune cells and antibodies from destroying the encapsulated cells regarding them as foreign invaders.The main motive of cell encapsulation technology is to overcome the existing problem of graft rejection in tissue engineering applications and thus reduce the need for long-term use of immunosuppressive drugs after an organ transplant to control side effects.