The Vps13p–Cdc31p complex is directly required for TGN late
... Yeast VPS13 is the founding member of a eukaryotic gene family of growing interest in cell biology and medicine. Mutations in three of four human VPS13 genes cause autosomal recessive neurodegenerative or neurodevelopmental disease, making yeast Vps13p an important structural and functional model. U ...
... Yeast VPS13 is the founding member of a eukaryotic gene family of growing interest in cell biology and medicine. Mutations in three of four human VPS13 genes cause autosomal recessive neurodegenerative or neurodevelopmental disease, making yeast Vps13p an important structural and functional model. U ...
Interleukin-6 in Sepsis and Capillary Leakage Syndrome - Labor
... Bacterial sepsis is one of the most frequent and dreaded causes of death in intensive care units. According to the current understanding of sepsis, bacterial components activate innate immune responses via pattern-recognition receptors that stimulate signaling pathways, thereby leading to activation ...
... Bacterial sepsis is one of the most frequent and dreaded causes of death in intensive care units. According to the current understanding of sepsis, bacterial components activate innate immune responses via pattern-recognition receptors that stimulate signaling pathways, thereby leading to activation ...
HYDROGELS AS A DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM AND APPLICATIONS: A REVIEW
... The microbial enzymes that are predominantly present in the colon can be used as signals for site-specific delivery of drugs to the colon. Hovgaard et al. [14] focused on the fact that microbial enzymes in the colon, such as dextranases, can degrade the polysaccharide dextran. They prepared dextran ...
... The microbial enzymes that are predominantly present in the colon can be used as signals for site-specific delivery of drugs to the colon. Hovgaard et al. [14] focused on the fact that microbial enzymes in the colon, such as dextranases, can degrade the polysaccharide dextran. They prepared dextran ...
Pancreas or liver choice within endoderm
... lung and intestine have only recently begun to be investigated. While much is known about how these organs undergo differentiation, growth and morphogenesis (Hogan, 1999), we know little about how different domains of gut endoderm give rise to these tissues in the first place (Wells and Melton, 1999 ...
... lung and intestine have only recently begun to be investigated. While much is known about how these organs undergo differentiation, growth and morphogenesis (Hogan, 1999), we know little about how different domains of gut endoderm give rise to these tissues in the first place (Wells and Melton, 1999 ...
Title Determination of Cathepsins D and E in Various Tissues and
... be noted that our method enabled quantitative determination of cathepins D and E in some tissues such as nervous tissues where the levels of cathepsins D and E were very low. This high sensitivity is due to high hydrolytic activities of cathepsins D and E against β-endorphin and substance P, respect ...
... be noted that our method enabled quantitative determination of cathepins D and E in some tissues such as nervous tissues where the levels of cathepsins D and E were very low. This high sensitivity is due to high hydrolytic activities of cathepsins D and E against β-endorphin and substance P, respect ...
Ion Changes in Legume Root Hairs Responding to Nod
... A more recent study of Vigna root hairs allows that active Nod factors induce a rapid (within a few seconds) plateau-like increase in intracellular Ca2⫹ (Gehring et al., 1997). However, the results presented to support their conclusion are fraught with substantial problems. Gehring et al. (1997) use ...
... A more recent study of Vigna root hairs allows that active Nod factors induce a rapid (within a few seconds) plateau-like increase in intracellular Ca2⫹ (Gehring et al., 1997). However, the results presented to support their conclusion are fraught with substantial problems. Gehring et al. (1997) use ...
Daughter-Specific Transcription Factors Regulate Cell Size Control
... S4). This delay in Start is most readily detectable in glycerolethanol medium (Figure 1C) (p value,10270; Table S4), in which cell growth is much slower than in glucose medium. Slower growth means that the mother cell feeds less biomass into the daughter cell, resulting in smaller daughter size at t ...
... S4). This delay in Start is most readily detectable in glycerolethanol medium (Figure 1C) (p value,10270; Table S4), in which cell growth is much slower than in glucose medium. Slower growth means that the mother cell feeds less biomass into the daughter cell, resulting in smaller daughter size at t ...
Small molecule screening in zebrafish
... Figure 2 Creative examples of chemical biology in zebrafish. The zebrafish system can be used in a wide range of chemical biology experiments and screens. A. Zebrafish as young as four dpf have active and sleep-like states. Continuous tracking of movement behaviours of the embryos during rest and wa ...
... Figure 2 Creative examples of chemical biology in zebrafish. The zebrafish system can be used in a wide range of chemical biology experiments and screens. A. Zebrafish as young as four dpf have active and sleep-like states. Continuous tracking of movement behaviours of the embryos during rest and wa ...
Subcellular localization of peroxidase in tomato fruit skin and the
... membrane. While cross-linking in cell wall components was previously assumed to be the mechanism by which peroxidase might control fruit growth, the incorporation of `lignin-like' phenolics may also play a part. Isoelectric focusing (IEF) of both symplastic and apoplastic peroxidase extracted from i ...
... membrane. While cross-linking in cell wall components was previously assumed to be the mechanism by which peroxidase might control fruit growth, the incorporation of `lignin-like' phenolics may also play a part. Isoelectric focusing (IEF) of both symplastic and apoplastic peroxidase extracted from i ...
Fengyan Jin1*, Wei Li1, Joel G. Turner
... anti-angiogenesis as a potential anti-cancer therapy due to dependency of solid tumors on angiogenesis induced by a factor secreted from these tumors, and his colleagues discovered that thalidomide functions as an inhibitor of angiogenesis triggered by basic fibroblast growth factor in a rabbit corn ...
... anti-angiogenesis as a potential anti-cancer therapy due to dependency of solid tumors on angiogenesis induced by a factor secreted from these tumors, and his colleagues discovered that thalidomide functions as an inhibitor of angiogenesis triggered by basic fibroblast growth factor in a rabbit corn ...
... Patients with moderate to severe asthma (forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) ≤70% predicted despite high-dose inhaled GC therapy) were characterized clinically as sensitive or resistant to oral GC therapy according to their FEV1 response to orally administered prednisolone [10, 22]. After ...
FOXO1 Plays an Essential Role in Apoptosis of Retinal
... In vitro experiments demonstrated that apoptosis is increased in retinal pericytes with increased concentrations of TNF-α in a dose-dependent manner (Figure 1A). TNF-α at 20 ng/ml increased apoptosis in pericytes sevenfold compared with the control, which was statistically significant (p<0.05). Simi ...
... In vitro experiments demonstrated that apoptosis is increased in retinal pericytes with increased concentrations of TNF-α in a dose-dependent manner (Figure 1A). TNF-α at 20 ng/ml increased apoptosis in pericytes sevenfold compared with the control, which was statistically significant (p<0.05). Simi ...
DC-derived exosomes bear molecules involved in
... extracellular exosomes with DC is unknown. Although there is evidence that exosomes may transfer functional MHC-I/peptide complexes to DC 24, it is unclear whether exosomes cluster or fuse with DC, or if they are internalized and processed, as occurs with vesicles derived from apoptotic cells 2-5. H ...
... extracellular exosomes with DC is unknown. Although there is evidence that exosomes may transfer functional MHC-I/peptide complexes to DC 24, it is unclear whether exosomes cluster or fuse with DC, or if they are internalized and processed, as occurs with vesicles derived from apoptotic cells 2-5. H ...
MAPK-mediated Phosphorylation of GATA-1 Promotes Expression and Cell Survival* Bcl-X □
... is also an essential component of the antiapoptotic network of IL-3 in an IL-3-dependent pro-B cell line (17). In this report, we sought to investigate how IL-3 regulates GATA-1, which in turn induces the expression of E4bp4. First we tested whether the protein level of GATA-1 is altered by IL-3. We ...
... is also an essential component of the antiapoptotic network of IL-3 in an IL-3-dependent pro-B cell line (17). In this report, we sought to investigate how IL-3 regulates GATA-1, which in turn induces the expression of E4bp4. First we tested whether the protein level of GATA-1 is altered by IL-3. We ...
Logistics of water and salt transport through the plant
... played no role in this phenomenon was contradicted by Zwieniecki et al. (2001). The latter authors reached the same conclusion as formulated by Zimmermann (1978) namely that the observed change in hydraulic resistance when changing the ionic composition of the xylem sap is due to the pit membranes c ...
... played no role in this phenomenon was contradicted by Zwieniecki et al. (2001). The latter authors reached the same conclusion as formulated by Zimmermann (1978) namely that the observed change in hydraulic resistance when changing the ionic composition of the xylem sap is due to the pit membranes c ...
Bugging the cell wall of bacteria
... for Lipid II in wall-less species indicate its involvement in other cellular processes, such as cell division [28]. Lipid II is a target for several classes of antibiotics, such as the glycopeptides and the lantibiotics. They share the common action of preventing incorporation of Lipid II, thereby ...
... for Lipid II in wall-less species indicate its involvement in other cellular processes, such as cell division [28]. Lipid II is a target for several classes of antibiotics, such as the glycopeptides and the lantibiotics. They share the common action of preventing incorporation of Lipid II, thereby ...
Fibrous proteins and collagen
... Each fibrous protein exhibits special mechanical properties, resulting from its unique structure, which are obtained by combining specific amino acids into regular, secondary structural elements. This is in contrast to globular proteins, whose shapes are the result of complex interactions between se ...
... Each fibrous protein exhibits special mechanical properties, resulting from its unique structure, which are obtained by combining specific amino acids into regular, secondary structural elements. This is in contrast to globular proteins, whose shapes are the result of complex interactions between se ...
REACTIVATION IN VITRO OF IMMUNOCOMPETENCE IN
... Inasmuch as cells syngeneic to the neonatal spleen will not induce splenomegaly, it was possible to design a set of experiments to determine the origin of the immunocompetent cells present in such cultures (cf. also reference 24). Thus experiments were performed in which thymus or bone marrow was ob ...
... Inasmuch as cells syngeneic to the neonatal spleen will not induce splenomegaly, it was possible to design a set of experiments to determine the origin of the immunocompetent cells present in such cultures (cf. also reference 24). Thus experiments were performed in which thymus or bone marrow was ob ...
Cell encapsulation
Cell microencapsulation technology involves immobilization of the cells within a polymeric semi-permeable membrane that permits the bidirectional diffusion of molecules such as the influx of oxygen, nutrients, growth factors etc. essential for cell metabolism and the outward diffusion of waste products and therapeutic proteins. At the same time, the semi-permeable nature of the membrane prevents immune cells and antibodies from destroying the encapsulated cells regarding them as foreign invaders.The main motive of cell encapsulation technology is to overcome the existing problem of graft rejection in tissue engineering applications and thus reduce the need for long-term use of immunosuppressive drugs after an organ transplant to control side effects.