Full Text - Harvard University
... The diverse tracheid wall anatomies found among Early Devonian vascular plants (8) trend from unlignified conducting cells (3) through increasingly lignified tracheids, initially in the secondary wall (4, 5, 8, 11) (Fig. 3). Such small, simple plants could have relied exclusively on turgor pressure ...
... The diverse tracheid wall anatomies found among Early Devonian vascular plants (8) trend from unlignified conducting cells (3) through increasingly lignified tracheids, initially in the secondary wall (4, 5, 8, 11) (Fig. 3). Such small, simple plants could have relied exclusively on turgor pressure ...
study of apelin and its effects
... human. The apelinergic system may constitute a very important metabolic system for further investigation as it may be a potential target for prospective therapeutic applications on heart failure, diabetes mellitus type 2 and hypertension. ...
... human. The apelinergic system may constitute a very important metabolic system for further investigation as it may be a potential target for prospective therapeutic applications on heart failure, diabetes mellitus type 2 and hypertension. ...
Cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induced by the coronavirus
... carcinoma cell line, was used in this study. Similar to the typical cytopathic effects (CPE) in Vero cells, IBV infection of H1299 cells showed rounding up and fusion of infected cells to form giant multinucleated syncytia, detachment of infected cells from the culture dish, and eventually cell lysi ...
... carcinoma cell line, was used in this study. Similar to the typical cytopathic effects (CPE) in Vero cells, IBV infection of H1299 cells showed rounding up and fusion of infected cells to form giant multinucleated syncytia, detachment of infected cells from the culture dish, and eventually cell lysi ...
Signalling in Plant Lateral Organ Development
... A plant lateral organ, defined here as either a leaf or a leaflike organ of the shoot or flower, arises from a group of initial cells within the flanks of the shoot apical meristem (SAM) or floral meristem. For example, the tobacco leaf is formed from a group of 100 initial cells in all three histo ...
... A plant lateral organ, defined here as either a leaf or a leaflike organ of the shoot or flower, arises from a group of initial cells within the flanks of the shoot apical meristem (SAM) or floral meristem. For example, the tobacco leaf is formed from a group of 100 initial cells in all three histo ...
Protein Expression in the Drosophila Schneider 2 Cell System
... and mammalian protein overexpression systems have led to the exploitation of insect cell systems for the overexpression of functional proteins from a variety of sources. In contrast to the transient, baculoviral-aided overexpression of recombinant proteins in insect Sf9 cells (Bernard et al., 1999; ...
... and mammalian protein overexpression systems have led to the exploitation of insect cell systems for the overexpression of functional proteins from a variety of sources. In contrast to the transient, baculoviral-aided overexpression of recombinant proteins in insect Sf9 cells (Bernard et al., 1999; ...
transcription factor foxc2 demarcates the jugular lymphangiogenic
... winged-helix transcription factor FOXC2 cause the lymphedema-distichiasis syndrome, which is characterized by a double row of eyelashes and pubertal onset lymphedema of the legs due to hyperplasia and malformation of lymphatic collectors. While a function of FOXC2 for the differentiation of lymphati ...
... winged-helix transcription factor FOXC2 cause the lymphedema-distichiasis syndrome, which is characterized by a double row of eyelashes and pubertal onset lymphedema of the legs due to hyperplasia and malformation of lymphatic collectors. While a function of FOXC2 for the differentiation of lymphati ...
Cells are the basic units of all living things.
... iving things need a suitable habitat that supplies their basic needs for oxygen, food, and water. They convert energy with these resources and carry out a variety of activities. Early doctors and scientists could only guess at how living things carried out these activities. They studied whole plants ...
... iving things need a suitable habitat that supplies their basic needs for oxygen, food, and water. They convert energy with these resources and carry out a variety of activities. Early doctors and scientists could only guess at how living things carried out these activities. They studied whole plants ...
Section 2
... when your cells release stored energy from food. The burning of food in living cells is not the same as the burning of logs in a campfire. When logs burn, the energy stored in wood is released as thermal energy and light in a single reaction. But this kind of reaction is not the kind that happens in ...
... when your cells release stored energy from food. The burning of food in living cells is not the same as the burning of logs in a campfire. When logs burn, the energy stored in wood is released as thermal energy and light in a single reaction. But this kind of reaction is not the kind that happens in ...
G protein - HCC Learning Web
... • An activated hormone-receptor complex can act as a transcription factor, turning on specific genes © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
... • An activated hormone-receptor complex can act as a transcription factor, turning on specific genes © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
Regulation of Muscle Protein Synthesis and
... through a delicate balance of signaling pathways that stimulate anabolism or hypertrophy of muscle cells through the protein translation machinery or control catabolism or atrophy by inducing protein breakdown. The main regulator of hypertrophy is the Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway ...
... through a delicate balance of signaling pathways that stimulate anabolism or hypertrophy of muscle cells through the protein translation machinery or control catabolism or atrophy by inducing protein breakdown. The main regulator of hypertrophy is the Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway ...
www.bio-protocol.org/e2074 Electro
... [Abstract] Electro-fusion system with isolated gametes has been utilized to dissect fertilization-induced events in angiosperms, such as egg activation, zygote development and early embryogenesis, since the female gametophytes of plants are deeply embedded within ovaries. In this protocol, procedure ...
... [Abstract] Electro-fusion system with isolated gametes has been utilized to dissect fertilization-induced events in angiosperms, such as egg activation, zygote development and early embryogenesis, since the female gametophytes of plants are deeply embedded within ovaries. In this protocol, procedure ...
Shroom3-mediated recruitment of Rho kinases to the apical cell
... at the apical junctions; Shroom3 depletion or RII-C1 expression in the tube removed these apically localized ROCKs, and concomitantly blocked neural tube closure. Closing neural plate exhibited peculiar cell assemblies, including rosette formation, as well as a planar-polarized distribution of phosp ...
... at the apical junctions; Shroom3 depletion or RII-C1 expression in the tube removed these apically localized ROCKs, and concomitantly blocked neural tube closure. Closing neural plate exhibited peculiar cell assemblies, including rosette formation, as well as a planar-polarized distribution of phosp ...
Shroom3-mediated recruitment of Rho kinases to the apical cell
... at the apical junctions; Shroom3 depletion or RII-C1 expression in the tube removed these apically localized ROCKs, and concomitantly blocked neural tube closure. Closing neural plate exhibited peculiar cell assemblies, including rosette formation, as well as a planar-polarized distribution of phosp ...
... at the apical junctions; Shroom3 depletion or RII-C1 expression in the tube removed these apically localized ROCKs, and concomitantly blocked neural tube closure. Closing neural plate exhibited peculiar cell assemblies, including rosette formation, as well as a planar-polarized distribution of phosp ...
Jan24_08
... -Consumers of algae consume sugars and lipids for energy -Lipids are needed by algae for buoyancy in water 3. Cellular Organization -Nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplast, set up establishes evolutionary trail. 4. Molecular Phylogeny -Evolution into different organisms from a primary source. 5. Morphol ...
... -Consumers of algae consume sugars and lipids for energy -Lipids are needed by algae for buoyancy in water 3. Cellular Organization -Nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplast, set up establishes evolutionary trail. 4. Molecular Phylogeny -Evolution into different organisms from a primary source. 5. Morphol ...
Document
... nuclear membrane remains intact even in cell division. The nucleus is therefore the most important organelle of every protozoan. Majority of protozoa have a single nucleus, except at the time of multiplication, when two or even more may present. Some protozoan have two similar or dissimilar nuclei f ...
... nuclear membrane remains intact even in cell division. The nucleus is therefore the most important organelle of every protozoan. Majority of protozoa have a single nucleus, except at the time of multiplication, when two or even more may present. Some protozoan have two similar or dissimilar nuclei f ...
3. Bacterial Cytology
... interpret. Interpreting a Gram stain (Gram-reaction, cell shape and arrangement) is a criticalthinking process, and there are a variety of considerations that must be taken into account. ! Destaining is the most critical step of the procedure. Destaining takes practice and skill. Over-destaining wil ...
... interpret. Interpreting a Gram stain (Gram-reaction, cell shape and arrangement) is a criticalthinking process, and there are a variety of considerations that must be taken into account. ! Destaining is the most critical step of the procedure. Destaining takes practice and skill. Over-destaining wil ...
Expression of the Fgf6 gene is restricted to
... growth factor also requires precise knowledge of the distribution of its cognate receptor. Four high affinity FGF receptor (FGFR) genes belonging to the the family of receptor-type tyrosine kinases have been cloned (Givol and Yayon, 1992, for review). Of the patterns of Fgfr expression that have bee ...
... growth factor also requires precise knowledge of the distribution of its cognate receptor. Four high affinity FGF receptor (FGFR) genes belonging to the the family of receptor-type tyrosine kinases have been cloned (Givol and Yayon, 1992, for review). Of the patterns of Fgfr expression that have bee ...
DNA Strand Breaks Produced by Etoposide
... strand breaks by etoposide (VP-16) and its relationship to drug cytotoxicity. It was shown that the resistant MCF-7 cell line was cross-resistant to VP-16, and the degree of resistance was found to be 125-200-fold. Alkaline elution studies indicated that the parental cell line was very sensitive to ...
... strand breaks by etoposide (VP-16) and its relationship to drug cytotoxicity. It was shown that the resistant MCF-7 cell line was cross-resistant to VP-16, and the degree of resistance was found to be 125-200-fold. Alkaline elution studies indicated that the parental cell line was very sensitive to ...
Phenotypic variation in bacteria: the role of feedback
... proteins, the expression of two genetic pathways can be visualized simultaneously within the same isogenic strain (panel b). Flow-cytometric analysis allows rapid investigation of a single-cell-expression pattern. Depending on the flow cytometer and the settings used, the fluorescence of more than 1 ...
... proteins, the expression of two genetic pathways can be visualized simultaneously within the same isogenic strain (panel b). Flow-cytometric analysis allows rapid investigation of a single-cell-expression pattern. Depending on the flow cytometer and the settings used, the fluorescence of more than 1 ...
Moore_Timothy_LIfe Science Semester 1 Assessment
... Which of these is not one of the domains of life? Eukarya Bacteria Protozoa Archaea Starches are an example of which type of organic molecule? carbohydrate protein nucleic acid lipid Which part of the eukaryotic cell contains information to direct the cell’s functions? ribosome cytoplasm mitochondri ...
... Which of these is not one of the domains of life? Eukarya Bacteria Protozoa Archaea Starches are an example of which type of organic molecule? carbohydrate protein nucleic acid lipid Which part of the eukaryotic cell contains information to direct the cell’s functions? ribosome cytoplasm mitochondri ...
What you need to know about stem cell therapies
... 3 a decision about whether or not to authorize the treatment for marketing is made by the regulatory agency. Only if it receives such approval is the sponsor permitted to market the product to physicians for the specific indication. PHASE 4 clinical trials are post-market trials. Phase 4 trials cont ...
... 3 a decision about whether or not to authorize the treatment for marketing is made by the regulatory agency. Only if it receives such approval is the sponsor permitted to market the product to physicians for the specific indication. PHASE 4 clinical trials are post-market trials. Phase 4 trials cont ...
review - Biological Sciences
... are the only polysaccharides for which proteins involved in the synthesis of the main chains are known. In higher plants, cellulose synthase forms a ‘‘rosette’’ complex in the plasma membrane (31). The complex is one of the largest protein complexes known, with a diameter about equal to that of a ri ...
... are the only polysaccharides for which proteins involved in the synthesis of the main chains are known. In higher plants, cellulose synthase forms a ‘‘rosette’’ complex in the plasma membrane (31). The complex is one of the largest protein complexes known, with a diameter about equal to that of a ri ...
Long-term live imaging provides new insight into stem cell
... These sophisticated interactions must ultimately be analyzed at the level of individual cells, but the size and complexity of many tissues makes this process extremely difficult. The Drosophila germarium, a germinal structure found at the anterior of each ovariole, is favorable for such studies beca ...
... These sophisticated interactions must ultimately be analyzed at the level of individual cells, but the size and complexity of many tissues makes this process extremely difficult. The Drosophila germarium, a germinal structure found at the anterior of each ovariole, is favorable for such studies beca ...
Glossary Glossary Preface
... Carina Posterior median plate of the barnacle exoskeleton. One of the five primary plates. Casting Continuous pile of defecated organic and mineral matter. Caudal gland A posterior spinneret typical of many free-living nematodes. Central capsule The membrane-enclosed, innermost cytoplasm of a radiol ...
... Carina Posterior median plate of the barnacle exoskeleton. One of the five primary plates. Casting Continuous pile of defecated organic and mineral matter. Caudal gland A posterior spinneret typical of many free-living nematodes. Central capsule The membrane-enclosed, innermost cytoplasm of a radiol ...
Cellular differentiation
In developmental biology, cellular differentiation isa cell changes from one cell type to another. Most commonly this is a less specialized type becoming a more specialized type, such as during cell growth. Differentiation occurs numerous times during the development of a multicellular organism as it changes from a simple zygote to a complex system of tissues and cell types. Differentiation continues in adulthood as adult stem cells divide and create fully differentiated daughter cells during tissue repair and during normal cell turnover. Some differentiation occurs in response to antigen exposure. Differentiation dramatically changes a cell's size, shape, membrane potential, metabolic activity, and responsiveness to signals. These changes are largely due to highly controlled modifications in gene expression and are the study of epigenetics. With a few exceptions, cellular differentiation almost never involves a change in the DNA sequence itself. Thus, different cells can have very different physical characteristics despite having the same genome.A cell that can differentiate into all cell types of the adult organism is known as pluripotent. Such cells are called embryonic stem cells in animals and meristematic cells in higher plants. A cell that can differentiate into all cell types, including the placental tissue, is known as totipotent. In mammals, only the zygote and subsequent blastomeres are totipotent, while in plants many differentiated cells can become totipotent with simple laboratory techniques. In cytopathology, the level of cellular differentiation is used as a measure of cancer progression. ""Grade"" is a marker of how differentiated a cell in a tumor is.