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Munc13-4 rab27 complex is specifically required for
Munc13-4 rab27 complex is specifically required for

... whose active conformations regulate membrane organization, protein sorting, and signaling through recruitment of a variety of often tissue specific effector proteins 11. Multiple effectors have been identified for rab27 12,13 of which three, including munc13-4 are expressed in ...
Glossary Glossary Preface
Glossary Glossary Preface

... Carina Posterior median plate of the barnacle exoskeleton. One of the five primary plates. Casting Continuous pile of defecated organic and mineral matter. Caudal gland A posterior spinneret typical of many free-living nematodes. Central capsule The membrane-enclosed, innermost cytoplasm of a radiol ...
PDF
PDF

... 1993; Gavalas et al., 1998; Rossel and Capecchi, 1999; Barrow et ...
electrical coupling between fat cells in newt fat
electrical coupling between fat cells in newt fat

... greatly interfered with penetrations, and the experiments were not carried further. It was possible to demonstrate 15 cases of coupling between brown fat cells ; all of these cells were marked with dye and located in sections . Sometimes the coupled cells were direct neighbors, but often there was o ...
Hurdles for clinical validation
Hurdles for clinical validation

... • Nonresponders to standard antiviral treatment ...
cell and molecular biology
cell and molecular biology

... FACILITIES: The research facilities available within the Department of Biological Science allow for the performance of virtually any experiment in the field of cell and molecular biology. In addition to the standard equipment available in the laboratories of individual faculty members, the departmen ...
A gene trap Dissociation insertion line, associated with a RING
A gene trap Dissociation insertion line, associated with a RING

... E2s (reviewed in Freemont, 2000; Joazeiro and Weissman, 2000). Crystal structure analysis revealed that the E2 UbcH7 binds to the RING protein c-Cbl through contacts between a groove within the RING domain of c-Cbl and two loops in the E2 fold of UbcH7 (Zheng et al., 2000). Although elements determi ...
QUESTION
QUESTION

... Recognize that according to cell theory all organisms are composed of cells and cells carry on similar functions such as extracting energy from food to sustain life. (Supporting Standard) Differentiate between structure and function in plant and animal cell organelles, including cell membrane, cell ...
cell and molecular biology
cell and molecular biology

... FACILITIES: The research facilities available within the Department of Biological Science allow for the performance of virtually any experiment in the field of cell and molecular biology. In addition to the standard equipment available in the laboratories of individual faculty members, the departmen ...
Wnt3a-mediated chemorepulsion controls movement
Wnt3a-mediated chemorepulsion controls movement

... Hamilton (HH) stage 3 (Garcia-Martinez and Schoenwolf, 1993; Hamburger and Hamilton, 1951; Rosenquist, 1970). In the chick, a simple, contractile heart tube forms by HH stage 10, which is after approximately 48 hours of development. The specification of prospective cardiac cells occurs concomitantly ...
Movement Through The cell New Notes
Movement Through The cell New Notes

... terms of solute, the cell is in equilibrium. All cells try to attain equilibrium (BALANCE)! ...
The munc13-4–rab27 complex is specifically
The munc13-4–rab27 complex is specifically

... release from microtubules. In munc13-4–deficient, cytotoxic lymphocytes, secretory lysosomes appear to dock on, but do not fuse with, the plasma membrane.8 munc13-4 also regulates the assembly of an exocytic precursor organelle from rab11- and rab7/rab27– containing endosomes that is needed for the ...
detailed lecture outline
detailed lecture outline

... The fluid element of blood is the watery matrix called plasma. Plasma is one of the 3 forms of extracellular fluid found in the body, which are regulated together by processes of homeostasis. - Extracellular fluid is called plasma as long as it stays within the cardiovascular system (veins, arteries ...
Chapter 4: The Tissue Level of Organization
Chapter 4: The Tissue Level of Organization

... ♣ The fluid element of blood is the watery matrix called plasma. Plasma is one of the 3 forms of extracellular fluid found in the body, which are regulated together by processes of homeostasis. - Extracellular fluid is called plasma as long as it stays within the cardiovascular system (veins, arteri ...
Morphogen-induced Platelet Activation and Cell Signalling
Morphogen-induced Platelet Activation and Cell Signalling

... platelets are genetically predetermined cells and mRNA expression level within them is fixed. Thus, it would be interesting to study and elaborate the morphogen-induced cell signalling events within anucleate cells. The present article aims to highlight and review morphogen-induced cell signalling w ...
Simulation of Glucose Diffusion in a Cylindrical Cell
Simulation of Glucose Diffusion in a Cylindrical Cell

... like air through a screen can be passive or active. Passive transport does not require energy supplied, but might require a membrane-bounded protein. Active transport requires a membrane bound protein and cellular energy(ATP). Diffusion is the process by which the collisions between molecules cause ...
selection of kidney cell types in primary glomerular explant
selection of kidney cell types in primary glomerular explant

... medium. Glomeruli were plated either directly into plastic flasks or into plastic flasks that had been coated with the extracellular matrix produced by the PF-HR-9 mouse teratocarcinoma endodermal cell line. Both the composition of the medium and the nature of the culture substrate affected whole gl ...
Mislocalization and inhibition of acetyl
Mislocalization and inhibition of acetyl

... IGF2 (insulin-like growth factor 2). The molecular target of this benzochromene derivative is MFP-2 (multifunctional protein 2). The interaction between chromeceptin and MFP-2 activates STAT6 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 6), which subsequently induces IGF inhibitory genes. It wa ...
Tutorial 8 – Cytoskeleton
Tutorial 8 – Cytoskeleton

... causes the "GTP cap“ to hydrolyze GTP to GDP The GTP cap is lost - the GDP-carrying subunits are less tightly bound in the polymer and readily released from the free end The microtubule shrinks ...
Selecting B cells and plasma cells to memory
Selecting B cells and plasma cells to memory

... determined by their affinity for the respective antigen and their survival potency, which is determined by the expression of genes that mediate survival signals and prevent apoptosis (Fig. 1). Inside and outside of “niches” providing the essential survival signals, the phenotype of such B cells may ...
Lymphoblastoid cell lines: a continuous in vitro source of
Lymphoblastoid cell lines: a continuous in vitro source of

... There is a considerable cell death after EBV transformation however infected cells repopulate the culture within 3-4 weeks giving rise to continuously proliferating lymphoblastoid cell lines. ...
chapter 7 diffusion
chapter 7 diffusion

... Cell (compared to beaker)  hypertonic or hypotonic Beaker (compared to cell)  hypertonic or hypotonic Which way does the water flow?  in or out 2005of cell AP Biology ...
Selecting B cells and plasma cells to memory
Selecting B cells and plasma cells to memory

... determined by their affinity for the respective antigen and their survival potency, which is determined by the expression of genes that mediate survival signals and prevent apoptosis (Fig. 1). Inside and outside of “niches” providing the essential survival signals, the phenotype of such B cells may ...
Chapter 3 -INTRODUCTION TO VIROLOGY
Chapter 3 -INTRODUCTION TO VIROLOGY

... o bacteria (Bacteriophages) ...
INTRODUCTION TO VIROLOGY. Virology is the study of viruses
INTRODUCTION TO VIROLOGY. Virology is the study of viruses

... o bacteria (Bacteriophages) ...
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Cellular differentiation



In developmental biology, cellular differentiation isa cell changes from one cell type to another. Most commonly this is a less specialized type becoming a more specialized type, such as during cell growth. Differentiation occurs numerous times during the development of a multicellular organism as it changes from a simple zygote to a complex system of tissues and cell types. Differentiation continues in adulthood as adult stem cells divide and create fully differentiated daughter cells during tissue repair and during normal cell turnover. Some differentiation occurs in response to antigen exposure. Differentiation dramatically changes a cell's size, shape, membrane potential, metabolic activity, and responsiveness to signals. These changes are largely due to highly controlled modifications in gene expression and are the study of epigenetics. With a few exceptions, cellular differentiation almost never involves a change in the DNA sequence itself. Thus, different cells can have very different physical characteristics despite having the same genome.A cell that can differentiate into all cell types of the adult organism is known as pluripotent. Such cells are called embryonic stem cells in animals and meristematic cells in higher plants. A cell that can differentiate into all cell types, including the placental tissue, is known as totipotent. In mammals, only the zygote and subsequent blastomeres are totipotent, while in plants many differentiated cells can become totipotent with simple laboratory techniques. In cytopathology, the level of cellular differentiation is used as a measure of cancer progression. ""Grade"" is a marker of how differentiated a cell in a tumor is.
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