Signal transduction networks and the biology of plant cells*
... The development of plant transformation in the mid-1980s and of many new tools for cell biology, molecular genetics, and biochemistry has resulted in enormous progress in plant biology in the past decade. With the completion of the genome sequence of Arabidopsis thaliana just around the corner, we c ...
... The development of plant transformation in the mid-1980s and of many new tools for cell biology, molecular genetics, and biochemistry has resulted in enormous progress in plant biology in the past decade. With the completion of the genome sequence of Arabidopsis thaliana just around the corner, we c ...
Comparison of cytotoxicity and wound healing effect of
... he corneal epithelium forms an integral part of the ocular surface and is necessary for maintaining a clear and proper functioning cornea. When compromised, it is therefore important that it is rapidly regenerated. Dry eye syndrome is a common disorder that affects approximately 10% to 20% of the ad ...
... he corneal epithelium forms an integral part of the ocular surface and is necessary for maintaining a clear and proper functioning cornea. When compromised, it is therefore important that it is rapidly regenerated. Dry eye syndrome is a common disorder that affects approximately 10% to 20% of the ad ...
Ganglionar nervous cells and telocytes in the pancreas of Octodon
... studies have also demonstrated a number of morphological and structural similarities between other organs of these species, especially regarding the placenta (Bosco, 1997; Bosco et al., 2007; Mess et al., 2007; Valdés et al., 2008). The morphology, neurochemistry and electrical properties of guinea ...
... studies have also demonstrated a number of morphological and structural similarities between other organs of these species, especially regarding the placenta (Bosco, 1997; Bosco et al., 2007; Mess et al., 2007; Valdés et al., 2008). The morphology, neurochemistry and electrical properties of guinea ...
the role of csf1 and zfpm1 in the preimplantation mouse
... yolk sac as well as the embryo proper. This prompts the fundamental question how the different cell lineages can emerge out of a single cell. Differentiation has been shown to happen during two `cell fate´ decisions. During the first cell fate decision, extraembryonic trophectoderm (TE) cells, segre ...
... yolk sac as well as the embryo proper. This prompts the fundamental question how the different cell lineages can emerge out of a single cell. Differentiation has been shown to happen during two `cell fate´ decisions. During the first cell fate decision, extraembryonic trophectoderm (TE) cells, segre ...
Migration and Maturation of Langerhans Cells in Skin Transplants
... la + (not shown) . As reported by others, la was induced on keratinocytes of the allografts by day 7 (not shown), but the LC expressed higher levels so they could still be enumerated. A similar series of CD2F1 and C57BL/10 isografts was evaluated for comparison, and results are presented for the lat ...
... la + (not shown) . As reported by others, la was induced on keratinocytes of the allografts by day 7 (not shown), but the LC expressed higher levels so they could still be enumerated. A similar series of CD2F1 and C57BL/10 isografts was evaluated for comparison, and results are presented for the lat ...
Slide 1
... made of pyrex glass, Teflon or leucite can also be used; controlled solid shear with Hughes Press that generate pressure upto 108 Pa can be used to break plant cells. ...
... made of pyrex glass, Teflon or leucite can also be used; controlled solid shear with Hughes Press that generate pressure upto 108 Pa can be used to break plant cells. ...
press release
... FtsZ. Three years later, his group determined the structure of MreB, a prokaryotic actin-like protein which had been discovered by Jeff Errington. The structural discoveries of FtsZ and MreB proved to be key pieces of evidence for the discovery of the bacterial cytoskeleton. ...
... FtsZ. Three years later, his group determined the structure of MreB, a prokaryotic actin-like protein which had been discovered by Jeff Errington. The structural discoveries of FtsZ and MreB proved to be key pieces of evidence for the discovery of the bacterial cytoskeleton. ...
Adjustment of Host Cells for Accommodation of
... of noninfected cells (Figures 1C, 1F, and 2A). In the most proximal (oldest) layer of the infection zone, cells have increased in size, with ;60% of the cell volume occupied by the vacuole and 30% by the symbiosomes. In the adjacent cell layer, the first cell layer of the nitrogen-fixing zone, the vac ...
... of noninfected cells (Figures 1C, 1F, and 2A). In the most proximal (oldest) layer of the infection zone, cells have increased in size, with ;60% of the cell volume occupied by the vacuole and 30% by the symbiosomes. In the adjacent cell layer, the first cell layer of the nitrogen-fixing zone, the vac ...
Structure–function relationships during secondary phloem
... Materials and methods Plant material, growth conditions, and sampling Seedlings of A. hippocastanum (Hippocastanaceae) were raised as described previously (Chaffey et al. 1996). Samples were taken during the first 3 years of seedling growth, during periods when the vascular cambium was active in cel ...
... Materials and methods Plant material, growth conditions, and sampling Seedlings of A. hippocastanum (Hippocastanaceae) were raised as described previously (Chaffey et al. 1996). Samples were taken during the first 3 years of seedling growth, during periods when the vascular cambium was active in cel ...
Introduction to Virology I Viruses Defined
... This three-part strategy achieves one goal: survival. Despite this simple three-part strategy, the tactical solutions encoded in genomes of viruses from individual families are incredibly diverse. There are countless virus particles out there with amazing diversity with respect to size, nature and t ...
... This three-part strategy achieves one goal: survival. Despite this simple three-part strategy, the tactical solutions encoded in genomes of viruses from individual families are incredibly diverse. There are countless virus particles out there with amazing diversity with respect to size, nature and t ...
JOHN MASON PAWELEK, Ph
... Pawelek J, Godchaux W, Grasso J, Skoultchi A, Eisenstadt J, and Lengyel P. Occurrence of cysteinyl transfer ribonucleic acid with a blocked amino group in rabbit reticulocytes. Bioch Biophys Acta 232:289-305, 1971. Wong G and Pawelek J. Control of phenotypic expression of cultured melanoma cells by ...
... Pawelek J, Godchaux W, Grasso J, Skoultchi A, Eisenstadt J, and Lengyel P. Occurrence of cysteinyl transfer ribonucleic acid with a blocked amino group in rabbit reticulocytes. Bioch Biophys Acta 232:289-305, 1971. Wong G and Pawelek J. Control of phenotypic expression of cultured melanoma cells by ...
Light-Independent Cell Death Induced by
... accumulation of pheophorbide a in these mutants would lead to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) under light conditions, which ultimately causes cell death, as observed in other chlorophyll biosynthesis mutants (Mock and Grimm 1997, Meskauskiene et al. 2001). To explain the cell death p ...
... accumulation of pheophorbide a in these mutants would lead to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) under light conditions, which ultimately causes cell death, as observed in other chlorophyll biosynthesis mutants (Mock and Grimm 1997, Meskauskiene et al. 2001). To explain the cell death p ...
Expression of the Catalytic and Regulatory Subunits of Protein
... HL-60 cells (1, 2) and is clinically effective as the differentiation therapy in inducing high remission rates in patients with acute pro myelocytic leukemia (3, 4). The biological effects of ATRA appear to be mediated through a number of closely related nuclear retinoic acid receptors that possess ...
... HL-60 cells (1, 2) and is clinically effective as the differentiation therapy in inducing high remission rates in patients with acute pro myelocytic leukemia (3, 4). The biological effects of ATRA appear to be mediated through a number of closely related nuclear retinoic acid receptors that possess ...
Embryonic development of the human hematopoietic system
... 1967). According to this theory, development of the blood system in vertebrates was long described as a monophyletic process with a unique organ of hematopoietic cell emergence – the yolk sac – colonizing other organs: first the liver, then the thymus, spleen and finally the bone marrow (Moore and M ...
... 1967). According to this theory, development of the blood system in vertebrates was long described as a monophyletic process with a unique organ of hematopoietic cell emergence – the yolk sac – colonizing other organs: first the liver, then the thymus, spleen and finally the bone marrow (Moore and M ...
Low dose effects of ionizing radiation on normal tissue stem cells
... and is generally observed to be a stochastic process. Secondly, a cancer outcome following radiation is most likely affected by the microenvironment, signalling between irradiated and non-irradiated cells and inflammatory responses. Finally, controversial ‘abscopal effects’ have been observed in viv ...
... and is generally observed to be a stochastic process. Secondly, a cancer outcome following radiation is most likely affected by the microenvironment, signalling between irradiated and non-irradiated cells and inflammatory responses. Finally, controversial ‘abscopal effects’ have been observed in viv ...
Aurintricarboxylic Acid Rescues PC12 Cells and Sympathetic
... to induction or activation of endonuclease activity . Much of the present information on NGF-dependent neuronal survival has been obtained through studies on primary cultures of sympathetic neurons. An alternative is the rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cell line (Greene and Tischler, 1976) . When exposed ...
... to induction or activation of endonuclease activity . Much of the present information on NGF-dependent neuronal survival has been obtained through studies on primary cultures of sympathetic neurons. An alternative is the rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cell line (Greene and Tischler, 1976) . When exposed ...
Grade Level / Course:
... things? Why do plants and animals need specialized cells? Only living things made of cells; Living/Non-living; Unicellular/Multi-Cellular 1.The Cell 2. The Cell Theory 3. Two Types of Cells 4. Structure and Function 5. Diffusion/Osmosis 6. Photosynthesis 7. Cellular Respiration Component ID ...
... things? Why do plants and animals need specialized cells? Only living things made of cells; Living/Non-living; Unicellular/Multi-Cellular 1.The Cell 2. The Cell Theory 3. Two Types of Cells 4. Structure and Function 5. Diffusion/Osmosis 6. Photosynthesis 7. Cellular Respiration Component ID ...
Plant Cell Walls
... – is slow, occurring over a period of hours, and is at least partly dependent on the activity of wall proteins. A wall that is capable of plastic expansion is described as loose; the opposite is conveniently described as tight (the terms ‘rigid’ and ‘stiff’, which mean inflexible, are sometimes mislea ...
... – is slow, occurring over a period of hours, and is at least partly dependent on the activity of wall proteins. A wall that is capable of plastic expansion is described as loose; the opposite is conveniently described as tight (the terms ‘rigid’ and ‘stiff’, which mean inflexible, are sometimes mislea ...
Downloaded - The Journal of Immunology
... stimulators of EBV-specific T cell responses (7–11), whereas immature DCs were not as efficient (9, 10). Recently, a single-step 3-day culture of human monocytes in the presence of GM-CSF and type I IFN was reported to lead to the differentiation of APCs (IFN-DCs) exhibiting phenotypic and functiona ...
... stimulators of EBV-specific T cell responses (7–11), whereas immature DCs were not as efficient (9, 10). Recently, a single-step 3-day culture of human monocytes in the presence of GM-CSF and type I IFN was reported to lead to the differentiation of APCs (IFN-DCs) exhibiting phenotypic and functiona ...
Multipotency and Tissue-Specific Stem Cells
... The existence of tissue-specific stem cells makes much sense, in view of the high repair potential of organs such as the blood, skin, gut, and liver (Box 2.1). Many tissues of the adult organism are supposedly incapable of regeneration. The nervous system is one example. In general, a clear distinct ...
... The existence of tissue-specific stem cells makes much sense, in view of the high repair potential of organs such as the blood, skin, gut, and liver (Box 2.1). Many tissues of the adult organism are supposedly incapable of regeneration. The nervous system is one example. In general, a clear distinct ...
MORPHOLOGICAL ALTERATIONS
... Describe the nuclear and cytoplasmic features of necrosis. Define and briefly describe the patterns of Tissue Necrosis including: Coagulative Necrosis, Liquefactive Necrosis,Gangrenous Necrosis, Caseous Necrosis, Fat Necrosis and Fibrinoid Necrosis. ...
... Describe the nuclear and cytoplasmic features of necrosis. Define and briefly describe the patterns of Tissue Necrosis including: Coagulative Necrosis, Liquefactive Necrosis,Gangrenous Necrosis, Caseous Necrosis, Fat Necrosis and Fibrinoid Necrosis. ...
A Heat Shows of Two Shock-resistant Mutant of Saccharomyces
... the maintenance of the Go state. In the present study, we have intended to test this hypothesis by isolating heat shock-resistant mutants of the budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, in which the hsp genes are expected to be constitutively expressed, and by examining the mutants for their propert ...
... the maintenance of the Go state. In the present study, we have intended to test this hypothesis by isolating heat shock-resistant mutants of the budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, in which the hsp genes are expected to be constitutively expressed, and by examining the mutants for their propert ...
SCD1 is required for cell cytokinesis and polarized
... mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway in the control of phragmoplast expansion (Nishihama et al., 2002). The identification of these genes has yielded insight into the molecular mechanisms that govern plant cytokinesis. However, given the complexity of this process, it is clear that geneti ...
... mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway in the control of phragmoplast expansion (Nishihama et al., 2002). The identification of these genes has yielded insight into the molecular mechanisms that govern plant cytokinesis. However, given the complexity of this process, it is clear that geneti ...
Hormonal control of cell division and elongation
... PIN4, and PIN7 are expressed at the root tip in a slightly overlapping, but distinct, manner (Křeček et al., 2009). Blilou et al. (2005) found that all pin mutants displayed decreased PM activity, demonstrating that auxin homeostasis, as controlled by multiple PIN genes, has a crucial role in susta ...
... PIN4, and PIN7 are expressed at the root tip in a slightly overlapping, but distinct, manner (Křeček et al., 2009). Blilou et al. (2005) found that all pin mutants displayed decreased PM activity, demonstrating that auxin homeostasis, as controlled by multiple PIN genes, has a crucial role in susta ...
View Full Page PDF - The American Biology Teacher
... morphological and functional features of undifferentiated stem cells can be defined by gene expression activities. The activation and repression of genes is a finely regulated molecular choreography involving transcription factors, i.e., molecules that bind DNA. For instance, we now know that the pl ...
... morphological and functional features of undifferentiated stem cells can be defined by gene expression activities. The activation and repression of genes is a finely regulated molecular choreography involving transcription factors, i.e., molecules that bind DNA. For instance, we now know that the pl ...
Cellular differentiation
In developmental biology, cellular differentiation isa cell changes from one cell type to another. Most commonly this is a less specialized type becoming a more specialized type, such as during cell growth. Differentiation occurs numerous times during the development of a multicellular organism as it changes from a simple zygote to a complex system of tissues and cell types. Differentiation continues in adulthood as adult stem cells divide and create fully differentiated daughter cells during tissue repair and during normal cell turnover. Some differentiation occurs in response to antigen exposure. Differentiation dramatically changes a cell's size, shape, membrane potential, metabolic activity, and responsiveness to signals. These changes are largely due to highly controlled modifications in gene expression and are the study of epigenetics. With a few exceptions, cellular differentiation almost never involves a change in the DNA sequence itself. Thus, different cells can have very different physical characteristics despite having the same genome.A cell that can differentiate into all cell types of the adult organism is known as pluripotent. Such cells are called embryonic stem cells in animals and meristematic cells in higher plants. A cell that can differentiate into all cell types, including the placental tissue, is known as totipotent. In mammals, only the zygote and subsequent blastomeres are totipotent, while in plants many differentiated cells can become totipotent with simple laboratory techniques. In cytopathology, the level of cellular differentiation is used as a measure of cancer progression. ""Grade"" is a marker of how differentiated a cell in a tumor is.