The ~53 Proto-Oncogene Can Act as a Suppressor of Transformation
... et al., 1988; Whyte et al., 1988). Deletion or inactivation of the Rb gene predisposes individuals to the development of human malignant retinoblastoma (Friend et al., 1986; Lee et al., 1987), and abnormalities in the Rb locus have recently been detected in osteosarcomas (Friend et al., 1986) small ...
... et al., 1988; Whyte et al., 1988). Deletion or inactivation of the Rb gene predisposes individuals to the development of human malignant retinoblastoma (Friend et al., 1986; Lee et al., 1987), and abnormalities in the Rb locus have recently been detected in osteosarcomas (Friend et al., 1986) small ...
Shapiro JA. 2007. Bacteria are small but not stupid
... of the mechanistic views that came to dominate biological thought in the early years of the twentieth century. The idea is that microbes, particularly prokaryotes, exemplify the basic properties of living cells reduced to their simplest configurations. The goal of researchers who subscribe to this vi ...
... of the mechanistic views that came to dominate biological thought in the early years of the twentieth century. The idea is that microbes, particularly prokaryotes, exemplify the basic properties of living cells reduced to their simplest configurations. The goal of researchers who subscribe to this vi ...
jxb.oxfordjournals.org
... 2003). In contrast, the 35S:miR396/as1-1 (Fig. 1B, C) and 35S:miR396/as2-1 (Fig. 1F, G) transgenic plants produced stronger leaf polarity defects; the first two rosette leaves typically appeared lotus like and, in some extreme cases, needle like. In the F3 progeny of three independent homozygous lin ...
... 2003). In contrast, the 35S:miR396/as1-1 (Fig. 1B, C) and 35S:miR396/as2-1 (Fig. 1F, G) transgenic plants produced stronger leaf polarity defects; the first two rosette leaves typically appeared lotus like and, in some extreme cases, needle like. In the F3 progeny of three independent homozygous lin ...
Plant Cell Growth and Elongation
... separate, secondary cell wall containing complex structures uniquely suited to the cell’s function. Many mature cells, then, have both a primary and a distinct secondary cell wall. In plants, the expansion must be coordinated among all neighbouring cells. Organ size, and thus plant stature and form, ...
... separate, secondary cell wall containing complex structures uniquely suited to the cell’s function. Many mature cells, then, have both a primary and a distinct secondary cell wall. In plants, the expansion must be coordinated among all neighbouring cells. Organ size, and thus plant stature and form, ...
The immunological synapse: a focal point for endocytosis and
... The immunological synapse bears striking similarities not only to neurological synapses but also to other structures in which an area of the plasma membrane becomes a focal zone for endo cytosis and exocytosis, in particular during cilia formation and cytokinesis. Immunological synapses, sites of c ...
... The immunological synapse bears striking similarities not only to neurological synapses but also to other structures in which an area of the plasma membrane becomes a focal zone for endo cytosis and exocytosis, in particular during cilia formation and cytokinesis. Immunological synapses, sites of c ...
Advanced Live Cell Microscopy at the W. M. Keck Center for Cellular
... •Background Signal •Donor spectral bleedthrough (DSBT) - donor excitation causes donor emission into the acceptor channel •Acceptor spectral bleed-through (ASBT) - donor excitation wavelength also excites acceptor molecules which cause more signal detected in the acceptor emission. ...
... •Background Signal •Donor spectral bleedthrough (DSBT) - donor excitation causes donor emission into the acceptor channel •Acceptor spectral bleed-through (ASBT) - donor excitation wavelength also excites acceptor molecules which cause more signal detected in the acceptor emission. ...
Full Text - Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard
... contributing to the induction of peripheral tolerance. sGARP was able to induce peripheral Treg with strong suppressive capacity in a TGF-β dependent way and prevented chronic inflammatory disease in a humanized mouse model.[9] Here, we investigated the role of GARP in the microenvironment of human ...
... contributing to the induction of peripheral tolerance. sGARP was able to induce peripheral Treg with strong suppressive capacity in a TGF-β dependent way and prevented chronic inflammatory disease in a humanized mouse model.[9] Here, we investigated the role of GARP in the microenvironment of human ...
Understanding Our Environment
... encloses the cell and separates its contents from its surroundings - phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins (transport proteins and receptor proteins) 2. Genetic material is enclosed within a nucleus or a nucleoid 3. Cytoplasm Raven - Johnson - Biology: 6th Ed. - All Rights Reserved - McGraw Hi ...
... encloses the cell and separates its contents from its surroundings - phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins (transport proteins and receptor proteins) 2. Genetic material is enclosed within a nucleus or a nucleoid 3. Cytoplasm Raven - Johnson - Biology: 6th Ed. - All Rights Reserved - McGraw Hi ...
Cell Proliferation Kinetics and Drug Sensitivity of
... 7.2, growth ceased at 2 x 106cells/mI. Lactate had minimal effect on cell growth, when added to give 400 to 800 @g/ml. We found that partially depleted medium (which had al ready supported cell growth to 10@cells/mI) still allowed a fresh inoculum to grow to 8 x 105/ml with a doubling time of 18 hr. ...
... 7.2, growth ceased at 2 x 106cells/mI. Lactate had minimal effect on cell growth, when added to give 400 to 800 @g/ml. We found that partially depleted medium (which had al ready supported cell growth to 10@cells/mI) still allowed a fresh inoculum to grow to 8 x 105/ml with a doubling time of 18 hr. ...
Chapter 2: Cell Structure And Cell Organization
... P2-water enter the cell by osmosis if the cell is flaccid [2marks] (c) Describe what will happen to the vacuole when plant is immersed in water P1-Vacoule filled with the water and expand P2-The pressure of the water in the vacuole pushes the cytoplasm and presses it against the plasma membrane and ...
... P2-water enter the cell by osmosis if the cell is flaccid [2marks] (c) Describe what will happen to the vacuole when plant is immersed in water P1-Vacoule filled with the water and expand P2-The pressure of the water in the vacuole pushes the cytoplasm and presses it against the plasma membrane and ...
Pathogenesis of the Human Opportunistic Pathogen
... Penetration of PA14 into Substomatal Cavities ...
... Penetration of PA14 into Substomatal Cavities ...
IV. Principles of Serological Testing in Immunohematology
... May be produced by hybridomas, rabbits, or a mixture. Used for routine compatibility testing, antibody identification and DAT. Most important function is to detect IgG antibodies coating the cells. The importance of the presence of anti-complement in AHG serum is very controversial for routine compa ...
... May be produced by hybridomas, rabbits, or a mixture. Used for routine compatibility testing, antibody identification and DAT. Most important function is to detect IgG antibodies coating the cells. The importance of the presence of anti-complement in AHG serum is very controversial for routine compa ...
The Plastidial 2-C-Methyl-D-Erythritol 4-Phosphate
... snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus) flowers produce both monoterpenoid (C10) and sesquiterpenoid (C15) volatiles that are derived from the MEP pathway (Dudareva et al., 2005). Thus, the extent to which transport of isoprenoid intermediates across the plastid envelope contributes to the biosynthesis of is ...
... snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus) flowers produce both monoterpenoid (C10) and sesquiterpenoid (C15) volatiles that are derived from the MEP pathway (Dudareva et al., 2005). Thus, the extent to which transport of isoprenoid intermediates across the plastid envelope contributes to the biosynthesis of is ...
Cell cycle exit during terminal erythroid differentiation is associated
... tissue-specific gene expression program. This program is tightly coordinated with cell cycle exit. Commitment to cell division is regulated by a family of G1 cyclin-dependent protein kinases (CDKs) (reviewed in Morgan1 and Pavletich2). CDKs are regulated by activating proteins, cyclins, (reviewed in ...
... tissue-specific gene expression program. This program is tightly coordinated with cell cycle exit. Commitment to cell division is regulated by a family of G1 cyclin-dependent protein kinases (CDKs) (reviewed in Morgan1 and Pavletich2). CDKs are regulated by activating proteins, cyclins, (reviewed in ...
The Heliothis Virescens Cadherin Protein Expressed in Drosophila
... HevCaLP Cadherin Is a Cry1A but Not a Cry1Fa Receptor cadherin protein from H. Virescens larvae that differs in 22 amino acids from the HevCaLP sequence (12). Considering that the Cry1Ac-binding region is conserved in HevCaLP, it can be predicted that Cry1Ac would bind to this region in HevCaLP. Tr ...
... HevCaLP Cadherin Is a Cry1A but Not a Cry1Fa Receptor cadherin protein from H. Virescens larvae that differs in 22 amino acids from the HevCaLP sequence (12). Considering that the Cry1Ac-binding region is conserved in HevCaLP, it can be predicted that Cry1Ac would bind to this region in HevCaLP. Tr ...
THE IMPACT OF MOLLUSCICIDES ON ENZYME ACTIVITIES IN
... In the following, molluscicide-induced alterations of enzyme activity in the hepatopancreas of Derocras reticulatum will be described. The results from the enzyme histochemical studies are confined to reactions in the three cell types of the hepatopancreas: the digestive cells, the crypt cells, and ...
... In the following, molluscicide-induced alterations of enzyme activity in the hepatopancreas of Derocras reticulatum will be described. The results from the enzyme histochemical studies are confined to reactions in the three cell types of the hepatopancreas: the digestive cells, the crypt cells, and ...
emboj2011361-sup
... collected through the same objective lens and passed through a dichroic and bandpass filter (560DRLP & 595AF60 for rhodamine or 505DRLP & 535AF45 for GFP; Omega Optical, Brattleboro, VT, USA) to be imaged onto an intensified CCD camera (PTI IC-300, PTI Inc., Ford, West Sussex, UK). Spatial calibrati ...
... collected through the same objective lens and passed through a dichroic and bandpass filter (560DRLP & 595AF60 for rhodamine or 505DRLP & 535AF45 for GFP; Omega Optical, Brattleboro, VT, USA) to be imaged onto an intensified CCD camera (PTI IC-300, PTI Inc., Ford, West Sussex, UK). Spatial calibrati ...
A commentary on the G2/M transition of the plant cell cycle
... away those cells are then fully competent to complete DNA replication and undergo mitosis (see Orchard et al., 2005). However, no doubt, DNA damage could be inflicted with concentrations in excess of this, as could various other toxins. As clearly pointed out by O’Connell et al. (1997), eukaryotes p ...
... away those cells are then fully competent to complete DNA replication and undergo mitosis (see Orchard et al., 2005). However, no doubt, DNA damage could be inflicted with concentrations in excess of this, as could various other toxins. As clearly pointed out by O’Connell et al. (1997), eukaryotes p ...
Fate mapping and cell lineage analysis of Hensen`s node in the
... with an Ealing vertical microelectrode puller. The electrodes were then back-filled with Dil (l,l'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'tetramethyl indocarbocyanine perchlorate; Molecular Probes, Inc.), at 0.25% in ethanol containing 5% dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO). In a few experiments, a different method was used: D ...
... with an Ealing vertical microelectrode puller. The electrodes were then back-filled with Dil (l,l'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'tetramethyl indocarbocyanine perchlorate; Molecular Probes, Inc.), at 0.25% in ethanol containing 5% dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO). In a few experiments, a different method was used: D ...
Macrophages and MHC class II positive cells in the choroid during
... include models of autoimmune posterior uveitis whereby a number of antigens such as rhodopsin, phosducin, recoverin, S antigen, and interphotoreceptor retinoid binding protein, are capable of inducing retinal autoimmune disease in a number of laboratory animals including mice, guinea pigs, rats, and ...
... include models of autoimmune posterior uveitis whereby a number of antigens such as rhodopsin, phosducin, recoverin, S antigen, and interphotoreceptor retinoid binding protein, are capable of inducing retinal autoimmune disease in a number of laboratory animals including mice, guinea pigs, rats, and ...
Document
... Thin outer membrane to let oxygen diffuse through easily. Shape increases the surface area to allow more oxygen to be absorbed efficiently. No nucleus, so the whole cell is full of haemoglobin. ...
... Thin outer membrane to let oxygen diffuse through easily. Shape increases the surface area to allow more oxygen to be absorbed efficiently. No nucleus, so the whole cell is full of haemoglobin. ...
Eur J - HAL
... and lysosomes and is related to the other aspartic proteases such a renin, pepsin and yeast protease A [1]. All these enzymes are synthesized as inactive precursors, which are then processed either auto-catalytically (e.g. pepsin) [1] or by other enzymes (e.g. renin) to remove an N-terminal pro-pept ...
... and lysosomes and is related to the other aspartic proteases such a renin, pepsin and yeast protease A [1]. All these enzymes are synthesized as inactive precursors, which are then processed either auto-catalytically (e.g. pepsin) [1] or by other enzymes (e.g. renin) to remove an N-terminal pro-pept ...
Downloadable Full Text - DSpace@MIT
... genes are temporally and spatially regulated by multiple cellular mechanisms. Specific histone modifications such as methylation of lysine residues are associated with either the active or silent state of gene transcription. For example, histone 3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) is commonly found at ...
... genes are temporally and spatially regulated by multiple cellular mechanisms. Specific histone modifications such as methylation of lysine residues are associated with either the active or silent state of gene transcription. For example, histone 3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) is commonly found at ...
Cells Mediate Adhesion to Fibronectin, Laminin, and Collagen
... types I and IV. Cell attachment to these substrates appears to be mediated by members of the f1 integrin family of extracellular matrix receptors. Antibodies to the PI subunit not only demonstrated the presence of integrin complexes in focal adhesion plaques but also blocked cell adhesion to the dif ...
... types I and IV. Cell attachment to these substrates appears to be mediated by members of the f1 integrin family of extracellular matrix receptors. Antibodies to the PI subunit not only demonstrated the presence of integrin complexes in focal adhesion plaques but also blocked cell adhesion to the dif ...
Cellular differentiation
In developmental biology, cellular differentiation isa cell changes from one cell type to another. Most commonly this is a less specialized type becoming a more specialized type, such as during cell growth. Differentiation occurs numerous times during the development of a multicellular organism as it changes from a simple zygote to a complex system of tissues and cell types. Differentiation continues in adulthood as adult stem cells divide and create fully differentiated daughter cells during tissue repair and during normal cell turnover. Some differentiation occurs in response to antigen exposure. Differentiation dramatically changes a cell's size, shape, membrane potential, metabolic activity, and responsiveness to signals. These changes are largely due to highly controlled modifications in gene expression and are the study of epigenetics. With a few exceptions, cellular differentiation almost never involves a change in the DNA sequence itself. Thus, different cells can have very different physical characteristics despite having the same genome.A cell that can differentiate into all cell types of the adult organism is known as pluripotent. Such cells are called embryonic stem cells in animals and meristematic cells in higher plants. A cell that can differentiate into all cell types, including the placental tissue, is known as totipotent. In mammals, only the zygote and subsequent blastomeres are totipotent, while in plants many differentiated cells can become totipotent with simple laboratory techniques. In cytopathology, the level of cellular differentiation is used as a measure of cancer progression. ""Grade"" is a marker of how differentiated a cell in a tumor is.