Defects in mesoderm, neural tube and vascular development in
... FN may promote migration of parietal endoderm and trophoblast outgrowth during implantation (Armant et al., 1986; Grabel and Watts, 1987; Sutherland et al., 1988). During gastrulation, FN is expressed beneath the ectoderm at the position of prospective mesodermal migration in all vertebrate embryos ...
... FN may promote migration of parietal endoderm and trophoblast outgrowth during implantation (Armant et al., 1986; Grabel and Watts, 1987; Sutherland et al., 1988). During gastrulation, FN is expressed beneath the ectoderm at the position of prospective mesodermal migration in all vertebrate embryos ...
Transcription Factor c-Rel B κ Regulation of the IL-21 Gene by the NF-
... initiator of Th17 development in an IL-6–independent pathway (24, 25). It could furthermore induce IL-23R expression on activated CD4+ T cells and maintain the expansion of differentiated Th17 cells, which in turn produced high levels of IL-21. Accordingly, IL-21 has been proposed to have an autocri ...
... initiator of Th17 development in an IL-6–independent pathway (24, 25). It could furthermore induce IL-23R expression on activated CD4+ T cells and maintain the expansion of differentiated Th17 cells, which in turn produced high levels of IL-21. Accordingly, IL-21 has been proposed to have an autocri ...
An analysis of the response to gut induction in the C. elegans embryo
... Not long ago the early nematode embryo was regarded as an archetype of mosaic development, in which cell interactions played little or no role in early development. Diverse cell types were believed to be generated almost entirely by segregating specific cell components to one daughter cell at each d ...
... Not long ago the early nematode embryo was regarded as an archetype of mosaic development, in which cell interactions played little or no role in early development. Diverse cell types were believed to be generated almost entirely by segregating specific cell components to one daughter cell at each d ...
Identification and characterization of subpopulations
... PrE (Rogers et al., 1991; Pelton et al., 2002). Hence, we can distinguish the epiblast and PrE from the ICM by Rex1 expression. However, there have been no previous investigations to determine whether these genes are differentially expressed in each ES cell or whether each ES cell has a different pl ...
... PrE (Rogers et al., 1991; Pelton et al., 2002). Hence, we can distinguish the epiblast and PrE from the ICM by Rex1 expression. However, there have been no previous investigations to determine whether these genes are differentially expressed in each ES cell or whether each ES cell has a different pl ...
838 Woodend Road, Stratford, Connecticut 06615 PAGE 1
... processes through which matter can be elevated from one state to another. One stage of the alchemic process, called “Nigredo,” is linked with fermentation and is key to the transformation of life force within matter. Miso, wine, and sake are all created by the ancient wisdom regarding this process. ...
... processes through which matter can be elevated from one state to another. One stage of the alchemic process, called “Nigredo,” is linked with fermentation and is key to the transformation of life force within matter. Miso, wine, and sake are all created by the ancient wisdom regarding this process. ...
Non-Targeted and Targeted Protein Movement
... Plant cells rely on plasmodesmata for intercellular transport of small signaling molecules as well as larger informational macromolecules such as proteins. A green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter and low-pressure microprojectile bombardment were used to quantify the degree of symplastic continuit ...
... Plant cells rely on plasmodesmata for intercellular transport of small signaling molecules as well as larger informational macromolecules such as proteins. A green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter and low-pressure microprojectile bombardment were used to quantify the degree of symplastic continuit ...
A role for the Drosophila Bag-of-marbles protein in
... will differentiate (Horvitz and Herskowitz, 1992; Hall and Watt, 1989). Mutations in genes required for asymmetric segregation of differentiation factors or in genes that are targets of such factors could block cellular differentiation and produce mitotic daughters that would inappropriately continu ...
... will differentiate (Horvitz and Herskowitz, 1992; Hall and Watt, 1989). Mutations in genes required for asymmetric segregation of differentiation factors or in genes that are targets of such factors could block cellular differentiation and produce mitotic daughters that would inappropriately continu ...
PDF
... appeared to have no effect on folding of the epithelium. The conclusion that smooth muscle is not required for folding of the epithelium is strengthened by evidence from a more radical experiment. Twelve ellipse-stage intestines from eight embryos were cut open lengthwise to form flat fragments with ...
... appeared to have no effect on folding of the epithelium. The conclusion that smooth muscle is not required for folding of the epithelium is strengthened by evidence from a more radical experiment. Twelve ellipse-stage intestines from eight embryos were cut open lengthwise to form flat fragments with ...
Morphogenesis of intestinal villi
... appeared to have no effect on folding of the epithelium. The conclusion that smooth muscle is not required for folding of the epithelium is strengthened by evidence from a more radical experiment. Twelve ellipse-stage intestines from eight embryos were cut open lengthwise to form flat fragments with ...
... appeared to have no effect on folding of the epithelium. The conclusion that smooth muscle is not required for folding of the epithelium is strengthened by evidence from a more radical experiment. Twelve ellipse-stage intestines from eight embryos were cut open lengthwise to form flat fragments with ...
r-Gir - Microbiology
... and his co-workers provided an elegant biochemical explanation of this model. They demonstrated that nascent chitin is synthesized in relatively amorphous strands which become thicker as chitin chains accrete by hydrogen bonding to form microfibrils. These are then cross-linked gradually to glucan c ...
... and his co-workers provided an elegant biochemical explanation of this model. They demonstrated that nascent chitin is synthesized in relatively amorphous strands which become thicker as chitin chains accrete by hydrogen bonding to form microfibrils. These are then cross-linked gradually to glucan c ...
Influence of salinity on the localization of Na+/K+
... (NKCC; Degnan, 1984). Rather than being diffusive, chloride secretion at the apical surface may occur through an ion channel with characteristics similar to that of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR; Marshall et al., 1995). Sodium is secreted by a paracellular pathway, pr ...
... (NKCC; Degnan, 1984). Rather than being diffusive, chloride secretion at the apical surface may occur through an ion channel with characteristics similar to that of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR; Marshall et al., 1995). Sodium is secreted by a paracellular pathway, pr ...
Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) adhesion to intestinal
... and effacing’ (A/E) lesions on small intestinal enterocytes. EPEC adhesins that have been associated with A/E adhesion and intestinal colonization include bundle-forming pili (BFP), EspA filaments and intimin. BFP are involved in bacteria–bacteria interaction and microcolony formation but their role ...
... and effacing’ (A/E) lesions on small intestinal enterocytes. EPEC adhesins that have been associated with A/E adhesion and intestinal colonization include bundle-forming pili (BFP), EspA filaments and intimin. BFP are involved in bacteria–bacteria interaction and microcolony formation but their role ...
Enzymes for Cell Dissociation and Lysis - Sigma
... specificities and relative activities on native collagen and synthetic substrates. These two collagenases can be distinguished by their preference for one of the two different substrates used in SigmaAldrich’s assays. The Collagenase Digestive Unit (CDU) assay10,11 measures predominantly the Collage ...
... specificities and relative activities on native collagen and synthetic substrates. These two collagenases can be distinguished by their preference for one of the two different substrates used in SigmaAldrich’s assays. The Collagenase Digestive Unit (CDU) assay10,11 measures predominantly the Collage ...
Dissecting the function of Atg1 complex in Dictyostelium autophagy
... Dictyostelium discoideum is a social amoeba whose developmental cycle takes place in the absence of nutrients, and thus the cells need mechanisms to mobilize resources that enable the maintenance of the cellular homeostasis. As a result, autophagy impairment leads to distinct developmental phenotype ...
... Dictyostelium discoideum is a social amoeba whose developmental cycle takes place in the absence of nutrients, and thus the cells need mechanisms to mobilize resources that enable the maintenance of the cellular homeostasis. As a result, autophagy impairment leads to distinct developmental phenotype ...
year 12 biology - Miss Jan`s Science Wikispace
... Explain what is meant by the substrate Explain how enzymes are affected by heat Explain what is meant by denature Explain how enzymes are affected by pH Explain how enzymes are affected by concentration Explain how enzymes are affected by chemicals Explain what is meant by optimum conditions with re ...
... Explain what is meant by the substrate Explain how enzymes are affected by heat Explain what is meant by denature Explain how enzymes are affected by pH Explain how enzymes are affected by concentration Explain how enzymes are affected by chemicals Explain what is meant by optimum conditions with re ...
An 83 kDa 0-GlcNAc-Glycoprotein Is Found in the Axoplasm and
... In previous studies, single O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (OGlcNAc) units were found on glycoproteins rapidly transported alongaxonsin the CNS ofA&iu culifornicu (Gabel et al., 1989) and also at growth cones of Aplysia neurons growing in vitro (Ambron et al., 1989). These were the first descriptions ...
... In previous studies, single O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (OGlcNAc) units were found on glycoproteins rapidly transported alongaxonsin the CNS ofA&iu culifornicu (Gabel et al., 1989) and also at growth cones of Aplysia neurons growing in vitro (Ambron et al., 1989). These were the first descriptions ...
Anatomy Step I Basic Histology Slides (Repariert)
... process begins at diaphysis (blood cells enter here+ osteoclasts+ Osteoproginator cells) 3) osteoblasts adhere to calcified matrix & produce layers of primary bone 4) creation of 2nd ossification centers in epiphysis -> ossification centers produce cavities that are filled with bone marrow 5 zones ...
... process begins at diaphysis (blood cells enter here+ osteoclasts+ Osteoproginator cells) 3) osteoblasts adhere to calcified matrix & produce layers of primary bone 4) creation of 2nd ossification centers in epiphysis -> ossification centers produce cavities that are filled with bone marrow 5 zones ...
RNA Processing Bodies, Peroxisomes, Golgi Bodies, Mitochondria
... et al. 2010). Interestingly, although actin filaments sustain long-distance transport of plant organelles, it has recently been observed that microtubules influence short-distance behavior, causing pauses for both peroxisomes (Chuong et al. 2005) and the Golgi (Crowell et al. 2009, Gutierrez et al. ...
... et al. 2010). Interestingly, although actin filaments sustain long-distance transport of plant organelles, it has recently been observed that microtubules influence short-distance behavior, causing pauses for both peroxisomes (Chuong et al. 2005) and the Golgi (Crowell et al. 2009, Gutierrez et al. ...
UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) Mitochondria in neutrophil
... their apoptosis. Most prominent amongst these proteins in neutrophils are Mcl-1 and Bfl-1. The main function of Mcl-1 in neutrophils seems to be inhibition of Bax translocation 5, but this thesis has demonstrated that the role of Bfl-1 in the apoptotic process is far from obvious. The function of Ba ...
... their apoptosis. Most prominent amongst these proteins in neutrophils are Mcl-1 and Bfl-1. The main function of Mcl-1 in neutrophils seems to be inhibition of Bax translocation 5, but this thesis has demonstrated that the role of Bfl-1 in the apoptotic process is far from obvious. The function of Ba ...
role of potassium in human and animal nutrition 2
... The proper level of potassium is essential for normal cell function. An abnormal increase in potassium (hyperkalemia) or decrease in potassium (hypokalemia) can profoundly affect the nervous system and heart, and when extreme, can be fatal. The normal blood potassium level is 3.5 to 5.0 milliEquival ...
... The proper level of potassium is essential for normal cell function. An abnormal increase in potassium (hyperkalemia) or decrease in potassium (hypokalemia) can profoundly affect the nervous system and heart, and when extreme, can be fatal. The normal blood potassium level is 3.5 to 5.0 milliEquival ...
Extracellular matrix
In biology, the extracellular matrix (ECM) is a collection of extracellular molecules secreted by cells that provides structural and biochemical support to the surrounding cells. Because multicellularity evolved independently in different multicellular lineages, the composition of ECM varies between multicellular structures; however, cell adhesion, cell-to-cell communication and differentiation are common functions of the ECM.The animal extracellular matrix includes the interstitial matrix and the basement membrane. Interstitial matrix is present between various animal cells (i.e., in the intercellular spaces). Gels of polysaccharides and fibrous proteins fill the interstitial space and act as a compression buffer against the stress placed on the ECM. Basement membranes are sheet-like depositions of ECM on which various epithelial cells rest.The plant ECM includes cell wall components, like cellulose, in addition to more complex signaling molecules. Some single-celled organisms adopt multicelluar biofilms in which the cells are embedded in an ECM composed primarily of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS).