Role of Template Activating Factor-I as a
... folded into the 10 nm chromatin fiber. Linker histone H1 seals the entry and exit of nucleosomal DNA and is involved in folding and stabilization of the 30 nm chromatin fiber (Tremethick, ...
... folded into the 10 nm chromatin fiber. Linker histone H1 seals the entry and exit of nucleosomal DNA and is involved in folding and stabilization of the 30 nm chromatin fiber (Tremethick, ...
CELLS - Hudson City School District
... Largest structure in a plant cell Smaller in animal cells ...
... Largest structure in a plant cell Smaller in animal cells ...
Mitochondrial fusion dynamics is robust in the heart and depends on
... Mitochondrial fusion is thought to be important for supporting cardiac contractility, but is hardly detectable in cultured cardiomyocytes and is difficult to directly evaluate in the heart. We overcame this obstacle through in vivo adenoviral transduction with matrix-targeted photoactivatable GFP an ...
... Mitochondrial fusion is thought to be important for supporting cardiac contractility, but is hardly detectable in cultured cardiomyocytes and is difficult to directly evaluate in the heart. We overcame this obstacle through in vivo adenoviral transduction with matrix-targeted photoactivatable GFP an ...
Photoactivatable GFP tagging cassettes for protein
... First, we subcloned a DNA fragment containing the open reading frame of PA–GFP (Patterson and Lippincott-Schwartz, 2002; Tulu et al., 2003) from a mammalian expression plasmid into a yeast-tagging plasmid containing the kan r selection marker, generating PA–GFP::kan r cassette (Figure 1A). This PA–G ...
... First, we subcloned a DNA fragment containing the open reading frame of PA–GFP (Patterson and Lippincott-Schwartz, 2002; Tulu et al., 2003) from a mammalian expression plasmid into a yeast-tagging plasmid containing the kan r selection marker, generating PA–GFP::kan r cassette (Figure 1A). This PA–G ...
Mitochondrial Dynamics
... coli, show that cytokinesis is carried out by proteins such as filamentous temperaturesensitive Z (FtsZ), a bacterial tubulin homologue (Bi and Lutkenhaus 1991). FtsZ localizes to the inner surface of the cell membrane at division sites, where it forms a ring structure (Z ring) that enables constric ...
... coli, show that cytokinesis is carried out by proteins such as filamentous temperaturesensitive Z (FtsZ), a bacterial tubulin homologue (Bi and Lutkenhaus 1991). FtsZ localizes to the inner surface of the cell membrane at division sites, where it forms a ring structure (Z ring) that enables constric ...
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vprmediated G2 cell cycle
... arrest mediated by Vpr in HIV-1 pathogenesis is as yet unclear. Experimental evidence in in vitro systems indicates that the establishment of a cell cycle arrest enables HIV-1 to optimize virus production and cripple the immune response, thus facilitating the persistence of the virus within the infe ...
... arrest mediated by Vpr in HIV-1 pathogenesis is as yet unclear. Experimental evidence in in vitro systems indicates that the establishment of a cell cycle arrest enables HIV-1 to optimize virus production and cripple the immune response, thus facilitating the persistence of the virus within the infe ...
Platelets Served with - The Journal of Immunology
... Platelets are small cellular fragments with the primary physiological role of maintaining hemostasis. In addition to this well-described classical function, it is becoming increasingly clear that platelets have an intimate connection with infection and inflammation. This stems from several platelet ...
... Platelets are small cellular fragments with the primary physiological role of maintaining hemostasis. In addition to this well-described classical function, it is becoming increasingly clear that platelets have an intimate connection with infection and inflammation. This stems from several platelet ...
A single-headed fission yeast myosin V transports actin in a
... localization and function of Myo51. Myo51 was expressed in insect cells in the presence or absence of Rng8/9. Surprisingly, electron microscopy of negatively stained images and hydrodynamic measurements showed that Myo51 is single headed, unlike most class V myosins. When Myo51–Rng8/9 was bound to a ...
... localization and function of Myo51. Myo51 was expressed in insect cells in the presence or absence of Rng8/9. Surprisingly, electron microscopy of negatively stained images and hydrodynamic measurements showed that Myo51 is single headed, unlike most class V myosins. When Myo51–Rng8/9 was bound to a ...
Making a Connection: Direct Binding between
... in this interaction, and efforts to identify a direct association between purified DPI and tongue epithelial keratins have been unsuccessful (O'Keefe et al., 1989). A priori, the failure to cosediment keratin IFs and purified DPI might seem to support the notion that the interaction might be indirec ...
... in this interaction, and efforts to identify a direct association between purified DPI and tongue epithelial keratins have been unsuccessful (O'Keefe et al., 1989). A priori, the failure to cosediment keratin IFs and purified DPI might seem to support the notion that the interaction might be indirec ...
Endosperm Origin, Development, and Function
... and embryo, even though these tissues are remarkably different at the morphological and physiological levels. Such a conclusion could be viewed as further support for Friedman’s (1990a, 1992) hypothesis of endosperm evolution from a supernumerary embryo (Olsen et al. 1992). Genetic analysis suggests ...
... and embryo, even though these tissues are remarkably different at the morphological and physiological levels. Such a conclusion could be viewed as further support for Friedman’s (1990a, 1992) hypothesis of endosperm evolution from a supernumerary embryo (Olsen et al. 1992). Genetic analysis suggests ...
Mitochondrial translation factors of Trypanosoma brucei: elongation
... closely related. To understand the conserved features of mitochondrial translation and the evolutionary forces that shaped it, it is important to study the process in a more diverse group of eukaryotes. The parasitic protozoan Trypanosoma brucei and its relatives are excellent systems to do so, sinc ...
... closely related. To understand the conserved features of mitochondrial translation and the evolutionary forces that shaped it, it is important to study the process in a more diverse group of eukaryotes. The parasitic protozoan Trypanosoma brucei and its relatives are excellent systems to do so, sinc ...
Surge and destroy: the role of auxin in plant embryogenesis
... factors influencing PIN localization are flavonoids, a family of secondary metabolites (Peer et al., 2004), and the PINOID kinase (Friml et al., 2004). PINOID kinase activity appears to direct the PIN proteins to the apical end of the cell, while lack of PINOID kinase function directs the PIN protei ...
... factors influencing PIN localization are flavonoids, a family of secondary metabolites (Peer et al., 2004), and the PINOID kinase (Friml et al., 2004). PINOID kinase activity appears to direct the PIN proteins to the apical end of the cell, while lack of PINOID kinase function directs the PIN protei ...
refinement of an in vitro cell model for cytochrome p450 induction
... Preparation of Samples for Western Blot Analysis. For rat hepatocytes cultured in 60-mm dishes, the cellular microsomal fraction was isolated. Briefly, cell pellets were suspended in 100 ml of ice-cold 0.1 M potassium phosphate, pH 7.4, and homogenized by sonication. The cell homogenate was centrifu ...
... Preparation of Samples for Western Blot Analysis. For rat hepatocytes cultured in 60-mm dishes, the cellular microsomal fraction was isolated. Briefly, cell pellets were suspended in 100 ml of ice-cold 0.1 M potassium phosphate, pH 7.4, and homogenized by sonication. The cell homogenate was centrifu ...
... keratinised stratified squamous type devoid of melanocytes. The epithelium rested on a layer of dense irregular connective tissue, rich in nerves and blood vessels. This connective tissue also housed numerous simple tubular mucus-secreting glands (Fig. 3.12) which opened onto the surface via a duct ...
Interaction of PIN and PGP transport mechanisms in auxin
... For the characterization of PIN- and PGP-mediated auxin efflux at the cellular level, we used BY-2 cells that harbour DEX-inducible PGP19-HA (GVG-PGP19-HA) or PIN7 (GVG-PIN7) constructs that had already been used to study the ability of corresponding proteins to mediate efflux from plant cells (Petr ...
... For the characterization of PIN- and PGP-mediated auxin efflux at the cellular level, we used BY-2 cells that harbour DEX-inducible PGP19-HA (GVG-PGP19-HA) or PIN7 (GVG-PIN7) constructs that had already been used to study the ability of corresponding proteins to mediate efflux from plant cells (Petr ...
Post-transcriptional regulation of auxin transport proteins: cellular
... any) will help determine whether the central variable domain of the PIN proteins plays a functional role in transport or has a primarily regulatory function as has been proposed. Some evidence suggests that auxin efflux proteins also mediate intercellular auxin movement from mildly alkaline organell ...
... any) will help determine whether the central variable domain of the PIN proteins plays a functional role in transport or has a primarily regulatory function as has been proposed. Some evidence suggests that auxin efflux proteins also mediate intercellular auxin movement from mildly alkaline organell ...
ExamView - Untitled.tst
... c. injury b. disease d. All of these answers are correct. 13. The chemical process in living organisms whereby cells are nourished and carry out their activities is: a. mitosis c. metabolism b. division d. reproduction 14. The phase of metabolism that involves the breaking down of complex compounds ...
... c. injury b. disease d. All of these answers are correct. 13. The chemical process in living organisms whereby cells are nourished and carry out their activities is: a. mitosis c. metabolism b. division d. reproduction 14. The phase of metabolism that involves the breaking down of complex compounds ...
Core Transcriptional Regulatory Circuit Controlled by the
... (‘‘Prima 2’’ and ‘‘Prima 5’’) derived from primary T-ALL cells expanded in immunocompromised mice without any exposure to in vitro culture. Aberrant expression of TAL1 in both primagrafts and the CCRF-CEM cell line is due to an 90-kb SIL-TAL deletion. The activity of the TAL1 antibody used was vali ...
... (‘‘Prima 2’’ and ‘‘Prima 5’’) derived from primary T-ALL cells expanded in immunocompromised mice without any exposure to in vitro culture. Aberrant expression of TAL1 in both primagrafts and the CCRF-CEM cell line is due to an 90-kb SIL-TAL deletion. The activity of the TAL1 antibody used was vali ...
Paramecium as a bioassay system for elucidation of cytotoxicity and
... cytotoxicity effect on both cellular properties in all experiments performed in this study. However, we have found strong cytotoxic effect of CNF in the cell division tests. In this test we used culture medium containing lettuce juice and nutritive bacteria as described in “Materials and Methods”. T ...
... cytotoxicity effect on both cellular properties in all experiments performed in this study. However, we have found strong cytotoxic effect of CNF in the cell division tests. In this test we used culture medium containing lettuce juice and nutritive bacteria as described in “Materials and Methods”. T ...
1 2. Endoscopic Anatomy of the Paranasal Sinuses Anatomical
... nasolacrimal canal: the canal lies to the lateral nasal wall at the same level as the agger nasi or 1-2 mm in front of it. It runs parallel to the agger, after running medially under some ethmoidal cells. This proximity explains why the lacrimal canal is in danger in the region around the ethmoid ce ...
... nasolacrimal canal: the canal lies to the lateral nasal wall at the same level as the agger nasi or 1-2 mm in front of it. It runs parallel to the agger, after running medially under some ethmoidal cells. This proximity explains why the lacrimal canal is in danger in the region around the ethmoid ce ...
TAL1occupancy_WuRevised_v16 - bx.psu.edu
... (Kassouf et al. 2008). These results show that direct binding to DNA is dispensable for some TAL1 functions in primitive erythropoiesis. Furthermore, a motif search on TAL1 binding sites in human proerythroblasts revealed that E-boxes are absent from over one-fifth of the sites. Indeed, GATA motifs ...
... (Kassouf et al. 2008). These results show that direct binding to DNA is dispensable for some TAL1 functions in primitive erythropoiesis. Furthermore, a motif search on TAL1 binding sites in human proerythroblasts revealed that E-boxes are absent from over one-fifth of the sites. Indeed, GATA motifs ...
Engineering microfluidic concentration gradient generators for
... A microfluidic gradient generator manipulates small volumes of reagents, usually in nanolitres or microlitres, through networks of sub-micron to micrometer sized channels. The advances in microfabrication technology led to the continuous miniaturization of channel geometries, thereby reducing gradie ...
... A microfluidic gradient generator manipulates small volumes of reagents, usually in nanolitres or microlitres, through networks of sub-micron to micrometer sized channels. The advances in microfabrication technology led to the continuous miniaturization of channel geometries, thereby reducing gradie ...
Engineering microfluidic concentration gradient generators for
... A microfluidic gradient generator manipulates small volumes of reagents, usually in nanolitres or microlitres, through networks of sub-micron to micrometer sized channels. The advances in microfabrication technology led to the continuous miniaturization of channel geometries, thereby reducing gradie ...
... A microfluidic gradient generator manipulates small volumes of reagents, usually in nanolitres or microlitres, through networks of sub-micron to micrometer sized channels. The advances in microfabrication technology led to the continuous miniaturization of channel geometries, thereby reducing gradie ...
Extracellular matrix
In biology, the extracellular matrix (ECM) is a collection of extracellular molecules secreted by cells that provides structural and biochemical support to the surrounding cells. Because multicellularity evolved independently in different multicellular lineages, the composition of ECM varies between multicellular structures; however, cell adhesion, cell-to-cell communication and differentiation are common functions of the ECM.The animal extracellular matrix includes the interstitial matrix and the basement membrane. Interstitial matrix is present between various animal cells (i.e., in the intercellular spaces). Gels of polysaccharides and fibrous proteins fill the interstitial space and act as a compression buffer against the stress placed on the ECM. Basement membranes are sheet-like depositions of ECM on which various epithelial cells rest.The plant ECM includes cell wall components, like cellulose, in addition to more complex signaling molecules. Some single-celled organisms adopt multicelluar biofilms in which the cells are embedded in an ECM composed primarily of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS).