A Brief History of History
... was an enormous star. In these processes the first nuclei of helium were formed out of the protons and neutrons that existed. The process was not able to continue for long. The expansion of the universe and its cooling down stopped the nuclear fusion shortly before the third minute of history. By th ...
... was an enormous star. In these processes the first nuclei of helium were formed out of the protons and neutrons that existed. The process was not able to continue for long. The expansion of the universe and its cooling down stopped the nuclear fusion shortly before the third minute of history. By th ...
Cosmology – The Origin and Evolution of the Universe
... • But ionized gas is opaque: So, we should see through cool transparent gas until our line-of-sight hits gas so young and so hot that it’s ionized and opaque. • Thus: Prediction - We should see 3,000 K gas in all directions = The Cosmic Background Radiation • Universe was hot & opaque until ~1/2 mil ...
... • But ionized gas is opaque: So, we should see through cool transparent gas until our line-of-sight hits gas so young and so hot that it’s ionized and opaque. • Thus: Prediction - We should see 3,000 K gas in all directions = The Cosmic Background Radiation • Universe was hot & opaque until ~1/2 mil ...
Solutions - UC Berkeley Astronomy w
... Supernovae are used as standard candles to measure distances to distant galaxies. This is then compared to the redshift of these galaxies, which provides their velocities. By comparing changes in the velocities at different distances (which corresponds to different times) we can infer whether there ...
... Supernovae are used as standard candles to measure distances to distant galaxies. This is then compared to the redshift of these galaxies, which provides their velocities. By comparing changes in the velocities at different distances (which corresponds to different times) we can infer whether there ...
Hubblecast Episode 68: The Hubble time machine Visual notes 00
... 7. Nowhere is this seen better than in the Hubble Deep Field images. To create these images Hubble gazed at the same patches of sky for very long periods of time, gathering enough light to see extremely faint and very far away objects. These images show some of the most distant galaxies that have ev ...
... 7. Nowhere is this seen better than in the Hubble Deep Field images. To create these images Hubble gazed at the same patches of sky for very long periods of time, gathering enough light to see extremely faint and very far away objects. These images show some of the most distant galaxies that have ev ...
The Universe - Mrs. Bills Brainy Bunch
... After the Big Bang In the first few moments after the Big Bang, the universe was unimaginably hot and dense. As the universe expanded, it became less dense and began to cool. After only a few seconds, protons, neutrons, and electrons could form. After a few minutes, those subatomic particles ...
... After the Big Bang In the first few moments after the Big Bang, the universe was unimaginably hot and dense. As the universe expanded, it became less dense and began to cool. After only a few seconds, protons, neutrons, and electrons could form. After a few minutes, those subatomic particles ...
Exploring the Early Universe - Solar Physics and Space Weather
... • During the inflation, the universe expanded so fast that particles were rapidly separated and were deprived the opportunity of spontaneous recombination. As a result, virtual particles became real particles in the real world • After the inflation, the universe was flooded with particles and antipa ...
... • During the inflation, the universe expanded so fast that particles were rapidly separated and were deprived the opportunity of spontaneous recombination. As a result, virtual particles became real particles in the real world • After the inflation, the universe was flooded with particles and antipa ...
Frontiers of Astronomy. Fred Hoyle. The Expanding Universe
... have been distributed lopsidedly without large scale uniformity, but it isn't because it wasn't created that way. Indeed the Universe might have been created in any of an infinity of other ways but it wasn't. It was created to have just the properties of expansion and of uniformity that we observe. ...
... have been distributed lopsidedly without large scale uniformity, but it isn't because it wasn't created that way. Indeed the Universe might have been created in any of an infinity of other ways but it wasn't. It was created to have just the properties of expansion and of uniformity that we observe. ...
123mt13-2a
... Confine your answers to the space provided and write legibly for the last 3 questions. There are a total of 120 points on this exam. Part I: True or False: Circle your answer. 2 pts each ...
... Confine your answers to the space provided and write legibly for the last 3 questions. There are a total of 120 points on this exam. Part I: True or False: Circle your answer. 2 pts each ...
PowerPoint Presentation - The Origin of the Universe
... If the universe were infinite in size & contained an infinite number of stars that live forever, then every line-of-sight would eventually lead to a star Stars light dims as 1/r2 but the volume of space sampled increases by the same factor So, the night sky should be as bright everywhere as the aver ...
... If the universe were infinite in size & contained an infinite number of stars that live forever, then every line-of-sight would eventually lead to a star Stars light dims as 1/r2 but the volume of space sampled increases by the same factor So, the night sky should be as bright everywhere as the aver ...
AST101 Lecture 25 Why is the Night Sky Dark?
... – It may not be in equilibrium – It may not have had stars in the past ...
... – It may not be in equilibrium – It may not have had stars in the past ...
Document
... Every direction you point ends on a tree Therefore, every direction is tree-bark brown ...
... Every direction you point ends on a tree Therefore, every direction is tree-bark brown ...
04 Astrophysics_-_lesson_4 cosmology
... standard candle (astronomical object that has a know luminosity) for almost a century. This connection was discovered in 1912 by ...
... standard candle (astronomical object that has a know luminosity) for almost a century. This connection was discovered in 1912 by ...
Scientific Models and a Comprehensive Picture of
... state theory predicts a plot with slope -1.5 at high flux end flattening to lower slopes -1.4, -1.3, etc. steadily as one observes fainter sources. Thus a steep slope like -1.8 can in principle disprove the theory. The typical big bang model can, however, produce any slope if one introduces suitable ...
... state theory predicts a plot with slope -1.5 at high flux end flattening to lower slopes -1.4, -1.3, etc. steadily as one observes fainter sources. Thus a steep slope like -1.8 can in principle disprove the theory. The typical big bang model can, however, produce any slope if one introduces suitable ...
The Solar System and our Universe
... about the origin of the Universe? (M5 & M6) • Scientists believe that the red shift evidence tells us that at some point in time, billions of years ago, all the mater & energy in the Universe was concentrated in the same place. • A massive explosion tool place – Big Bang. • It flung all the matter & ...
... about the origin of the Universe? (M5 & M6) • Scientists believe that the red shift evidence tells us that at some point in time, billions of years ago, all the mater & energy in the Universe was concentrated in the same place. • A massive explosion tool place – Big Bang. • It flung all the matter & ...
physics_cosmic_engine - HSC Guru
... Friedmann proved mathematically that the universe is expanding. However he made some assumptions in order to prove it. Hubble showed that the universe was expanding, by showing that almost all the galaxies are red-shifted, meaning that they are moving away from us. ...
... Friedmann proved mathematically that the universe is expanding. However he made some assumptions in order to prove it. Hubble showed that the universe was expanding, by showing that almost all the galaxies are red-shifted, meaning that they are moving away from us. ...
Time From the Perspective of a Particle Physicist
... stars are formed in groups with some massive and some small. The size of the largest stars in the cluster tells us how old all the stars in that cluster are. The oldest clusters are formed from the primordial material of the Universe (before stars existed) and their atomic composition is a fossil re ...
... stars are formed in groups with some massive and some small. The size of the largest stars in the cluster tells us how old all the stars in that cluster are. The oldest clusters are formed from the primordial material of the Universe (before stars existed) and their atomic composition is a fossil re ...
Astronomy The Night Sky. Vocabulary Terms to know for the
... However, if you wanted to tell me where Scorpio was, looking from your backyard, you would measure its height above the __________________________) and use a compass to tell me how far from due North it was (____________________). These are only good from your house at the exact hour and day you too ...
... However, if you wanted to tell me where Scorpio was, looking from your backyard, you would measure its height above the __________________________) and use a compass to tell me how far from due North it was (____________________). These are only good from your house at the exact hour and day you too ...
P1 - Foundation
... The theory states that about 13.7 billion years ago all the matter in the Universe began to enlarge rapidly in a hot explosion, and it is still expanding today. Evidence for the Big Bang includes: • all the galaxies are moving away from us (red shift) • the further away a galaxy is, the faster it is ...
... The theory states that about 13.7 billion years ago all the matter in the Universe began to enlarge rapidly in a hot explosion, and it is still expanding today. Evidence for the Big Bang includes: • all the galaxies are moving away from us (red shift) • the further away a galaxy is, the faster it is ...
Name________________ Astronomy I cans 1. What is the Big Bang
... to the Big Bang. What is believed to have happened to the matter and energy at the time of the Big Bang? 3. What was the first element to be created and is the most abundant in the universe after the Big Bang? 4. What is evidence that the Big Bang occurred? ...
... to the Big Bang. What is believed to have happened to the matter and energy at the time of the Big Bang? 3. What was the first element to be created and is the most abundant in the universe after the Big Bang? 4. What is evidence that the Big Bang occurred? ...
Expanding Universe
... • Hubble’s law could determine the age of our universe, about 12-15 billion years old because Ho offers the needed information. ...
... • Hubble’s law could determine the age of our universe, about 12-15 billion years old because Ho offers the needed information. ...
Chapter 12 - Our Place in the Universe
... some larger distances are estimated by the apparent brightness of ‘standard candles’, e.g. Cepheid variables and Type 1a supernovae distant objects are observed as they once were because it has taken light time to travel the cosmological distance scale is still subject to uncertainty Spectra ...
... some larger distances are estimated by the apparent brightness of ‘standard candles’, e.g. Cepheid variables and Type 1a supernovae distant objects are observed as they once were because it has taken light time to travel the cosmological distance scale is still subject to uncertainty Spectra ...
Chapter 2 Basic Chemistry
... Origin of the Universe • According to the Big Bang Theory, immediately after the big bang, the Universe was extremely hot and made up of pure energy. There was a period of rapid expansion that caused the energy to cool and allowed sub-atomic particles, such as protons, electrons, and neutrons, to f ...
... Origin of the Universe • According to the Big Bang Theory, immediately after the big bang, the Universe was extremely hot and made up of pure energy. There was a period of rapid expansion that caused the energy to cool and allowed sub-atomic particles, such as protons, electrons, and neutrons, to f ...
Big Bang
The Big Bang theory is the prevailing cosmological model for the universe from the earliest known periods through its subsequent large-scale evolution. The model accounts for the fact that the universe expanded from a very high density and high temperature state, and offers a comprehensive explanation for a broad range of observed phenomena, including the abundance of light elements, the cosmic microwave background, large scale structure, and Hubble's Law. If the known laws of physics are extrapolated beyond where they are valid, there is a singularity. Modern measurements place this moment at approximately 13.8 billion years ago, which is thus considered the age of the universe. After the initial expansion, the universe cooled sufficiently to allow the formation of subatomic particles, and later simple atoms. Giant clouds of these primordial elements later coalesced through gravity to form stars and galaxies.Since Georges Lemaître first noted, in 1927, that an expanding universe might be traced back in time to an originating single point, scientists have built on his idea of cosmic expansion. While the scientific community was once divided between supporters of two different expanding universe theories, the Big Bang and the Steady State theory, accumulated empirical evidence provides strong support for the former. In 1929, from analysis of galactic redshifts, Edwin Hubble concluded that galaxies are drifting apart, important observational evidence consistent with the hypothesis of an expanding universe. In 1965, the cosmic microwave background radiation was discovered, which was crucial evidence in favor of the Big Bang model, since that theory predicted the existence of background radiation throughout the universe before it was discovered. More recently, measurements of the redshifts of supernovae indicate that the expansion of the universe is accelerating, an observation attributed to dark energy's existence. The known physical laws of nature can be used to calculate the characteristics of the universe in detail back in time to an initial state of extreme density and temperature.