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... explanation for the motions of galaxies and the stars within them, MOND proponents suggest that “what you see is what you get in the universe” and that it is the laws of gravity which need revision. Under MOND, any object whose acceleration drops below some small threshold value receives an extra ac ...
00:00 [Narrator] 1. The Milky Way galaxy is our cosmic home. But it
00:00 [Narrator] 1. The Milky Way galaxy is our cosmic home. But it

... analysis of published data from Hubble and other telescopes. They have concluded that the previous estimate of the number of galaxies within the observable Universe is at least ten times too low! They think that some 90% of the galaxies in the Universe are actually too faint and too far away to be o ...
Answer Key: Big Bang Balloon Analysis Questions
Answer Key: Big Bang Balloon Analysis Questions

... The universe is everything – planets, stars, galaxies, space, and even time! No one knows how big the universe is. In the past, many people thought the universe was infinite. Now, most cosmologists (astronomers who study the universe. “Kosmos” is a Greek word that means “the organization of everythi ...
chapter 28 pages 747-752
chapter 28 pages 747-752

... The greater the distance, the faster its moving away. ...
This is a preview of the published version of the quiz
This is a preview of the published version of the quiz

... not slowing down but is rather speeding up, or accelerating in its expansion, used a standard candle that you should be familiar with by now.  What did they use? ...
Which of the following is the best description of an Sc galaxy? A) a
Which of the following is the best description of an Sc galaxy? A) a

... The Virgo Cluster of galaxies is receding from us at about 1500 km/sec. How does its distance compare with the diameter of the Milky Way galaxy? A) its distance is about ten times the diameter of the Milky Way B) its distance is about 50 times the diameter of the Milky Way C) its distance is about 5 ...
PDF - Florida State University
PDF - Florida State University

... Astronomy 1002 is a science class in which we will study what the universe is made of There are a wide range of objects out there, including planets, stars and galaxies Next time we will start learning how these objects move around relative to each other This class can be one of the most interesting ...
EPB_Paper1_EarlyUniverse
EPB_Paper1_EarlyUniverse

... structures that formed from the various clumps of high density areas which were able to form into stars and galaxies. As structures in the universe began to form, small structures were thought to have formed before larger ones, which follows the “bottom-up theory”. There is also the less-accepted “t ...
Discovery Of A Major Contradiction In Big Bang Cosmology Points
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... of the sun [1] , contradicts big bang’s nucleosynthesis prediction that it should be much less than the sun’s in the case of high-z objects. Since this prediction is based on the assumption that the universe is governed by the Friedmann-Lemaître (F-L) expanding spacetime solution of the Einstein fie ...
BIG BANG ACOUSTICS – SOUND IN THE EARLY UNIVERSE
BIG BANG ACOUSTICS – SOUND IN THE EARLY UNIVERSE

... close association with the observational developments, theorists have been constructing highly sophisticated computational models of the evolving perturbations which include most of the relevant physics. As in many sciences, one can study reality by matching model calculations to observations. In pr ...
Bang To Sol - Transcript
Bang To Sol - Transcript

... This condition lasted for almost 300,000 years while the universe grew and cooled. Finally it was cool enough for the electrons to be captured by the hydrogen and helium nuclei and the first atoms were formed. Suddenly, light could race thru the universe without bumping into charged particles and t ...
runaway - Astronomy & Astrophysics Group
runaway - Astronomy & Astrophysics Group

... The galaxy is, in fact, nothing but a collection of innumerable stars grouped together in clusters. Upon whatever part of it the telescope is directed, a vast crowd of stars is immediately presented to view. Many of them are rather large and quite bright, while the number of smaller ones is quite be ...
Expansion of the Universe
Expansion of the Universe

... The first statement involves the internal geometry of the object, which can be measured by an observer sitting in the object. The second statement involves the external geometry of the object, which can only be measured by an observer outside the object. Since we are stuck within our spacetime, we n ...
The Big Bang Theory - Warren County Schools
The Big Bang Theory - Warren County Schools

... It takes a finite amount of time for light to travel a distance. In one second light travel about 300,000,000 meters. The distance light travels in a year is called a light-year (ly). When we look at distant stars or galaxies, we actually are seeing how they looked at some time in the past. ...
Contents - No Starch Press
Contents - No Starch Press

... What Has the Heliocentric Theory Taught Us? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A Somewhat Complicated Explanation of Kepler’s Laws . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Firs ...
Contents - Beck-Shop
Contents - Beck-Shop

... What Has the Heliocentric Theory Taught Us? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A Somewhat Complicated Explanation of Kepler’s Laws . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . First Law: The Orbit of Every Planet Is an Ellipse with the Sun at th ...
CosmologyL2
CosmologyL2

... How do we know that the expansion of the universe is speeding up? by comparing its expansion today with how fast it was expanding in the distant past: By observing the motions of galaxies at different distances, astronomers can tell how fast the universe was expanding at different times in the past ...
Introduction to Electromagnetism
Introduction to Electromagnetism

... • Discuss portfolios & evals. Read online ...
Galaxies - Edublogs
Galaxies - Edublogs

...  Black Holes – is a region of space where gravity is so strong that nothing, not even light can escape.  Dark Matter – refers to matter in the universe that is invisible because it does not interact with light or any other kind of radiation.  Star Clusters – distinct groupings of stars i.e. open ...
Inquiring minds want to know
Inquiring minds want to know

... Two detectors – one near, one far High statistics – challenge for accelerator and detector On and off axis ...
WHERE DO ELEMENTS COME FROM?
WHERE DO ELEMENTS COME FROM?

... How could stars and galaxies form if mass was perfectly distributed? ...
Digging the Third Grave for Naturalism – No “Dark Matter”
Digging the Third Grave for Naturalism – No “Dark Matter”

... The “dark matter” was necessary because almost all spiral galaxies have the same problem. The outer stars move too fast and cannot be accounted for using classical Newtonian mechanics. Then, they reasoned, there must be some matter which has not been seen, to account for the motion of the outer star ...
9. The very beginning - Mullard Space Science Laboratory
9. The very beginning - Mullard Space Science Laboratory

... 9. The beginning • This short lecture: • The hot big bang • Timeline –10-43 seconds to 380,000 years. ...
Cosmology ppt. - University of Dayton
Cosmology ppt. - University of Dayton

... What is the cosmological redshift? Photons from distant galaxies are all redshifted. This is a color shift in the radiation spectrum of galaxies. The further away the galaxy the greater its redshift. This redshift is caused by the expansion of the universe - further evidence for a Big Bang. All gal ...
The Runaway Universe - Astronomy & Astrophysics Group
The Runaway Universe - Astronomy & Astrophysics Group

... last freed from wordy debates about it. The galaxy is, in fact, nothing but a collection of innumerable stars grouped together in clusters. Upon whatever part of it the telescope is directed, a vast crowd of stars is immediately presented to view. Many of them are rather large and quite bright, whil ...
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Big Bang



The Big Bang theory is the prevailing cosmological model for the universe from the earliest known periods through its subsequent large-scale evolution. The model accounts for the fact that the universe expanded from a very high density and high temperature state, and offers a comprehensive explanation for a broad range of observed phenomena, including the abundance of light elements, the cosmic microwave background, large scale structure, and Hubble's Law. If the known laws of physics are extrapolated beyond where they are valid, there is a singularity. Modern measurements place this moment at approximately 13.8 billion years ago, which is thus considered the age of the universe. After the initial expansion, the universe cooled sufficiently to allow the formation of subatomic particles, and later simple atoms. Giant clouds of these primordial elements later coalesced through gravity to form stars and galaxies.Since Georges Lemaître first noted, in 1927, that an expanding universe might be traced back in time to an originating single point, scientists have built on his idea of cosmic expansion. While the scientific community was once divided between supporters of two different expanding universe theories, the Big Bang and the Steady State theory, accumulated empirical evidence provides strong support for the former. In 1929, from analysis of galactic redshifts, Edwin Hubble concluded that galaxies are drifting apart, important observational evidence consistent with the hypothesis of an expanding universe. In 1965, the cosmic microwave background radiation was discovered, which was crucial evidence in favor of the Big Bang model, since that theory predicted the existence of background radiation throughout the universe before it was discovered. More recently, measurements of the redshifts of supernovae indicate that the expansion of the universe is accelerating, an observation attributed to dark energy's existence. The known physical laws of nature can be used to calculate the characteristics of the universe in detail back in time to an initial state of extreme density and temperature.
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