Results from an Extremely Sensitive Rayleigh
... returned photons and then direct them into photon detectors that convert the physical, returned photons into a digital signal. The ALO Rayleigh lidar uses photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) for its detectors. After being directed onto the PMTs by the receiver optics, the photoelectrons from the photocatho ...
... returned photons and then direct them into photon detectors that convert the physical, returned photons into a digital signal. The ALO Rayleigh lidar uses photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) for its detectors. After being directed onto the PMTs by the receiver optics, the photoelectrons from the photocatho ...
Diffraction-free beams in thin films *
... exp共in兲 depending on the azimuthal coordinate and a radially varying Bessel function of the first kind and order n [1]. The maximum value of the zero-order Bessel function is attained at the origin; however, higher-order Bessel functions have a phase singularity at r = 0, reaching its highest inten ...
... exp共in兲 depending on the azimuthal coordinate and a radially varying Bessel function of the first kind and order n [1]. The maximum value of the zero-order Bessel function is attained at the origin; however, higher-order Bessel functions have a phase singularity at r = 0, reaching its highest inten ...
Experimental study of scattering from characterized random surfaces
... This method has its own limitations and is known to fail for deterministic surfaces with large slopes.8 Its applicability to random surfaces should similarly be limited by the stochastic slopes, though it has never been made clear when results obtained with this technique are, in principle, valid. M ...
... This method has its own limitations and is known to fail for deterministic surfaces with large slopes.8 Its applicability to random surfaces should similarly be limited by the stochastic slopes, though it has never been made clear when results obtained with this technique are, in principle, valid. M ...
Get PDF - OSA Publishing
... Now consider removing the limit from Eq. (2), so that n becomes a parameter that can be varied from one to infinity. If n = 1, then u = u0 + u0 φ , which is the additive relationship assumed in the Born approximation, if we identify us = u0 φ . This suggests that by using Eq. (2) as a definition of ...
... Now consider removing the limit from Eq. (2), so that n becomes a parameter that can be varied from one to infinity. If n = 1, then u = u0 + u0 φ , which is the additive relationship assumed in the Born approximation, if we identify us = u0 φ . This suggests that by using Eq. (2) as a definition of ...
Chapter 15 - dysoncentralne
... (a) The features of two waves in phase completely match, whereas (b) they are opposite each other in waves that are 1 80° out of phase. ...
... (a) The features of two waves in phase completely match, whereas (b) they are opposite each other in waves that are 1 80° out of phase. ...
Handbook of Optical Filters
... wavelength (more to the red) than the excitation color. These can be either bandpass filters or longpass filters. Common barrier filter colors are blue or pale yellow in the U-block, green or deep yellow in the B-block, and orange or red in the G-block. 3) The dichroic beamsplitter (also called the ...
... wavelength (more to the red) than the excitation color. These can be either bandpass filters or longpass filters. Common barrier filter colors are blue or pale yellow in the U-block, green or deep yellow in the B-block, and orange or red in the G-block. 3) The dichroic beamsplitter (also called the ...
Optical Properties of Nanostructures
... Light Scattering is a physical process where light is forced to deviate from a straight trajectory by heterogeneity in the medium through which they pass. Everything except a vacuum is heterogeneous in some sense. Even in media that we usually consider to be homogeneous, it is possible to distinguis ...
... Light Scattering is a physical process where light is forced to deviate from a straight trajectory by heterogeneity in the medium through which they pass. Everything except a vacuum is heterogeneous in some sense. Even in media that we usually consider to be homogeneous, it is possible to distinguis ...
The Michelson Interferometer Wavelength Meter
... Interference patterns are found only near zero path-length difference for the LED The difference between the two interferograms is caused by the difference in coherence properties of a source For a DFB laser, the two signals arriving at the photodetector have a well-defined phase relationship result ...
... Interference patterns are found only near zero path-length difference for the LED The difference between the two interferograms is caused by the difference in coherence properties of a source For a DFB laser, the two signals arriving at the photodetector have a well-defined phase relationship result ...
The basic purpose of a lens of any kind is to collect the light
... he homogeneity of optical materials and surfaces is the first requirement to achieve optimum focusing of light rays and proper image formation. Obviously, homogeneity of real materials has an upper limit determined by various factors ...
... he homogeneity of optical materials and surfaces is the first requirement to achieve optimum focusing of light rays and proper image formation. Obviously, homogeneity of real materials has an upper limit determined by various factors ...
Document
... • Polish-born, lived in France after World War II • Physicist, many inventions • Developed modification of interference microscopes now known as differential interference contrast (DIC) optics Theory & Appl. Light Microscopy ...
... • Polish-born, lived in France after World War II • Physicist, many inventions • Developed modification of interference microscopes now known as differential interference contrast (DIC) optics Theory & Appl. Light Microscopy ...
Parameters of ZnS/Metal/ZnS nanostructured systems with different
... heat treatment, the films are amorphous but after annealing, the films show only two maximum peak intensities. The maximum intensity peak at 2θ = 28.68° is contributed by ZnS films corresponds to the (002) predominant orientation. Other peak is related to Metal films. Diffraction angles observed at ...
... heat treatment, the films are amorphous but after annealing, the films show only two maximum peak intensities. The maximum intensity peak at 2θ = 28.68° is contributed by ZnS films corresponds to the (002) predominant orientation. Other peak is related to Metal films. Diffraction angles observed at ...
A method to generate complex quasi-nondiffracting optical lat
... constant intensities along stripes [Fig. 2(c)], while increasing da results in appearance of domains with increased or decreased intensities and the actual bending law for beam stripes may depart from the harmonic one [Fig. 2(d)]. The method allows also the identification of shapes of angular spectr ...
... constant intensities along stripes [Fig. 2(c)], while increasing da results in appearance of domains with increased or decreased intensities and the actual bending law for beam stripes may depart from the harmonic one [Fig. 2(d)]. The method allows also the identification of shapes of angular spectr ...
Slide 1
... HeNe lasers have a well-known wavelength that is relatively insensitive to temperature Wavelength meters have limited dynamic range compared to grating-based OSAs ...
... HeNe lasers have a well-known wavelength that is relatively insensitive to temperature Wavelength meters have limited dynamic range compared to grating-based OSAs ...
Physics for Scientists & Engineers 2
... ! Note that in this equation R2 is negative because it has the opposite curvature from the front surface ...
... ! Note that in this equation R2 is negative because it has the opposite curvature from the front surface ...
P approximation for reflectance imaging with an oblique beam of arbitrary profile 1
... We first compared the calculated reflectance images obtained according to Eqs. 共13兲 and 共16兲 for an incident beam at varying 0. The beam profile I0共 , 兲 was first assumed to be circular with a top-hat profile of radius w = 12.5 mm, i.e., I0共 , 兲 = Imax for 艋 w and 0 otherwise. For this case w ...
... We first compared the calculated reflectance images obtained according to Eqs. 共13兲 and 共16兲 for an incident beam at varying 0. The beam profile I0共 , 兲 was first assumed to be circular with a top-hat profile of radius w = 12.5 mm, i.e., I0共 , 兲 = Imax for 艋 w and 0 otherwise. For this case w ...
Revista Mexicana de Física . Simulation of Michelson and
... concentric circles and two blank ones. To observe the moiré effect, overlap both films with the circular patterns and slide one with respect to the other. Interesting and nice effects will be observed depending on the distance a between centers of the circles, as shown in Fig. 1. A family of hyperb ...
... concentric circles and two blank ones. To observe the moiré effect, overlap both films with the circular patterns and slide one with respect to the other. Interesting and nice effects will be observed depending on the distance a between centers of the circles, as shown in Fig. 1. A family of hyperb ...
Holography
... plane parallel to the hologram, Fourier holograms are generated. This geometric condition can only be satisfied for plane objects. In a Fourier hologram the interference fringes appear as a set of hyperbolas whilst especially in in-line holograms circular sets in the form of Fresnel zone lenses appe ...
... plane parallel to the hologram, Fourier holograms are generated. This geometric condition can only be satisfied for plane objects. In a Fourier hologram the interference fringes appear as a set of hyperbolas whilst especially in in-line holograms circular sets in the form of Fresnel zone lenses appe ...
Non-thermal laser-induced desorption of metal atoms with bimodal
... determine the average size and shape of the metal particles. As a result, the mean radii turned out to range from several up to 50 nm, the axial ratio of the three-dimensional oblate particles decreased with size from 0.5 to 0.2. As mentioned above, Na adsorbed on quartz served as model system for t ...
... determine the average size and shape of the metal particles. As a result, the mean radii turned out to range from several up to 50 nm, the axial ratio of the three-dimensional oblate particles decreased with size from 0.5 to 0.2. As mentioned above, Na adsorbed on quartz served as model system for t ...
Anti-reflective coating
An antireflective or anti-reflection (AR) coating is a type of optical coating applied to the surface of lenses and other optical elements to reduce reflection. In typical imaging systems, this improves the efficiency since less light is lost. In complex systems such as a telescope, the reduction in reflections also improves the contrast of the image by elimination of stray light. This is especially important in planetary astronomy. In other applications, the primary benefit is the elimination of the reflection itself, such as a coating on eyeglass lenses that makes the eyes of the wearer more visible to others, or a coating to reduce the glint from a covert viewer's binoculars or telescopic sight.Many coatings consist of transparent thin film structures with alternating layers of contrasting refractive index. Layer thicknesses are chosen to produce destructive interference in the beams reflected from the interfaces, and constructive interference in the corresponding transmitted beams. This makes the structure's performance change with wavelength and incident angle, so that color effects often appear at oblique angles. A wavelength range must be specified when designing or ordering such coatings, but good performance can often be achieved for a relatively wide range of frequencies: usually a choice of IR, visible, or UV is offered.