Replication of Holograms with Corn Syrup by Rubbing
... constructing holographic devices in the biophotonics field without the toxins present in photosensitive salts or dyes. Some copyrighted works have suggested a route for the replication of micro reliefs for the pharmaceutical industry and food, as described in [5,6]. This work, in addition to an inte ...
... constructing holographic devices in the biophotonics field without the toxins present in photosensitive salts or dyes. Some copyrighted works have suggested a route for the replication of micro reliefs for the pharmaceutical industry and food, as described in [5,6]. This work, in addition to an inte ...
Light scattering at small angles by atmospheric irregular particles
... (liquid) and 1 µm (solid). Within an OPC, it is also possible to place detectors at several angles at the same time (Eidhammer et al., 2008), enabling cross-comparison: depending on the angle, the scattered flux is more or less sensitive to either the nature or size of the particulate. At low scatte ...
... (liquid) and 1 µm (solid). Within an OPC, it is also possible to place detectors at several angles at the same time (Eidhammer et al., 2008), enabling cross-comparison: depending on the angle, the scattered flux is more or less sensitive to either the nature or size of the particulate. At low scatte ...
Phononic Crystal Waveguiding in GaAs Golnaz Azodi Aval
... obtained in a very compact package. Nowadays, SAW devices are of extensive use in electronics and communication mobile technologies [9]. The physical phenomenon on which the SAW devices is based is piezoelectricity. In other words, certain materials produce an electric field when mechanically strain ...
... obtained in a very compact package. Nowadays, SAW devices are of extensive use in electronics and communication mobile technologies [9]. The physical phenomenon on which the SAW devices is based is piezoelectricity. In other words, certain materials produce an electric field when mechanically strain ...
Basic Principles and Applications of Holography
... from these surfaces (mirrors) in a direction such that the reflected ray appears to come from point S′. Two such rays from S are shown in Figure 10-5, one up and to the left (labeled a), the other down and to the left (labeled b). The reflected rays are labeled a0, a1, a2, a–1, a–2, and b2 and b1, i ...
... from these surfaces (mirrors) in a direction such that the reflected ray appears to come from point S′. Two such rays from S are shown in Figure 10-5, one up and to the left (labeled a), the other down and to the left (labeled b). The reflected rays are labeled a0, a1, a2, a–1, a–2, and b2 and b1, i ...
Low threshold current and widely tunable external cavity lasers with
... In contrast, ECLs with quantum-dot (QD) gain media are well-suited for low-threshold and broad spectral tuning due to their unique features of larger inhomogeneous broadening as well as lower ground-state saturation gain [7–10]. For GaAs-based InAs QD ECLs, the earliest records were 150-nm tuning at ...
... In contrast, ECLs with quantum-dot (QD) gain media are well-suited for low-threshold and broad spectral tuning due to their unique features of larger inhomogeneous broadening as well as lower ground-state saturation gain [7–10]. For GaAs-based InAs QD ECLs, the earliest records were 150-nm tuning at ...
Optical Indicatrix
... Extraordinary rays or w rays have waves vibrating in a principal section, which is represented by an ellipsoid and thus the waves travel different distances in the same time depending on the orientation of the incident beam. They are called extraordinary rays because the ray path and the wave normal ...
... Extraordinary rays or w rays have waves vibrating in a principal section, which is represented by an ellipsoid and thus the waves travel different distances in the same time depending on the orientation of the incident beam. They are called extraordinary rays because the ray path and the wave normal ...
Optimized back-focal-plane interferometry directly measures forces
... However, using the deflection of the trapping beam to measure the motion of the sample connected the measurements of positions and of momenta. The deflection of the light cone used by Ghislain and Webb naturally contains information on the change in the momentum of the photons, as S. Smith et al. [ ...
... However, using the deflection of the trapping beam to measure the motion of the sample connected the measurements of positions and of momenta. The deflection of the light cone used by Ghislain and Webb naturally contains information on the change in the momentum of the photons, as S. Smith et al. [ ...
Wormald Coupland On measuring 3D flow within inkjet droplet
... developed for use in homogenous fluids or for operation through planar windows but in some cases can be modified for use through windows of known form. For example, corrective optics have been used in PIV measurements made through the glass cylinder of an optical engine [9] and phase conjugation and ...
... developed for use in homogenous fluids or for operation through planar windows but in some cases can be modified for use through windows of known form. For example, corrective optics have been used in PIV measurements made through the glass cylinder of an optical engine [9] and phase conjugation and ...
Light Field Editing Based on Reparameterization
... kd-tree in the affinity space, which allows them handling large datasets. However, they scale poorly with the number of dimensions. Other methods propose to increase the efficiency and generality of the propagation by posing as different energy minimization systems: Li et al. [11] reformulate the propaga ...
... kd-tree in the affinity space, which allows them handling large datasets. However, they scale poorly with the number of dimensions. Other methods propose to increase the efficiency and generality of the propagation by posing as different energy minimization systems: Li et al. [11] reformulate the propaga ...
A reconfigurable plasmofluidic lens ARTICLE Chenglong Zhao *, Yongmin Liu
... forms a smooth dielectric interface. This natural dielectric continuously modulates the effective index of SPPs, which may help to reduce scattering loss compared with that of SPP propagation through conventional plasmonic elements fabricated with abrupt discontinuities. In this work, laser-induced ...
... forms a smooth dielectric interface. This natural dielectric continuously modulates the effective index of SPPs, which may help to reduce scattering loss compared with that of SPP propagation through conventional plasmonic elements fabricated with abrupt discontinuities. In this work, laser-induced ...
Using Molecular-Beam Epitaxy to Fabricate Quantum
... recent development of thin-film semiconductor crystal-growth techniques such as molecularbeam epitaxy (MBE). MBE is an ultrahigh-vacuum epitaxial-growth technology. In MBE, molecular beams ofspecific materials impinge upon an appropriately prepared wafer placed in an ultrahigh-vacuum environment. Th ...
... recent development of thin-film semiconductor crystal-growth techniques such as molecularbeam epitaxy (MBE). MBE is an ultrahigh-vacuum epitaxial-growth technology. In MBE, molecular beams ofspecific materials impinge upon an appropriately prepared wafer placed in an ultrahigh-vacuum environment. Th ...
Weakly Guiding Fibers
... Recently, glass fibers have been produced that permit the transmission of optical signals over several kilometers.' In general, these fibers support many modes, which propagate at different velocities.2 Since this causes signal distortion over long distances, fibers that transmit only a limited numb ...
... Recently, glass fibers have been produced that permit the transmission of optical signals over several kilometers.' In general, these fibers support many modes, which propagate at different velocities.2 Since this causes signal distortion over long distances, fibers that transmit only a limited numb ...
Practical uses of femtosecond laser micro
... density is obtained beyond the aforementioned wavelength dependence, thus increasing the absorption coefficient in the three cases. It is easier to produce a dense electron plasma and the ablation threshold is therefore lower. In both materials, the femtosecond ablation is more energetically efficie ...
... density is obtained beyond the aforementioned wavelength dependence, thus increasing the absorption coefficient in the three cases. It is easier to produce a dense electron plasma and the ablation threshold is therefore lower. In both materials, the femtosecond ablation is more energetically efficie ...
The Snell law for quaternionic potentials
... Analogies between quantum mechanics1, 2 and optics3, 4 are well known. The possibility to propose optical experiments to study the fascinating behavior of quantum mechanical system is a subject of great interest in literature.5, 6 The recent progress7–16 in looking for quantitative and qualitative d ...
... Analogies between quantum mechanics1, 2 and optics3, 4 are well known. The possibility to propose optical experiments to study the fascinating behavior of quantum mechanical system is a subject of great interest in literature.5, 6 The recent progress7–16 in looking for quantitative and qualitative d ...
Measurement of spectacle lenses: A review
... cylindrical and prismatic power in ophthalmic lenses, as shown in Fig. 9 is used to test single vision lenses. Humphrey [9,10] modified the focimeter to use it with non-parallel light and later used it to measure progressive power lenses, by adding a computer indicated lens movement protocol (see Fi ...
... cylindrical and prismatic power in ophthalmic lenses, as shown in Fig. 9 is used to test single vision lenses. Humphrey [9,10] modified the focimeter to use it with non-parallel light and later used it to measure progressive power lenses, by adding a computer indicated lens movement protocol (see Fi ...
Volume determination of the Avogadro spheres of
... With this technique 10000 diameter values, only depending on the camera resolution chosen, within a 60◦ section of the surface can be obtained. To cover the whole sphere with diameter values and to lift it out of the beam path for measuring the length of the empty etalon an elevation and positioning ...
... With this technique 10000 diameter values, only depending on the camera resolution chosen, within a 60◦ section of the surface can be obtained. To cover the whole sphere with diameter values and to lift it out of the beam path for measuring the length of the empty etalon an elevation and positioning ...
The optics and performance of dual-focus fluorescence correlation
... an invariable length scale in the measurement: FCS probes the diffusion of molecules out of the detection volume of a confocal microscope, and any change of that detection volume will result in a change of the measured autocorrelation curve (ACF) and thus extracted value of a diffusion coefficient. ...
... an invariable length scale in the measurement: FCS probes the diffusion of molecules out of the detection volume of a confocal microscope, and any change of that detection volume will result in a change of the measured autocorrelation curve (ACF) and thus extracted value of a diffusion coefficient. ...
Nonlinear effects in Silicon Waveguides
... mitted intensity but not in spectral shape and position. The spectral full width at half m (FWHM) is identical to pulses measured without sample. Hence, the applied f the two low-power spectra belong to the regime where the waveguide is responding linear. However, by increasing the peak power to P ...
... mitted intensity but not in spectral shape and position. The spectral full width at half m (FWHM) is identical to pulses measured without sample. Hence, the applied f the two low-power spectra belong to the regime where the waveguide is responding linear. However, by increasing the peak power to P ...
Phase Mismatch–Free Nonlinear Propagation in Optical Zero
... metamaterials are widely used negative-index materials at optical frequencies because of their low loss, well-understood linear properties, and robust fabricability. Our fishnet metamaterial consists of 20 alternating 30-nm gold and 50-nm magnesium fluoride layers on a 50-nm-thick silicon nitride me ...
... metamaterials are widely used negative-index materials at optical frequencies because of their low loss, well-understood linear properties, and robust fabricability. Our fishnet metamaterial consists of 20 alternating 30-nm gold and 50-nm magnesium fluoride layers on a 50-nm-thick silicon nitride me ...
Liquid-crystal photonic applications
... The liquid crystalline phase can be formed by different types of organic molecules. Anisotropy in either shape or solubility of the molecules is required. A balanced interaction between the molecules is the key to obtain a liquid crystalline behavior. In thermotropic liquid crystals, this interactio ...
... The liquid crystalline phase can be formed by different types of organic molecules. Anisotropy in either shape or solubility of the molecules is required. A balanced interaction between the molecules is the key to obtain a liquid crystalline behavior. In thermotropic liquid crystals, this interactio ...
Anti-reflective coating
An antireflective or anti-reflection (AR) coating is a type of optical coating applied to the surface of lenses and other optical elements to reduce reflection. In typical imaging systems, this improves the efficiency since less light is lost. In complex systems such as a telescope, the reduction in reflections also improves the contrast of the image by elimination of stray light. This is especially important in planetary astronomy. In other applications, the primary benefit is the elimination of the reflection itself, such as a coating on eyeglass lenses that makes the eyes of the wearer more visible to others, or a coating to reduce the glint from a covert viewer's binoculars or telescopic sight.Many coatings consist of transparent thin film structures with alternating layers of contrasting refractive index. Layer thicknesses are chosen to produce destructive interference in the beams reflected from the interfaces, and constructive interference in the corresponding transmitted beams. This makes the structure's performance change with wavelength and incident angle, so that color effects often appear at oblique angles. A wavelength range must be specified when designing or ordering such coatings, but good performance can often be achieved for a relatively wide range of frequencies: usually a choice of IR, visible, or UV is offered.