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... guidance by the defect (c) and normal diffraction without the lattice (b) under the same bias condition. ...
... guidance by the defect (c) and normal diffraction without the lattice (b) under the same bias condition. ...
Using Complementary Acoustic and Optical Techniques for
... oxide (SiO2), titanium oxide (TiO2), tantalum oxide (Ta2O5) or mixed SiO2/TiO2 [23]. The waveguiding layer can be further surface-modified e.g., by reactive magnetron sputter deposition of a nanometer-thin layer, thus allowing for the study of (bio)molecular interaction with specific substrate chemi ...
... oxide (SiO2), titanium oxide (TiO2), tantalum oxide (Ta2O5) or mixed SiO2/TiO2 [23]. The waveguiding layer can be further surface-modified e.g., by reactive magnetron sputter deposition of a nanometer-thin layer, thus allowing for the study of (bio)molecular interaction with specific substrate chemi ...
13 - Atomic Physics
... used to excite more sample materials. With just the wavelength region around 800 nm available, only sample materials which absorb in that particular region can be excited. If the laser is efficiently frequency doubled or tripled, it can be used to excite samples at shorter wavelengths. This opens up ...
... used to excite more sample materials. With just the wavelength region around 800 nm available, only sample materials which absorb in that particular region can be excited. If the laser is efficiently frequency doubled or tripled, it can be used to excite samples at shorter wavelengths. This opens up ...
Confocal microscopy with a volume holographic filter
... in-focus point-source objects are imaged exactly inside the pinhole and give maximal intensity. An out-offocus object, even when it is on axis, is equivalent to an extended source on the input focal plane. The off-axis portion of this extended source is filtered out by the limited aperture of the pi ...
... in-focus point-source objects are imaged exactly inside the pinhole and give maximal intensity. An out-offocus object, even when it is on axis, is equivalent to an extended source on the input focal plane. The off-axis portion of this extended source is filtered out by the limited aperture of the pi ...
Lecture Notes
... engineering fields. In this chapter we explain diffraction using the wave nature of light and discuss several applications of diffraction in science and technology. ...
... engineering fields. In this chapter we explain diffraction using the wave nature of light and discuss several applications of diffraction in science and technology. ...
Bismuth-doped optical fibers: a challenging active medium
... and Bi ions emit visible luminescence and no near-IR luminescence.9–12 . The results of many experiments clearly demonstrate that near-IR luminescence is observed because of the reduction of Bi31 ions to a lower oxidation state. Excessive reduction results in the formation of Bi clusters and colloid ...
... and Bi ions emit visible luminescence and no near-IR luminescence.9–12 . The results of many experiments clearly demonstrate that near-IR luminescence is observed because of the reduction of Bi31 ions to a lower oxidation state. Excessive reduction results in the formation of Bi clusters and colloid ...
Pupil Mapping in 2-D for High-Contrast Imaging
... that the image of a star will be highly concentrated with minimal sidelobes. The goal is to reduce the sidelobes to less than 10−10 within a very few diffraction widths from the central star. This permits us to separate starlight from planet-light. For perspective, sidelobes less than 10−10 are roug ...
... that the image of a star will be highly concentrated with minimal sidelobes. The goal is to reduce the sidelobes to less than 10−10 within a very few diffraction widths from the central star. This permits us to separate starlight from planet-light. For perspective, sidelobes less than 10−10 are roug ...
A new approach for retrieving the UV–vis optical properties of
... aerosols size (Valenzuela et al., 2015), composition (Russell et al., 2010), and source (Garg et al., 2016). This monotonic increase in extinction (scattering and absorption) with increasing particle size or with decreasing wavelength is observed for particles with radii smaller than the incident wa ...
... aerosols size (Valenzuela et al., 2015), composition (Russell et al., 2010), and source (Garg et al., 2016). This monotonic increase in extinction (scattering and absorption) with increasing particle size or with decreasing wavelength is observed for particles with radii smaller than the incident wa ...
PowerPoint 簡報
... The FE-CDMA is similar to the DS-CDMA, but the coding is done in the frequency domain while in the DS-CDMA, the code multiplies the modulation signal in the time domain. Different wavelength represents different element in the codeword, and the presence of wavelength means “1” while the absence ...
... The FE-CDMA is similar to the DS-CDMA, but the coding is done in the frequency domain while in the DS-CDMA, the code multiplies the modulation signal in the time domain. Different wavelength represents different element in the codeword, and the presence of wavelength means “1” while the absence ...
Helium Neon Laser - Abbe School of Photonics
... slit (Fig. 8). Due to the difference in phase the waves from different slits mainly cancel one ...
... slit (Fig. 8). Due to the difference in phase the waves from different slits mainly cancel one ...
INTRODUCTORY OPTICS SYSTEM
... Most quantitative ray optics experiments are most easily performed using a single ray. This can be obtained by using the Slit Mask, as shown in Figure 11, to block all but the desired ray. ...
... Most quantitative ray optics experiments are most easily performed using a single ray. This can be obtained by using the Slit Mask, as shown in Figure 11, to block all but the desired ray. ...
Optics and Photonics H. A. Haus
... such as squares, triangles, octagons etc. The nulls of the electric field of the resonant mode occur at the corners of these polygons. We have used such resonators as building blocks in most of our filter and waveguide component-designs. The advantage of using resonant cavities in CDFs is, among oth ...
... such as squares, triangles, octagons etc. The nulls of the electric field of the resonant mode occur at the corners of these polygons. We have used such resonators as building blocks in most of our filter and waveguide component-designs. The advantage of using resonant cavities in CDFs is, among oth ...
Manual - Brown University Wiki
... period of one year from the date of shipment to the customer. PASCO will repair or replace, at its option, any part of the product which is deemed to be defective in material or workmanship. This warranty does not cover damage to the product caused by abuse or improper use. Determination of whether ...
... period of one year from the date of shipment to the customer. PASCO will repair or replace, at its option, any part of the product which is deemed to be defective in material or workmanship. This warranty does not cover damage to the product caused by abuse or improper use. Determination of whether ...
Propagation of EM Waves in material media
... we Fourier transform everything), the equations simplify: ...
... we Fourier transform everything), the equations simplify: ...
Sample Chapter
... region is the light guiding region known as the core. It is surrounded by a coaxial middle region known as the cladding. The outermost region is called the sheath. The refractive index of cladding is always lower than that of the core. The purpose of cladding is to make the light to be confined to t ...
... region is the light guiding region known as the core. It is surrounded by a coaxial middle region known as the cladding. The outermost region is called the sheath. The refractive index of cladding is always lower than that of the core. The purpose of cladding is to make the light to be confined to t ...
Fast-Response Liquid Crystal Microlens
... the effective refractive index expressed by Equation (1). If the LC molecules, located at different positions, could be controlled to have various reorientation angles, then the light will experience various refractive indices accordingly, as shown in Figure 1d. Here, the light incident on the cente ...
... the effective refractive index expressed by Equation (1). If the LC molecules, located at different positions, could be controlled to have various reorientation angles, then the light will experience various refractive indices accordingly, as shown in Figure 1d. Here, the light incident on the cente ...
Second Harmonic Generation Technique and its Applications
... medium. No reflected beams are shown. ...
... medium. No reflected beams are shown. ...
On the theory of light scattering in gases
... N 1019 ± 1018 cm 3 (the upper terrestrial atmosphere) the average distance between the molecules is R 10 6 cm. Therefore, a volume smaller than l3 contains very many molecules, viz. 106 . From here Mandelstam concluded that the light scattering by the particles which make up the medium is res ...
... N 1019 ± 1018 cm 3 (the upper terrestrial atmosphere) the average distance between the molecules is R 10 6 cm. Therefore, a volume smaller than l3 contains very many molecules, viz. 106 . From here Mandelstam concluded that the light scattering by the particles which make up the medium is res ...
Lens Aberrations
... Habit: As well-formed, elongate, trigonal prisms, with smaller, second order prism faces on the corners. Prism faces are often striated parallel to direction of elongation (c-axis). The rounded triangular cross-sectional shape of tourmaline crystals is diagnostic; no other gem mineral has such a sha ...
... Habit: As well-formed, elongate, trigonal prisms, with smaller, second order prism faces on the corners. Prism faces are often striated parallel to direction of elongation (c-axis). The rounded triangular cross-sectional shape of tourmaline crystals is diagnostic; no other gem mineral has such a sha ...
TECHNICAL GUIDE
... EXTERNAL REFLECTION AT A DIELECTRIC BOUNDARY Fresnel’s laws of reflection precisely describe amplitude and phase relationships between reflected and incident light at a boundary between two dielectric media. It is convenient to think of the incident radiation as the superposition of two plane-polari ...
... EXTERNAL REFLECTION AT A DIELECTRIC BOUNDARY Fresnel’s laws of reflection precisely describe amplitude and phase relationships between reflected and incident light at a boundary between two dielectric media. It is convenient to think of the incident radiation as the superposition of two plane-polari ...
Anti-reflective coating
An antireflective or anti-reflection (AR) coating is a type of optical coating applied to the surface of lenses and other optical elements to reduce reflection. In typical imaging systems, this improves the efficiency since less light is lost. In complex systems such as a telescope, the reduction in reflections also improves the contrast of the image by elimination of stray light. This is especially important in planetary astronomy. In other applications, the primary benefit is the elimination of the reflection itself, such as a coating on eyeglass lenses that makes the eyes of the wearer more visible to others, or a coating to reduce the glint from a covert viewer's binoculars or telescopic sight.Many coatings consist of transparent thin film structures with alternating layers of contrasting refractive index. Layer thicknesses are chosen to produce destructive interference in the beams reflected from the interfaces, and constructive interference in the corresponding transmitted beams. This makes the structure's performance change with wavelength and incident angle, so that color effects often appear at oblique angles. A wavelength range must be specified when designing or ordering such coatings, but good performance can often be achieved for a relatively wide range of frequencies: usually a choice of IR, visible, or UV is offered.