Trifluoroacetic Acid - Halocarbon Products Corporation
... as polyethylene, polypropylene, PTFE, PCTFE and others, but it reacts with oxygen-containing plastics. Typically, TFA is shipped in polyethylene carboys, lined drums or larger stainless steel containers. CORROSION by TFA at 71◦C (30-day test) ...
... as polyethylene, polypropylene, PTFE, PCTFE and others, but it reacts with oxygen-containing plastics. Typically, TFA is shipped in polyethylene carboys, lined drums or larger stainless steel containers. CORROSION by TFA at 71◦C (30-day test) ...
Organic Chemistry II Introduction
... ArOH is more acidic than ROH Soluble in dilute NaOH Anion is resonance stabilized EWG make phenols more acidic than phenol EDG make phenols less acidic than phenol O ...
... ArOH is more acidic than ROH Soluble in dilute NaOH Anion is resonance stabilized EWG make phenols more acidic than phenol EDG make phenols less acidic than phenol O ...
The Natural Standard (09/01/10)
... Description: The process of converting carbohydrates into alcohol and carbon dioxide or organic acids. Glucosidation of Fatty Alcohol and Glucose Reagents: None Catalysts: Toluene Sulfonic Acid Agricultural Inputs: Glucose and Fatty Alcohol Description: The process of attaching glucose to an alcohol ...
... Description: The process of converting carbohydrates into alcohol and carbon dioxide or organic acids. Glucosidation of Fatty Alcohol and Glucose Reagents: None Catalysts: Toluene Sulfonic Acid Agricultural Inputs: Glucose and Fatty Alcohol Description: The process of attaching glucose to an alcohol ...
chapter 12_13_14_16_17 Organic Nomenclature
... Find the longest continuous chain of carbons! ► STEP 2: Number the carbon atoms in the main chain. Begin at the end nearer the first branch point ► STEP 3: Identify the branching substituents, and number each according to its point of attachment to the main chain ► STEP 4:Write the name as a single ...
... Find the longest continuous chain of carbons! ► STEP 2: Number the carbon atoms in the main chain. Begin at the end nearer the first branch point ► STEP 3: Identify the branching substituents, and number each according to its point of attachment to the main chain ► STEP 4:Write the name as a single ...
Naming organic compounds
... The longest unbranched chain containing the functional group is the parent molecule or simply the longest unbranched chain for alkanes. Remember that the longest chain can go round a bend. Indicate the position of the functional group with a number, numbering from the end nearest the functional grou ...
... The longest unbranched chain containing the functional group is the parent molecule or simply the longest unbranched chain for alkanes. Remember that the longest chain can go round a bend. Indicate the position of the functional group with a number, numbering from the end nearest the functional grou ...
Lipids lecture(1) by Prof.Dr.Moaed Al
... Fatty acids, are included in the group of derived lipids. It is the most common component of lipids in the body. They are generally found in ester linkage in different classes of lipids. In the human body free fatty acids are formed only during metabolism. Fatty acids are aliphatic carboxylic acids ...
... Fatty acids, are included in the group of derived lipids. It is the most common component of lipids in the body. They are generally found in ester linkage in different classes of lipids. In the human body free fatty acids are formed only during metabolism. Fatty acids are aliphatic carboxylic acids ...
Alcohols, phenols and ethers
... • 1o and 2o alcohols are oxidized by mild oxidizing agents. 3o alcohols and phenols do not undergo oxidation in these conditions. • Alcohols and phenols can undergo halogenation where the OH group is replaced by a halogen. ...
... • 1o and 2o alcohols are oxidized by mild oxidizing agents. 3o alcohols and phenols do not undergo oxidation in these conditions. • Alcohols and phenols can undergo halogenation where the OH group is replaced by a halogen. ...
Alcohols, Ethers,and Thiols by Dr.Alaa J. Mahrath
... Cyclic Ethers : An ether in which the ether oxygen is one of the atoms of a ring. These ethers arealso known by their common names. Ethylene oxide is an important building block for the organic chemical industry. Ethylene oxide is a colorless, flammable gas with a boiling point of 11°C. ethylene oxi ...
... Cyclic Ethers : An ether in which the ether oxygen is one of the atoms of a ring. These ethers arealso known by their common names. Ethylene oxide is an important building block for the organic chemical industry. Ethylene oxide is a colorless, flammable gas with a boiling point of 11°C. ethylene oxi ...
Mild Reduction of Carboxylic Acids to Alcohols
... © 1999ElsevierScienceLtd. All rightsreserved. Keywords: Reduction, Carboxylic acids, Alcohols, Amino acids. ...
... © 1999ElsevierScienceLtd. All rightsreserved. Keywords: Reduction, Carboxylic acids, Alcohols, Amino acids. ...
Electophilic Aromatic Substituion
... • Sulfonic acids are useful as intermediates • Heating with NaOH at 300 ºC followed by neutralization with acid replaces the SO3H group with an OH • Example is the synthesis of p-cresol ...
... • Sulfonic acids are useful as intermediates • Heating with NaOH at 300 ºC followed by neutralization with acid replaces the SO3H group with an OH • Example is the synthesis of p-cresol ...
INTRODUCING PHENOL
... they are burnt in air. The high proportion of carbon in phenol means that you need a very high proportion of oxygen to phenol to get complete combustion. Look at the equation. As a general rule, the hydrogen in a molecule tends to get what oxygen is available first, leaving the carbon to form carbon ...
... they are burnt in air. The high proportion of carbon in phenol means that you need a very high proportion of oxygen to phenol to get complete combustion. Look at the equation. As a general rule, the hydrogen in a molecule tends to get what oxygen is available first, leaving the carbon to form carbon ...
Weekly Review Lecture
... g. Addition of two equivalents of organolithium reagent 7) Reactions of esters a. Transesterification b. Acid-catalyzed hydrolysis (not as effective as base catalyzed) c. Base-catalyzed hydrolysis (saponification) d. Dry acid hydrolysis of tert-butyl esters e. LAH reduction to make primary alcohol f ...
... g. Addition of two equivalents of organolithium reagent 7) Reactions of esters a. Transesterification b. Acid-catalyzed hydrolysis (not as effective as base catalyzed) c. Base-catalyzed hydrolysis (saponification) d. Dry acid hydrolysis of tert-butyl esters e. LAH reduction to make primary alcohol f ...
chapter twenty-two organic and biological molecules
... When the two strands of a DNA molecule are compared, it is found that a given base in one strand is always found paired with a particular base in the other strand. Because of the shapes and side atoms along the rings of the nitrogen bases, only certain pairs are able to approach and hydrogen bond wi ...
... When the two strands of a DNA molecule are compared, it is found that a given base in one strand is always found paired with a particular base in the other strand. Because of the shapes and side atoms along the rings of the nitrogen bases, only certain pairs are able to approach and hydrogen bond wi ...
A. Acid Halides
... Acid chlorides can be prepared from carboxylic acids and thionyl chloride. Less frequently, PCl3 or PCl5 are used. ...
... Acid chlorides can be prepared from carboxylic acids and thionyl chloride. Less frequently, PCl3 or PCl5 are used. ...
Organic Chemistry - Napa Valley College
... undamentally, organic chemistry is the study of carbon compounds. These compounds are made out of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen with the occasional addition of nitrogen, chlorine, bromine, phosphorus and sulfur. Even though organic compounds only use eight of the more than one hundred elements found ...
... undamentally, organic chemistry is the study of carbon compounds. These compounds are made out of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen with the occasional addition of nitrogen, chlorine, bromine, phosphorus and sulfur. Even though organic compounds only use eight of the more than one hundred elements found ...
CARBONYL COMPOUNDS - Aldehydes and Ketones C=O C C C
... C2H5COCH2CH3(l) + 3 [O] ——> C2H5COOH(l) + ...
... C2H5COCH2CH3(l) + 3 [O] ——> C2H5COOH(l) + ...
Computational Docking Experiments to Find a Ligand that Will Bind
... kcal/mol and is positioned significantly different than the original ligand (Fig. 4D). However, the Carboxylic Acid #8 (derivative) has a significantly higher affinity value (-6.7 kcal/mol) than the allopurinol and is positioned just slightly different from the original ligand. This suggests that Ca ...
... kcal/mol and is positioned significantly different than the original ligand (Fig. 4D). However, the Carboxylic Acid #8 (derivative) has a significantly higher affinity value (-6.7 kcal/mol) than the allopurinol and is positioned just slightly different from the original ligand. This suggests that Ca ...
chapter27
... Alcohols and Phenols • The stem for the parent hydrocarbon plus an -ol suffix is the systematic name for an alcohol. • A numeric prefix indicates the position of the -OH group in alcohols with three or more C atoms. • Common names are the name of the appropriate alkyl group plus alcohol. ...
... Alcohols and Phenols • The stem for the parent hydrocarbon plus an -ol suffix is the systematic name for an alcohol. • A numeric prefix indicates the position of the -OH group in alcohols with three or more C atoms. • Common names are the name of the appropriate alkyl group plus alcohol. ...
Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acids 1. Parent alkane + the suffix
... Aldehydes (but not ketones) are oxidized by Ag2O in aqueous ammonia to give the carboxylic acid and metallic silver: the "silver mirror" (Tollens test). ...
... Aldehydes (but not ketones) are oxidized by Ag2O in aqueous ammonia to give the carboxylic acid and metallic silver: the "silver mirror" (Tollens test). ...
Chapter 18 Carboxylic Acids
... fat stains are mixed in water, the nonpolar hydrocarbon inner parts of the soap micelles “dissolve” the nonpolar ...
... fat stains are mixed in water, the nonpolar hydrocarbon inner parts of the soap micelles “dissolve” the nonpolar ...
Course Specification Organic Chemistry
... Alkenes, nomenclatures, synthesis and reactions alkynes, nomenclatures, synthesis and reactions Inductive and mesomeric effect Time variable effect and hyperconjugation Organic acids and bases Total hours ...
... Alkenes, nomenclatures, synthesis and reactions alkynes, nomenclatures, synthesis and reactions Inductive and mesomeric effect Time variable effect and hyperconjugation Organic acids and bases Total hours ...
Carboxylic Acids Theory Sheet
... Carboxylic acids are compounds with the formula of that illustrated in Figure 1 and the general formula R-COOH where R is part of a larger organic molecule e.g.CH3, C2H5, C6H5. To name carboxylic acids you must look at the alkyl chain, take its prefix and add “oic acid” to it. CH3CH2COOH is PROPANOI ...
... Carboxylic acids are compounds with the formula of that illustrated in Figure 1 and the general formula R-COOH where R is part of a larger organic molecule e.g.CH3, C2H5, C6H5. To name carboxylic acids you must look at the alkyl chain, take its prefix and add “oic acid” to it. CH3CH2COOH is PROPANOI ...
COOH HOOC COOH HOOC
... Major acid in wine, its potassium salt forms crystals of “wine diamonds”. 22. How many chiral centres are there in the molecule of tartaric acid? How many enantiomers of tartaric acid exist? ...
... Major acid in wine, its potassium salt forms crystals of “wine diamonds”. 22. How many chiral centres are there in the molecule of tartaric acid? How many enantiomers of tartaric acid exist? ...
Organic Compounds containing Oxygen
... In another system, a cyclic three membered ether is named as oxirane and a four membered ether is called oxetane. ...
... In another system, a cyclic three membered ether is named as oxirane and a four membered ether is called oxetane. ...
Phenols
In organic chemistry, phenols, sometimes called phenolics, are a class of chemical compounds consisting of a hydroxyl group (—OH) bonded directly to an aromatic hydrocarbon group. The simplest of the class is phenol, which is also called carbolic acid C6H5OH. Phenolic compounds are classified as simple phenols or polyphenols based on the number of phenol units in the molecule.Synonyms are arenols or aryl alcohols.Phenolic compounds are synthesized industrially; they also are produced by plants and microorganisms, with variation between and within species.Although similar to alcohols, phenols have unique properties and are not classified as alcohols (since the hydroxyl group is not bonded to a saturated carbon atom). They have higher acidities due to the aromatic ring's tight coupling with the oxygen and a relatively loose bond between the oxygen and hydrogen. The acidity of the hydroxyl group in phenols is commonly intermediate between that of aliphatic alcohols and carboxylic acids (their pKa is usually between 10 and 12).Loss of a positive hydrogen ion (H+) from the hydroxyl group of a phenol forms a corresponding negative phenolate ion or phenoxide ion, and the corresponding salts are called phenolates or phenoxides, although the term aryloxides is preferred according to the IUPAC Gold Book. Phenols can have two or more hydroxy groups bonded to the aromatic ring(s) in the same molecule. The simplest examples are the three benzenediols, each having two hydroxy groups on a benzene ring.Organisms that synthesize phenolic compounds do so in response to ecological pressures such as pathogen and insect attack, UV radiation and wounding. As they are present in food consumed in human diets and in plants used in traditional medicine of several cultures, their role in human health and disease is a subject of research.ref name=Klepacka Some phenols are germicidal and are used in formulating disinfectants. Others possess estrogenic or endocrine disrupting activity.