Different representations of pleasant and unpleasant odours in the
... period, the odour was rated using a button box for both pleasantness and intensity, using a visual rating scale from 2 (very pleasant/very strong) to 2 (very unpleasant/very weak). fMRI data acquisition Images were acquired with a 3.0-T VARIAN/SIEMENS whole-body scanner at FMRIB, Oxford. Local brai ...
... period, the odour was rated using a button box for both pleasantness and intensity, using a visual rating scale from 2 (very pleasant/very strong) to 2 (very unpleasant/very weak). fMRI data acquisition Images were acquired with a 3.0-T VARIAN/SIEMENS whole-body scanner at FMRIB, Oxford. Local brai ...
Conduction Velocity and Patellar Reflex Blah A. Blah Partner B
... will increase compared to baseline as a result of mental distraction. In this case, our hypothesis was not supported, as we see a decrease in conduction velocity when compared to baseline. This might have resulted because the participant was not actually reading the material that was provided to the ...
... will increase compared to baseline as a result of mental distraction. In this case, our hypothesis was not supported, as we see a decrease in conduction velocity when compared to baseline. This might have resulted because the participant was not actually reading the material that was provided to the ...
Conduction Velocity and Patellar Reflex Blah A. Blah Parter 1
... will increase compared to baseline as a result of mental distraction. In this case, our hypothesis was not supported, as we see a decrease in conduction velocity when compared to baseline. This might have resulted because the participant was not actually reading the material that was provided to the ...
... will increase compared to baseline as a result of mental distraction. In this case, our hypothesis was not supported, as we see a decrease in conduction velocity when compared to baseline. This might have resulted because the participant was not actually reading the material that was provided to the ...
Basal Forebrain Projections to Somatosensory Cortex in
... in 1963, the synaptic organization of cat visual cortex can be readily modified by sensory experience during the first 3 mo of postnatal development. For example, temporary closure of one eyelid in kittens renders most neurons in striate cortex unresponsive to stimulation of the deprived eye (Hubel ...
... in 1963, the synaptic organization of cat visual cortex can be readily modified by sensory experience during the first 3 mo of postnatal development. For example, temporary closure of one eyelid in kittens renders most neurons in striate cortex unresponsive to stimulation of the deprived eye (Hubel ...
connections of the cerebral cortex
... broadens. Its caudal end is half way through a series of transverse sections of the cerebrum. Those investigators who have identified functional cortical areas exclusively on the basis of cell studies might have made their analogies better if they had given more attention to connections. The extent ...
... broadens. Its caudal end is half way through a series of transverse sections of the cerebrum. Those investigators who have identified functional cortical areas exclusively on the basis of cell studies might have made their analogies better if they had given more attention to connections. The extent ...
Expectation of reward modulates cognitive signals in the basal ganglia
... make synaptic contacts19,20. Dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra show responses to sensory stimuli that predict the upcoming reward21,22. Thus, a caudate neuron could receive spatial information through the corticostriatal inputs23 and rewardrelated information through the dopaminergic inpu ...
... make synaptic contacts19,20. Dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra show responses to sensory stimuli that predict the upcoming reward21,22. Thus, a caudate neuron could receive spatial information through the corticostriatal inputs23 and rewardrelated information through the dopaminergic inpu ...
Rules relating connections to cortical structure in primate prefrontal cortex H. Barbas
... because their structure also varies systematically in primates (for review see [16]). Within the conceptual framework of the structural model, feedforward projections in sensory areas always originate in areas with higher laminar de4nition in comparison with the site of termination, while the opposi ...
... because their structure also varies systematically in primates (for review see [16]). Within the conceptual framework of the structural model, feedforward projections in sensory areas always originate in areas with higher laminar de4nition in comparison with the site of termination, while the opposi ...
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... The cerebellum is located beneath the brain and overlies the dorsal aspect of the pons and medulla. It contains several functionally independent lobes covered by transversely oriented folia. The primary function of the cerebellum is to detect and correct errors in movement. Errors are detected by c ...
... The cerebellum is located beneath the brain and overlies the dorsal aspect of the pons and medulla. It contains several functionally independent lobes covered by transversely oriented folia. The primary function of the cerebellum is to detect and correct errors in movement. Errors are detected by c ...
The Effects of Short-term and Long-term Learning on the Responses
... various shapes with orienting either toward or away from a preferred spatial location of a neuron. The training could last for less than a single day or for several months. We found that neural responses to objects are affected by such experience, but that the length of the learning period determine ...
... various shapes with orienting either toward or away from a preferred spatial location of a neuron. The training could last for less than a single day or for several months. We found that neural responses to objects are affected by such experience, but that the length of the learning period determine ...
Attention induces synchronization-based response gain in steady
... For SSVEPs that were elicited by the 16.67-Hz grating, the contralateral contrast-response functions for the attended and ignored conditions showed that the effect of attention monotonically increased with increasing stimulus contrast, with attention having no effect at the lowest contrasts (Fig. 4b ...
... For SSVEPs that were elicited by the 16.67-Hz grating, the contralateral contrast-response functions for the attended and ignored conditions showed that the effect of attention monotonically increased with increasing stimulus contrast, with attention having no effect at the lowest contrasts (Fig. 4b ...
2/ the biological perspective - College Test bank
... neurons to respond vigorously for weeks after the stimulation. This phenomenon is called long-term potentiation (LTP), and appears to be involved in the learning and storing of new information. Neural networks – networks composed of thousands of neurons develop in response to experience and are th ...
... neurons to respond vigorously for weeks after the stimulation. This phenomenon is called long-term potentiation (LTP), and appears to be involved in the learning and storing of new information. Neural networks – networks composed of thousands of neurons develop in response to experience and are th ...
2/ the biological perspective - test bank and solution manual for your
... neurons to respond vigorously for weeks after the stimulation. This phenomenon is called long-term potentiation (LTP), and appears to be involved in the learning and storing of new information. Neural networks – networks composed of thousands of neurons develop in response to experience and are th ...
... neurons to respond vigorously for weeks after the stimulation. This phenomenon is called long-term potentiation (LTP), and appears to be involved in the learning and storing of new information. Neural networks – networks composed of thousands of neurons develop in response to experience and are th ...
cerebral and gastric histamine system is altered after portocaval shunt
... in response to feeding or injection of pentagastrin and insulin. Portocavally shunted rats are a suitable animal model of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) (5) and in our studies on neurochemical alterations in the CNS triggered by chronic liver dysfunction we have found that an enhanced histamine synthes ...
... in response to feeding or injection of pentagastrin and insulin. Portocavally shunted rats are a suitable animal model of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) (5) and in our studies on neurochemical alterations in the CNS triggered by chronic liver dysfunction we have found that an enhanced histamine synthes ...
THE CINGULATE CORTEX AND HUMAN MEMORY PROCESSES
... Published works about the functional role of the retrosplenial cingulate cortex are even less common than those of the posterior cingulate cortex. It is known that damage to this brain region causes serious anterograde amnesia (Kim et al., 2007; Oka et al., 2003). Other studies show that the retrosp ...
... Published works about the functional role of the retrosplenial cingulate cortex are even less common than those of the posterior cingulate cortex. It is known that damage to this brain region causes serious anterograde amnesia (Kim et al., 2007; Oka et al., 2003). Other studies show that the retrosp ...
Magnocellular and Parvocellular Contributions to
... particular response property in the cortex cannot be taken as conclusive evidence for input from 1 channel. Physiological approaches based on response latency (Maunsell and Schiller, 1984; Berson, 1985; Petersen et al., 1988) are similarly limited in that they can only provide conclusive evidence fo ...
... particular response property in the cortex cannot be taken as conclusive evidence for input from 1 channel. Physiological approaches based on response latency (Maunsell and Schiller, 1984; Berson, 1985; Petersen et al., 1988) are similarly limited in that they can only provide conclusive evidence fo ...
Dopamine Modulates the Function of Group II and Group III
... dendrites (Bjorklund and Lindvall, 1975; Cheramy et al., 1981; Rice et al., 1997). By its actions on D2 autoreceptors located on SNc DA-ergic neurons, somatodendritically released DA can modulate SNc cell firing and subsequent DA release in the striatum (Santiago and Westerink, 1991). Furthermore, i ...
... dendrites (Bjorklund and Lindvall, 1975; Cheramy et al., 1981; Rice et al., 1997). By its actions on D2 autoreceptors located on SNc DA-ergic neurons, somatodendritically released DA can modulate SNc cell firing and subsequent DA release in the striatum (Santiago and Westerink, 1991). Furthermore, i ...
Evolution of the Size and Functional Areas of the Human Brain
... more-localized (and presumably functionally specific) areas. ...
... more-localized (and presumably functionally specific) areas. ...
Neuroimaging and ADHD: fMRI, PET, DTI Findings, and
... 2005). A variety of brain regions have been implicated in the pathophysiology of ADHD including fronto-striatal, fronto-parietal, fronto-cerebellar, fronto-striato-parieto-cerebellar, and fronto-temporal circuitry (Nigg & Casey, 2005; Rubia et al., 2009a, 2009b; Schneider et al., 2010; Silk, Vance, ...
... 2005). A variety of brain regions have been implicated in the pathophysiology of ADHD including fronto-striatal, fronto-parietal, fronto-cerebellar, fronto-striato-parieto-cerebellar, and fronto-temporal circuitry (Nigg & Casey, 2005; Rubia et al., 2009a, 2009b; Schneider et al., 2010; Silk, Vance, ...
Attractor concretion as a mechanism for the formation of context
... M. Rigotti et al. / NeuroImage xxx (2010) xxx–xxx ...
... M. Rigotti et al. / NeuroImage xxx (2010) xxx–xxx ...
Neural Encoding I: Firing Rates and Spike Statistics
... order as the average interval between spikes. Neural responses can vary from trial to trial even when the same stimulus is presented repeatedly. There are many potential sources of this variability including variable levels of arousal and attention, randomness associated with various biophysical pro ...
... order as the average interval between spikes. Neural responses can vary from trial to trial even when the same stimulus is presented repeatedly. There are many potential sources of this variability including variable levels of arousal and attention, randomness associated with various biophysical pro ...
Looking for the roots of cortical sensory computation in three
... visual neurons respond unselectively to any flash of light, they may respond to pairs of flashes with sublinear or supralinear summation depending on the relative timing and spatial separation of the two stimuli, suggesting selectivity to high-order spatiotemporal correlations in the visual field. I ...
... visual neurons respond unselectively to any flash of light, they may respond to pairs of flashes with sublinear or supralinear summation depending on the relative timing and spatial separation of the two stimuli, suggesting selectivity to high-order spatiotemporal correlations in the visual field. I ...
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... of rat posterior auditory field (PAF) neurons, we compared neurophysiological responses to simple tones, frequency modulated (FM) sweeps, and amplitude modulated noise and tones with responses of primary auditory cortex (A1) neurons. PAF neurons have excitatory receptive fields that are on average 6 ...
... of rat posterior auditory field (PAF) neurons, we compared neurophysiological responses to simple tones, frequency modulated (FM) sweeps, and amplitude modulated noise and tones with responses of primary auditory cortex (A1) neurons. PAF neurons have excitatory receptive fields that are on average 6 ...
Time perception
Time perception is a field of study within psychology and neuroscience that refers to the subjective experience of time, which is measured by someone's own perception of the duration of the indefinite and continuous unfolding of events. The perceived time interval between two successive events is referred to as perceived duration. Another person's perception of time cannot be directly experienced or understood, but it can be objectively studied and inferred through a number of scientific experiments. Time perception is a construction of the brain that is manipulable and distortable under certain circumstances. These temporal illusions help to expose the underlying neural mechanisms of time perception.Pioneering work, emphasizing species-specific differences, was conducted by Karl Ernst von Baer. Experimental work began under the influence of the psycho-physical notions of Gustav Theodor Fechner with studies of the relationship between perceived and measured time.