Response Suppression in V1 Agrees with Psychophysics of
... in phase with the annulus presentation (taking hemodynamic delay into account), the voxel was included in our region of interest. The sizes of the resulting visual area subregions are listed in Table 1. Using a correlation threshold of 0.4 instead of 0.6 yielded comparable results. Modeling. As is c ...
... in phase with the annulus presentation (taking hemodynamic delay into account), the voxel was included in our region of interest. The sizes of the resulting visual area subregions are listed in Table 1. Using a correlation threshold of 0.4 instead of 0.6 yielded comparable results. Modeling. As is c ...
View Full Page PDF
... structure of the vibration pattern of the basilar membrane, across place and time - a generalization of the traditional view on pitch. While this proposition also attributes pitch to periodic sounds, we show that it predicts differences between resolved and unresolved harmonic complexes and a comple ...
... structure of the vibration pattern of the basilar membrane, across place and time - a generalization of the traditional view on pitch. While this proposition also attributes pitch to periodic sounds, we show that it predicts differences between resolved and unresolved harmonic complexes and a comple ...
Dopamine in Schizophrenia
... dysfunction of cortical areas in schizophrenia. Thus, findings revealed a functional abnormality of the frontal cortex in schizophrenia (“hypofrontality”, e.g., Wolkin et al. 1985, 1988, 1992; Gur et al. 1987; Volkow et al. 1987; Weinberger 1988; Weinberger et al. 1988; Berman and Weinberger 1990; B ...
... dysfunction of cortical areas in schizophrenia. Thus, findings revealed a functional abnormality of the frontal cortex in schizophrenia (“hypofrontality”, e.g., Wolkin et al. 1985, 1988, 1992; Gur et al. 1987; Volkow et al. 1987; Weinberger 1988; Weinberger et al. 1988; Berman and Weinberger 1990; B ...
Fluctuations in Perceptual Decisions Panagiota Theodoni
... this exciting journey. My special thanks to Nikos K. Logothetis, Rubén Moreno-Bote and Nava Rubin for constituting the Ph.D. committee of the current thesis, as well as to their substitutes Jaime de la Rocha and Albert Compte for their interest. I am very happy to have had the opportunity to collabo ...
... this exciting journey. My special thanks to Nikos K. Logothetis, Rubén Moreno-Bote and Nava Rubin for constituting the Ph.D. committee of the current thesis, as well as to their substitutes Jaime de la Rocha and Albert Compte for their interest. I am very happy to have had the opportunity to collabo ...
The cortical visual area V6: brain location and visual topography
... dorsal zone had a set of connections different from that found for the ventral one (Colby et al., 1988). The term PO was then retained to indicate the ventral, visually more responsive region of the originally described area PO, leaving unnamed the visually less-responsive cortical region dorsal to ...
... dorsal zone had a set of connections different from that found for the ventral one (Colby et al., 1988). The term PO was then retained to indicate the ventral, visually more responsive region of the originally described area PO, leaving unnamed the visually less-responsive cortical region dorsal to ...
The Three Amnesias - University of Florida College of Public Health
... classified as one of the basal ganglia. The amygdala is more closely related to limbic and neocortical regions that are of paleocortical derivation, whereas the hippocampus is archicortical, and is more closely related to cortex of archicortical derivation (Pandya & Yeterian 1990). Thus, the amygdal ...
... classified as one of the basal ganglia. The amygdala is more closely related to limbic and neocortical regions that are of paleocortical derivation, whereas the hippocampus is archicortical, and is more closely related to cortex of archicortical derivation (Pandya & Yeterian 1990). Thus, the amygdal ...
How is Epilepsy Diagnosed?
... in ancient Babylon more than 3,000 years ago. The strange behaviour caused by some seizures has contributed through the ages to many superstitions and prejudices. People once thought that those with epilepsy were being visited by demons or gods. However, in 400 B.C., the early physician Hippocrates ...
... in ancient Babylon more than 3,000 years ago. The strange behaviour caused by some seizures has contributed through the ages to many superstitions and prejudices. People once thought that those with epilepsy were being visited by demons or gods. However, in 400 B.C., the early physician Hippocrates ...
Experiment 2 - fMRI Study
... Together these findings suggest that the LIFG may play a role in both production and comprehension when resolving competition, but that there may also be differences in the networks implementing competition in each task and cooperating with LIFG. To evaluate this possibility, we used behavioral mea ...
... Together these findings suggest that the LIFG may play a role in both production and comprehension when resolving competition, but that there may also be differences in the networks implementing competition in each task and cooperating with LIFG. To evaluate this possibility, we used behavioral mea ...
Physiological Plasticity of Single Neurons in Auditory Cortex of the
... at the beginning of a session to produce a brief (2-5 s) pupillary dilation. The US was delivered to the subcutaneous tissue of the forepaw contralateral to the recording site via a pair of fine wire electrodes. Pupillary size was monitored by an infrared pupillometer (Cassady, Farley, Weinberger, & ...
... at the beginning of a session to produce a brief (2-5 s) pupillary dilation. The US was delivered to the subcutaneous tissue of the forepaw contralateral to the recording site via a pair of fine wire electrodes. Pupillary size was monitored by an infrared pupillometer (Cassady, Farley, Weinberger, & ...
Temporal Plasticity Involved in Recovery from Manual Dexterity
... PET imaging and inactivation studies (Table 1). Before the lesion, the monkeys underwent prelesion training that involved a small-object retrieval task, and topographic motor maps of M1 and the ventral premotor area (PMv) were constructed by using ICMS. Ibotenic acid was then injected to destroy the ...
... PET imaging and inactivation studies (Table 1). Before the lesion, the monkeys underwent prelesion training that involved a small-object retrieval task, and topographic motor maps of M1 and the ventral premotor area (PMv) were constructed by using ICMS. Ibotenic acid was then injected to destroy the ...
Olfactory modulation by dopamine in the context of aversive learning
... This task is made all the more difficult because most resources have patchy distributions and varying reward values. This variability establishes different behavioral contexts in which sensory information is encoded by the nervous system. The nervous system must therefore adjust its activity so that ...
... This task is made all the more difficult because most resources have patchy distributions and varying reward values. This variability establishes different behavioral contexts in which sensory information is encoded by the nervous system. The nervous system must therefore adjust its activity so that ...
Maruska & Tricas 2009b
... (80–800 Hz). These data were used to construct the isointensity response curves. Stimuli consisted of 100 repetitions of 40 ms ramped tone bursts (10 ms rise and fall; 20 ms plateau; 8.3 Hz repetition rate) at frequencies of 80–800 Hz (80, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 800 Hz). The frequency respons ...
... (80–800 Hz). These data were used to construct the isointensity response curves. Stimuli consisted of 100 repetitions of 40 ms ramped tone bursts (10 ms rise and fall; 20 ms plateau; 8.3 Hz repetition rate) at frequencies of 80–800 Hz (80, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 800 Hz). The frequency respons ...
Chapter 3 Overlapping circuits for relative value and selective
... not yet been investigated. Here we wished to gain insight into the effects of reward expectancy on neuronal activity in area V1 of macaque monkeys. Moreover, we aimed to investigate the relation between reward expectancy and attention (Maunsell, 2004). The effects of attention are as widespread acro ...
... not yet been investigated. Here we wished to gain insight into the effects of reward expectancy on neuronal activity in area V1 of macaque monkeys. Moreover, we aimed to investigate the relation between reward expectancy and attention (Maunsell, 2004). The effects of attention are as widespread acro ...
Prefrontal Neurons Coding Suppression of Specific Saccades
... lobe (e.g., Hasegawa et al., 1998, 2000a, 2004) in monkeys have dealt with the generation of movement rather than its suppression. The saccadic system provides an excellent model for the suppression of unwanted behavior. Monkeys as well as humans can voluntarily move their eyes not only to look at s ...
... lobe (e.g., Hasegawa et al., 1998, 2000a, 2004) in monkeys have dealt with the generation of movement rather than its suppression. The saccadic system provides an excellent model for the suppression of unwanted behavior. Monkeys as well as humans can voluntarily move their eyes not only to look at s ...
Empathic choice involves vmPFC value signals that are modulated
... same order as in the first experimental visit. The passive subject played only the bid-for-self task outside the scanner. His responses were used to compute the feedback signals for the active subjects. About task order Given the difficulty in guessing another’s film preferences, we were concerned t ...
... same order as in the first experimental visit. The passive subject played only the bid-for-self task outside the scanner. His responses were used to compute the feedback signals for the active subjects. About task order Given the difficulty in guessing another’s film preferences, we were concerned t ...
Lecture Guide - TestbankCart.com
... 6. Figure 2.15 – The Motor and Somatosensory Cortex 7. The temporal lobes contain the primary auditory area and are also involved in understanding language. 8. The frontal lobes contain the motor cortex, which controls the voluntary muscles, and are also where all the higher mental functions occur, ...
... 6. Figure 2.15 – The Motor and Somatosensory Cortex 7. The temporal lobes contain the primary auditory area and are also involved in understanding language. 8. The frontal lobes contain the motor cortex, which controls the voluntary muscles, and are also where all the higher mental functions occur, ...
Auditory–vocal mirroring in songbirds
... Since their discovery in the monkey frontal cortex almost three decades ago, ‘mirror neurons’ that are active both when an individual observes and executes a specific movement have been advanced as a substrate for imitative learning, including for skills that form the basis of communicative behaviou ...
... Since their discovery in the monkey frontal cortex almost three decades ago, ‘mirror neurons’ that are active both when an individual observes and executes a specific movement have been advanced as a substrate for imitative learning, including for skills that form the basis of communicative behaviou ...
The History of the EEG
... • Fast Fourier Transform seperates spontaneous EEG signal to component frequencies and amplitudes • Restriction: high frequency resolution demands long (in the range of seconds) analysis windows ...
... • Fast Fourier Transform seperates spontaneous EEG signal to component frequencies and amplitudes • Restriction: high frequency resolution demands long (in the range of seconds) analysis windows ...
Switching from automatic to controlled behavior: cortico - lsr
... There is empirical evidence that errors result in adjustments of behavior in several ways. First, subjects can correct their action slips resulting from premature responses immediately after they have committed an error [62]. Second, subjects slow down on subsequent trials after errors, a phenomenon ...
... There is empirical evidence that errors result in adjustments of behavior in several ways. First, subjects can correct their action slips resulting from premature responses immediately after they have committed an error [62]. Second, subjects slow down on subsequent trials after errors, a phenomenon ...
A review of alpha activity in integrative brain function: Fundamental
... The present review also strongly emphasizes the observation of Gray Walter (1950), presented in the previous section, and also that, according to measurements, alpha oscillations or “alphas” are correlated with several basic functions. Research also suggests that a profound understanding of alpha ac ...
... The present review also strongly emphasizes the observation of Gray Walter (1950), presented in the previous section, and also that, according to measurements, alpha oscillations or “alphas” are correlated with several basic functions. Research also suggests that a profound understanding of alpha ac ...
1 - Projeto Andar de Novo
... hypothalamic molecules related to energy metabolism. We previously observed a delay in nitric oxide expression in hypothalamus. In this work we analyzed the effects of a hipoproteic diet applied to lactating rats during the first ten days of life in hypothalamic glycogen stores. Animals from P10 to ...
... hypothalamic molecules related to energy metabolism. We previously observed a delay in nitric oxide expression in hypothalamus. In this work we analyzed the effects of a hipoproteic diet applied to lactating rats during the first ten days of life in hypothalamic glycogen stores. Animals from P10 to ...
Receptive fields and suppressive fields in the
... Another concept that helps understand suppressive effects is that of mechanisms of gain control (Freeman et al., 2002b; Solomon et al., 2002). These mechanisms control neuronal responsiveness, or gain, by performing division. In this division the numerator is given by the output of the receptive fie ...
... Another concept that helps understand suppressive effects is that of mechanisms of gain control (Freeman et al., 2002b; Solomon et al., 2002). These mechanisms control neuronal responsiveness, or gain, by performing division. In this division the numerator is given by the output of the receptive fie ...
Dopamine and adaptive memory - Shohamy Lab
... system is distinct and dissociable from brain systems responsible for other kinds of memory (e.g. emotional memory, habit learning, etc. [6]). A key function of memory, however, is presumably to improve choices and actions. Indeed, research in animals has always necessarily investigated memory in th ...
... system is distinct and dissociable from brain systems responsible for other kinds of memory (e.g. emotional memory, habit learning, etc. [6]). A key function of memory, however, is presumably to improve choices and actions. Indeed, research in animals has always necessarily investigated memory in th ...
Reticular formation,sleep and wakefulness
... • It was later proved that sleep is caused by an active inhibitory process, once that there seems to be a center located below the midpontile level of the brain stem that is required to cause sleep by inhibiting other parts of the brain; • ONTOGENIC HYPOTHESIS OF REM SLEEP says that the activity occ ...
... • It was later proved that sleep is caused by an active inhibitory process, once that there seems to be a center located below the midpontile level of the brain stem that is required to cause sleep by inhibiting other parts of the brain; • ONTOGENIC HYPOTHESIS OF REM SLEEP says that the activity occ ...
Time perception
Time perception is a field of study within psychology and neuroscience that refers to the subjective experience of time, which is measured by someone's own perception of the duration of the indefinite and continuous unfolding of events. The perceived time interval between two successive events is referred to as perceived duration. Another person's perception of time cannot be directly experienced or understood, but it can be objectively studied and inferred through a number of scientific experiments. Time perception is a construction of the brain that is manipulable and distortable under certain circumstances. These temporal illusions help to expose the underlying neural mechanisms of time perception.Pioneering work, emphasizing species-specific differences, was conducted by Karl Ernst von Baer. Experimental work began under the influence of the psycho-physical notions of Gustav Theodor Fechner with studies of the relationship between perceived and measured time.