SUC1 and SUC2: two sucrose transporters from Arabidopsis
... different from those found in STP1 and MST1 (Table 1). For various monosaccharide transporters it has been postulated that their present structure with 12 transmembrane segments might have evolved, by gene duplication and fusion of an ancestral transporter gene which only had six transmembrane helic ...
... different from those found in STP1 and MST1 (Table 1). For various monosaccharide transporters it has been postulated that their present structure with 12 transmembrane segments might have evolved, by gene duplication and fusion of an ancestral transporter gene which only had six transmembrane helic ...
mammalian hibernation: biochemical adaptation
... of ATP production needed to support their shivering is supplied by aerobic sugar oxidation in muscle using the massive stores of honey that the colony laid down from summer foraging. Hence, honeybees use a social solution to winter warmth. Another futile form of ATP turnover that supports thermogene ...
... of ATP production needed to support their shivering is supplied by aerobic sugar oxidation in muscle using the massive stores of honey that the colony laid down from summer foraging. Hence, honeybees use a social solution to winter warmth. Another futile form of ATP turnover that supports thermogene ...
Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA gyrase ATPase domain structures
... its ATPase activity using a sensitive fluorescence assay which measures the production of Pi [28]. As the ATPase activity of the isolated ATPase domain is quite low, 15 μM protein was used. Figure 1 shows an ATP titration for the ATPase domain. An ATP-dependent increase in activity was observed, and ...
... its ATPase activity using a sensitive fluorescence assay which measures the production of Pi [28]. As the ATPase activity of the isolated ATPase domain is quite low, 15 μM protein was used. Figure 1 shows an ATP titration for the ATPase domain. An ATP-dependent increase in activity was observed, and ...
Altered cellular proliferation and mesoderm
... In Drosophila, the complex pattern of homeotic gene (HOMC) expression is established early in development by the transiently expressed maternal and segmentation genes (Ingham, 1988). Late in development, two groups of genes are necessary to maintain the expression pattern of the homeotic genes. The ...
... In Drosophila, the complex pattern of homeotic gene (HOMC) expression is established early in development by the transiently expressed maternal and segmentation genes (Ingham, 1988). Late in development, two groups of genes are necessary to maintain the expression pattern of the homeotic genes. The ...
Expression and characterization of 1
... The bpoolQ of plasmid DNA obtained from above was digested with both BamHI and HindIII. Specifically, a 100AL reaction was set up containing 10 AL of the appropriate restriction digest buffer according to the manufacturer’s instructions (Promega), 5 AL each of BamHI and HindIII, 10 AL of plasmid DNA ...
... The bpoolQ of plasmid DNA obtained from above was digested with both BamHI and HindIII. Specifically, a 100AL reaction was set up containing 10 AL of the appropriate restriction digest buffer according to the manufacturer’s instructions (Promega), 5 AL each of BamHI and HindIII, 10 AL of plasmid DNA ...
Synapsis-Mediated Fusion of Free DNA Ends Forms Inverted Dimer Plasmids in Yeast.
... selection for Leu+ transformants (and also for Ura+ transformants, not shown) reveals a first order concentrationdependence, while double selection for Ura+ Leu+ transformants results in a second order dependence. These outcomes are expectedon the basis of a unimolecular requirement for the transfor ...
... selection for Leu+ transformants (and also for Ura+ transformants, not shown) reveals a first order concentrationdependence, while double selection for Ura+ Leu+ transformants results in a second order dependence. These outcomes are expectedon the basis of a unimolecular requirement for the transfor ...
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... the first round of meiosis. In meiosis 1, members of homologous chromosome pairs are separated. This results in the segregation of genes into two gametes. This tutorial will help you to understand how meiosis II is very similar to mitosis. In both cases, chromosomes line up and sister chromatids are ...
... the first round of meiosis. In meiosis 1, members of homologous chromosome pairs are separated. This results in the segregation of genes into two gametes. This tutorial will help you to understand how meiosis II is very similar to mitosis. In both cases, chromosomes line up and sister chromatids are ...
The daily rhythm of mice
... deficient for the nuclear receptor REV-ERBa showed a shorter period probably due to dampened amplitude of Bmal1 expression [41]. The REV-ERBa protein bound to the promoter region of the Bmal1 gene in the phase of transcriptional repression [31]. This specific action of REV-ERBa was exploited to shut d ...
... deficient for the nuclear receptor REV-ERBa showed a shorter period probably due to dampened amplitude of Bmal1 expression [41]. The REV-ERBa protein bound to the promoter region of the Bmal1 gene in the phase of transcriptional repression [31]. This specific action of REV-ERBa was exploited to shut d ...
Persistence and Loss of Meiotic Recombination
... have used hotspot variants discovered in lab cultures or created by mutagenesis, hotspot loci are known to be polymorphic in natural populations (Catcheside 1975; Guillon and de Massy 2002; Carrington and Cullen 2004). Furthermore, biased conversion in hotspot heterozygotes has also been detected in ...
... have used hotspot variants discovered in lab cultures or created by mutagenesis, hotspot loci are known to be polymorphic in natural populations (Catcheside 1975; Guillon and de Massy 2002; Carrington and Cullen 2004). Furthermore, biased conversion in hotspot heterozygotes has also been detected in ...
Strains of Salmonella typhimurium and Other
... and absent in some “wild” isolates of S. typhimurium). Very useful derivatives of strain LT2 were derived by Ames et al. for the widely used tests of mutagens and carcinogens (2). Analysis of wild-type strains of S. typhimurium by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis shows that LT2 belongs to electroph ...
... and absent in some “wild” isolates of S. typhimurium). Very useful derivatives of strain LT2 were derived by Ames et al. for the widely used tests of mutagens and carcinogens (2). Analysis of wild-type strains of S. typhimurium by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis shows that LT2 belongs to electroph ...
Equilibrium Statistics of Channel-confined DNA
... This thesis concerns the statistical description of a very long molecule (a polymer) that is confined to a channel which is much narrower than the size of the molecule. The primary motivation is recent experiments where DNA molecules are inserted into channels with a width of about 100 nm. The resea ...
... This thesis concerns the statistical description of a very long molecule (a polymer) that is confined to a channel which is much narrower than the size of the molecule. The primary motivation is recent experiments where DNA molecules are inserted into channels with a width of about 100 nm. The resea ...
A model for mis-sense error in protein synthesis: mis
... is also the correct one, as directed by the corresponding template; the other end of the same cognate tRNA molecule, referred to as anti-codon, matches perfectly, by complementary base pairing, with the codon on the template mRNA. In contrast, increasing degree of mismatch makes the tRNA near-cognat ...
... is also the correct one, as directed by the corresponding template; the other end of the same cognate tRNA molecule, referred to as anti-codon, matches perfectly, by complementary base pairing, with the codon on the template mRNA. In contrast, increasing degree of mismatch makes the tRNA near-cognat ...
Chapter 14: MENDEL AND THE GENE IDEA
... Meiosis is the type of cellular division that is part of sexual reproduction and produces 4 daughter cells with one of each kind of parental chromosome (these cells are not identical). One homologous chromosome is inherited from the father, the other from the mother. Homologous chromosome pairs ha ...
... Meiosis is the type of cellular division that is part of sexual reproduction and produces 4 daughter cells with one of each kind of parental chromosome (these cells are not identical). One homologous chromosome is inherited from the father, the other from the mother. Homologous chromosome pairs ha ...
VegT activates Bix4 to specify endodermal
... cDNA library previously described (Tada et al., 1998). The plasmid was linearised with HinfI and transcribed with T3 RNA polymerase. Other probes, including Xwnt8 (Christian et al., 1991), Xbra (Smith et al., 1991), ornithine decarboxylase (Isaacs et al., 1992), Xvent1 (Gawantka et al., 1995), Xsox1 ...
... cDNA library previously described (Tada et al., 1998). The plasmid was linearised with HinfI and transcribed with T3 RNA polymerase. Other probes, including Xwnt8 (Christian et al., 1991), Xbra (Smith et al., 1991), ornithine decarboxylase (Isaacs et al., 1992), Xvent1 (Gawantka et al., 1995), Xsox1 ...
SPECIFIC PROTEIN SYNTHESIS IN CELLULAR
... Near the end of vitellogenesis, the nurse cells degenerate (King and Aggarwal, 1965) ; the follicle then consists of only two cell types, the oocyte (which can be destroyed easily) and the enveloping follicular cells . In sum, pure preparations of follicular epithelial cells (Fig . I c) can be obtai ...
... Near the end of vitellogenesis, the nurse cells degenerate (King and Aggarwal, 1965) ; the follicle then consists of only two cell types, the oocyte (which can be destroyed easily) and the enveloping follicular cells . In sum, pure preparations of follicular epithelial cells (Fig . I c) can be obtai ...
Get PDF - Wiley Online Library
... The poly(A) tail is bound by the poly(A)-binding protein (PABP), which is necessary for efficient translation (for reviews, see Jacobson, 1996; Sachs et al., 1997). In yeast, eIF4G was found to associate with PABP (Tarun and Sachs, 1996). The PABP-binding site was mapped to an N-terminal region prox ...
... The poly(A) tail is bound by the poly(A)-binding protein (PABP), which is necessary for efficient translation (for reviews, see Jacobson, 1996; Sachs et al., 1997). In yeast, eIF4G was found to associate with PABP (Tarun and Sachs, 1996). The PABP-binding site was mapped to an N-terminal region prox ...
Amino Acids in Animal Nutrition
... to produce the quantity of meat, milk, fish and eggs demanded by European consumers. The availability of amino acids has allowed feeds to be produced using smaller quantities of protein rich raw materials allowing these limited scarce resources to be used more sparingly. Starting in the 1950’s with ...
... to produce the quantity of meat, milk, fish and eggs demanded by European consumers. The availability of amino acids has allowed feeds to be produced using smaller quantities of protein rich raw materials allowing these limited scarce resources to be used more sparingly. Starting in the 1950’s with ...
Respiratory terminal oxidases in the facultative chemoheterotrophic
... site of a respiratory electron transport chain. The two processes share several components, making cyanobacteria the only cells in which these two most important bioenergetic processes occur in the same cellular compartment. The cytoplasmic membrane, in contrast, does not contain a functional photos ...
... site of a respiratory electron transport chain. The two processes share several components, making cyanobacteria the only cells in which these two most important bioenergetic processes occur in the same cellular compartment. The cytoplasmic membrane, in contrast, does not contain a functional photos ...
hemipterous Encodes a Novel Drosophila MAP
... part in theestablishment of germ layers and the overall body organization in metazoan development. The cellular and mechanistic aspects of concerted cell movements have been described in several organisms, and a number of studies suggest an important role for cell communication in morphogenesis (for ...
... part in theestablishment of germ layers and the overall body organization in metazoan development. The cellular and mechanistic aspects of concerted cell movements have been described in several organisms, and a number of studies suggest an important role for cell communication in morphogenesis (for ...
Genetics - York University
... combinations of the same ones. How was evolution possible if Mendel’s conception was correct? Darwin required that subsequent generations of a species exhibit a set of characteristics that varied, but around a different center. • Answer: Mutations. ...
... combinations of the same ones. How was evolution possible if Mendel’s conception was correct? Darwin required that subsequent generations of a species exhibit a set of characteristics that varied, but around a different center. • Answer: Mutations. ...
LIPID MOBILIZATION
... As fatty acids get longer they tend to be less water soluble so it is beneficial for the enzymes to be a complex Fatty acid synthase can synthesize only saturated fatty acyl chains of up to 16-C chain length ...
... As fatty acids get longer they tend to be less water soluble so it is beneficial for the enzymes to be a complex Fatty acid synthase can synthesize only saturated fatty acyl chains of up to 16-C chain length ...
University of Groningen Transport processes in penicillin
... improvement of strains and cultivation conditions is only practical when factors that limit the yield and rate of penicillin production can be pinpointed and removed easily. In recent studies on prospects of metabolically engineering penicillin production, two general approaches have been applied to ...
... improvement of strains and cultivation conditions is only practical when factors that limit the yield and rate of penicillin production can be pinpointed and removed easily. In recent studies on prospects of metabolically engineering penicillin production, two general approaches have been applied to ...
by Vanessa Di Gioacchino A thesis submitted to the Department of Biology
... Mental illness is prevalent in our population and has been studied for decades but is still poorly understood. Understanding the genetic and biological mechanisms underlying these disorders can lead to significant improvements in diagnosis, treatment, and quality of life for patients suffering from ...
... Mental illness is prevalent in our population and has been studied for decades but is still poorly understood. Understanding the genetic and biological mechanisms underlying these disorders can lead to significant improvements in diagnosis, treatment, and quality of life for patients suffering from ...
Structure and Function of Large Bio Molecules
... An immense variety of polymers can be built from a small number of monomers. • Each cell has thousands of different kinds of macromolecules. • Macromolecules vary among cells of the same individual. They vary more among unrelated individuals of a species, and even more between species. • This divers ...
... An immense variety of polymers can be built from a small number of monomers. • Each cell has thousands of different kinds of macromolecules. • Macromolecules vary among cells of the same individual. They vary more among unrelated individuals of a species, and even more between species. • This divers ...
NOVEL SPERM-SPECIFIC GLYCOLYTIC ISOZYMES GENERATED
... the glycolytic pathway. Genomic and proteomic analyses identified three aldolase A (Aldoa) transcripts generated by retrotransposition and alternative splicing: Aldoa_v2, Aldoart1, and Aldoart2. Unique nucleotide sequence in Aldoart1 provided evidence for an alternatively spliced exon in Aldoa_v2. E ...
... the glycolytic pathway. Genomic and proteomic analyses identified three aldolase A (Aldoa) transcripts generated by retrotransposition and alternative splicing: Aldoa_v2, Aldoart1, and Aldoart2. Unique nucleotide sequence in Aldoart1 provided evidence for an alternatively spliced exon in Aldoa_v2. E ...
Point mutation
A point mutation, or single base modification, is a type of mutation that causes a single nucleotide base change, insertion, or deletion of the genetic material, DNA or RNA. The term frameshift mutation indicates the addition or deletion of a base pair. A point mutant is an individual that is affected by a point mutation.Repeat induced point mutations are recurring point mutations, discussed below.