Neuronal mechanisms of executive control by the prefrontal cortex
... Executive function is considered to be a product of the coordinated operation of various processes to accomplish a particular goal in a flexible manner. The mechanism or system responsible for the coordinated operation of various processes is called executive control. Impairments caused by damage to ...
... Executive function is considered to be a product of the coordinated operation of various processes to accomplish a particular goal in a flexible manner. The mechanism or system responsible for the coordinated operation of various processes is called executive control. Impairments caused by damage to ...
JCN17 - Princeton University
... Deductive reasoning is the attempt to reach secure conclusion from prior beliefs, observations or suppositions. It is a distinguishing feature of human intellect, and has been the focus of vigorous investigation within psychology and philosophy (Johnson-Laird & Byrne, 1991, Rips, 1994, Hacking, 2001 ...
... Deductive reasoning is the attempt to reach secure conclusion from prior beliefs, observations or suppositions. It is a distinguishing feature of human intellect, and has been the focus of vigorous investigation within psychology and philosophy (Johnson-Laird & Byrne, 1991, Rips, 1994, Hacking, 2001 ...
Lecture Guide - TestbankCart.com
... 4. The occipital lobes at the back and base of each hemisphere process vision and contain the primary visual cortex. 5. The parietal lobes at the top and back of the cortex contain the somatosensory area, which processes our sense of touch, temperature, and body position. Taste is also processed in ...
... 4. The occipital lobes at the back and base of each hemisphere process vision and contain the primary visual cortex. 5. The parietal lobes at the top and back of the cortex contain the somatosensory area, which processes our sense of touch, temperature, and body position. Taste is also processed in ...
The Neuroscientist
... only using univariate methods such as t-tests and correlation analysis (Voyvodic 1999), the general linear model (GLM), and multiple regression (Voyvodic 1999; Smyser and others 2001; Bagarinao and others 2003; Weiskopf and others 2004) but also with more advanced multivariate methods such as indepe ...
... only using univariate methods such as t-tests and correlation analysis (Voyvodic 1999), the general linear model (GLM), and multiple regression (Voyvodic 1999; Smyser and others 2001; Bagarinao and others 2003; Weiskopf and others 2004) but also with more advanced multivariate methods such as indepe ...
Shamanism in Cross-Cultural Perspective
... The selection for the role of the shaman was generally open to all, but largely found among descendants of shamans who received their powers from the spirit allies of their ancestors. Shamans were most typically men, but, in most cultures, women could also practice shamanism in pre- and post-reprodu ...
... The selection for the role of the shaman was generally open to all, but largely found among descendants of shamans who received their powers from the spirit allies of their ancestors. Shamans were most typically men, but, in most cultures, women could also practice shamanism in pre- and post-reprodu ...
fulltext
... and control various aspects of neuronal activity to decipher their correlation to behavior. The Vesicular Glutamate Transporter 2 (VGLUT2) packages glutamate into presynaptic vesicles for axonal terminal release. In this thesis, VGLUT2 was used to specifically target cell populations within the basa ...
... and control various aspects of neuronal activity to decipher their correlation to behavior. The Vesicular Glutamate Transporter 2 (VGLUT2) packages glutamate into presynaptic vesicles for axonal terminal release. In this thesis, VGLUT2 was used to specifically target cell populations within the basa ...
Synaptic Targets of Medial Septal Projections in the Hippocampus
... Temporal coordination of neuronal assemblies among cortical areas is essential for behavioral performance. GABAergic projections from the medial septum and diagonal band complex exclusively innervate GABAergic interneurons in the rat hippocampus, contributing to the coordination of neuronal activity ...
... Temporal coordination of neuronal assemblies among cortical areas is essential for behavioral performance. GABAergic projections from the medial septum and diagonal band complex exclusively innervate GABAergic interneurons in the rat hippocampus, contributing to the coordination of neuronal activity ...
Neural effects of positive and negative incentives during marijuana
... systems (e.g., orbitofrontal cortex, caudate, VS, anterior cingulate) are also involved during negative reinforcement [19] [20]. For instance, using the MID, Kim et al. (2006) reported that the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is active during successful avoidance of monetary loss in healthy individuals [ ...
... systems (e.g., orbitofrontal cortex, caudate, VS, anterior cingulate) are also involved during negative reinforcement [19] [20]. For instance, using the MID, Kim et al. (2006) reported that the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is active during successful avoidance of monetary loss in healthy individuals [ ...
donepezil dose-dependently inhibits acetylcholinesterase activity in
... Abstract—In the symptomatic treatment of mild to moderately severe dementia associated with Alzheimer’s disease, donepezil (E2020) has been introduced for the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity in the human brain. However, there is no morphological evidence as to how this chemical agent aff ...
... Abstract—In the symptomatic treatment of mild to moderately severe dementia associated with Alzheimer’s disease, donepezil (E2020) has been introduced for the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity in the human brain. However, there is no morphological evidence as to how this chemical agent aff ...
Auditory Target Detection in Dichotic Listening
... listening, compared to diotic listening or other low-level auditory baselines, some brain imaging studies found an interaction of sustained attention to one ear and dichotic stimulus presentations (e.g. Hugdahl et al., 2000; Jäncke and Shah, 2002; Lipschutz et al., 2002) in frontal and parietal cort ...
... listening, compared to diotic listening or other low-level auditory baselines, some brain imaging studies found an interaction of sustained attention to one ear and dichotic stimulus presentations (e.g. Hugdahl et al., 2000; Jäncke and Shah, 2002; Lipschutz et al., 2002) in frontal and parietal cort ...
Human and Rodent Homologies in Action Control - Research
... Recent behavioral studies in both humans and rodents have found evidence that performance in decision-making tasks depends on two different learning processes; one encoding the relationship between actions and their consequences and a second involving the formation of stimulus–response associations. ...
... Recent behavioral studies in both humans and rodents have found evidence that performance in decision-making tasks depends on two different learning processes; one encoding the relationship between actions and their consequences and a second involving the formation of stimulus–response associations. ...
(2012) Prediction of economic choice by primate amygdala neurons
... and negative values of conditioned stimuli during learning (9–11). In human imaging studies, amygdala activation is associated with basic rewards (12), decision variables (13), and decision-related emotions (14). Together, these findings suggest an important contribution of the amygdala to economic d ...
... and negative values of conditioned stimuli during learning (9–11). In human imaging studies, amygdala activation is associated with basic rewards (12), decision variables (13), and decision-related emotions (14). Together, these findings suggest an important contribution of the amygdala to economic d ...
PROJECTIONS OF THE AMYGDALOID BODY TO THE INSULAR
... The claustrum prepiriforme -- endopiriform nucleus - is basically not a part of the amygddoid body. Its connectioizs with the insular cortex are mentioned here only owing to close topo;graphical relations with nuclei of the amygdala. Connections of the clanstrum prepiriforme in the cat were describ ...
... The claustrum prepiriforme -- endopiriform nucleus - is basically not a part of the amygddoid body. Its connectioizs with the insular cortex are mentioned here only owing to close topo;graphical relations with nuclei of the amygdala. Connections of the clanstrum prepiriforme in the cat were describ ...
pre_print_Blunted_and_exaggerated_cardiac_stress_reactivity
... particularly within an individual difference framework emphasizing central motivational dysregulation. Thus, given the paucity of research characterizing the specific neural correlates of blunted physiological reactivity, the present study tested the hypothesis that individuals who exhibit one form ...
... particularly within an individual difference framework emphasizing central motivational dysregulation. Thus, given the paucity of research characterizing the specific neural correlates of blunted physiological reactivity, the present study tested the hypothesis that individuals who exhibit one form ...
4 - Radboud Repository
... how easily glucocorticoids can bind to them. The MR is mostly expressed in the hippocampus, the amygdala, lateral septum, parts of the prefrontal cortex, and the cerebellum (Arriza et al, 1988). These structures are among others associated with cognitive functions such as spatial orientation, detect ...
... how easily glucocorticoids can bind to them. The MR is mostly expressed in the hippocampus, the amygdala, lateral septum, parts of the prefrontal cortex, and the cerebellum (Arriza et al, 1988). These structures are among others associated with cognitive functions such as spatial orientation, detect ...
Basal Ganglia objectives - NBio401
... -Be able to explain how, in addition to the pathways affecting limb movements, there are other loops between the basal ganglia and cerebral cortex that perform analogous functions for oculomotor, executive, and emotional systems. - Be able to describe the type of learning in which the basal ganglia ...
... -Be able to explain how, in addition to the pathways affecting limb movements, there are other loops between the basal ganglia and cerebral cortex that perform analogous functions for oculomotor, executive, and emotional systems. - Be able to describe the type of learning in which the basal ganglia ...
Domain-general mechanisms of complex working memory span
... (2007a,b) have argued that there are two dissociable domain-general mechanisms that influence WM capacity; (1) a dynamic attention component that maintains a small amount of information in a transiently more accessible state (i.e., in STM), and (2) a search component, responsible for guiding a search ...
... (2007a,b) have argued that there are two dissociable domain-general mechanisms that influence WM capacity; (1) a dynamic attention component that maintains a small amount of information in a transiently more accessible state (i.e., in STM), and (2) a search component, responsible for guiding a search ...
connections of the hypothalamus and preoptic area with nuclei of
... of the stria terminalis The HRP labeled cells following injections into the majority of nuclei of the amygdala (Fig. 1, rat R30) were seen primarily in the inferoposterior portion of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis. They were visib1,e in frontal seotions through the posterior region of thz p ...
... of the stria terminalis The HRP labeled cells following injections into the majority of nuclei of the amygdala (Fig. 1, rat R30) were seen primarily in the inferoposterior portion of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis. They were visib1,e in frontal seotions through the posterior region of thz p ...
Limbic system
The limbic system (or paleomammalian brain) is a complex set of brain structures located on both sides of the thalamus, right under the cerebrum. It is not a separate system but a collection of structures from the telencephalon, diencephalon, and mesencephalon. It includes the olfactory bulbs, hippocampus, amygdala, anterior thalamic nuclei, fornix, columns of fornix, mammillary body, septum pellucidum, habenular commissure, cingulate gyrus, parahippocampal gyrus, limbic cortex, and limbic midbrain areas.The limbic system supports a variety of functions including epinephrine flow, emotion, behavior, motivation, long-term memory, and olfaction. Emotional life is largely housed in the limbic system, and it has a great deal to do with the formation of memories.Although the term only originated in the 1940s, some neuroscientists, including Joseph LeDoux, have suggested that the concept of a functionally unified limbic system should be abandoned as obsolete because it is grounded mainly in historical concepts of brain anatomy that are no longer accepted as accurate.