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Introduction to AI
Introduction to AI

... ◊ 3 rooms contain: a person, a computer, and an interrogator. ◊ The interrogator can communicate with the other 2 by teletype (to avoid the machine imitate the appearance or voice of the person). ◊ The interrogator tries to determine which is the person and which is the machine. ◊ The machine tries ...
View PDF - Advances in Cognitive Systems
View PDF - Advances in Cognitive Systems

... which in turn depend on the ability to represent, create, and interpret content encoded in such representations. This position is closely related to the fundamental insight – arguably the foundation of the 1956 AI revolution – that computers are not simply numeric calculators but rather general symb ...
CHAPT9-SocialRobotics
CHAPT9-SocialRobotics

... A social robot is an autonomous robot that interacts and communicates with humans or other autonomous physical agents by following social behaviors and rules. This suggests that a social robot must have a physical embodiment. Social robot should communicate and interact with humans and/or embodied a ...
House Classification
House Classification

... al. In other words, if we feel good about ourselves, terms, we could say that those who have a strong we feel good about being alive; and we therefore emphasis on the fourth house have a need to act at develop faith that this life will be an essentially the deepest emotional level in order to assimi ...
CS607_Midterm_Spring20151
CS607_Midterm_Spring20151

... 1. Perception and Knowledge Representation definition. 2 marks Ans: Perception component that allows the system to get information from its environment Knowledge representation maybe static or it may be coupled with a learning component that is adaptive and draws trends from the perceived data. 2. c ...
Knowledge Base
Knowledge Base

... Experts express their knowledge informally, using natural language, visual representations and common sense, often omitting essential details that are considered obvious. This form of knowledge is very different from the one in which knowledge has to be represented in the knowledge base (which is fo ...
Employability Skills 3
Employability Skills 3

... • Defined as negative behavior that may be based on race, age, disabilities, gender, religion, etc. • Creates a negative working environment. • Sexual harassment is illegal; it is typically repeated if not addressed. • Bullying is more common but reported less often. • Adult bullying is difficult to ...
Tunnel vision - Engaging with the world – Eriksen`s site
Tunnel vision - Engaging with the world – Eriksen`s site

... have moved away from the crude reductionism represented in the previous generation. Based on a more sound knowledge of social science and cultural variation, it does not presuppose that culture is per se adaptive in a biological sense (an absurd position), but is instead concerned with identifying e ...
Understanding Cancer-related Cognitive Impairment
Understanding Cancer-related Cognitive Impairment

... Course of cognitive changes • Pre-systemic treatment deficits in ~35% • Deficits during and after treatment in ~65% **Largely resolve (return to normal cognitive test scores) in the 12-18 months following treatment** ...
why social sciences are natural
why social sciences are natural

... There is another sense in which the fact that human action is based on meanings is taken to imply that social sciences cannot be naturalised. It has to do with the fact that natural sciences deal about ‘natural entities’, or ‘natural systems’, i.e., things that are governed by some objective regular ...
INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION

... in universal terms as a function of the similarities that reside in our differences from one another. This is where the focused analysis of life-as-lived by particular human beings with particular histories in particular places (ethnography) meets the comparative analytical project of understanding ...
intelligent robots: the question of embodiment
intelligent robots: the question of embodiment

... field of neural information processing, has a bias towards information processing, it is becoming ever more obvious that there are two dynamics, namely the control architecture, and the environment. When integrated properly, there can be cooperation between the two, which could result in control arc ...
Notes for Aristotle`s On Soul
Notes for Aristotle`s On Soul

... Aristotle lists several parts or powers of the soul: nutritive (414b1ff); perceptive (414b2); desiring (414b3); locomotive (414b17); and understanding (414b19). Aristotle holds that the soul is a cause in three senses: what something is for (final cause); as the substance (understood as essence or f ...
1. Basics of Pedagogics. Subject and tasks of Pedagogics
1. Basics of Pedagogics. Subject and tasks of Pedagogics

... Pedagogics is a normative science with its own subject of research. The historical development of pedagogical thought shows strong relations with philosophical-anthropological principles and with historical-cultural characteristics. Education today is confronted with, among other things, postmodern ...
Preface - PhilPapers
Preface - PhilPapers

... What we have is a long tradition of inquiry – extraordinarily successful in its own terms – devoted to acquiring knowledge and technological know-how. It is this that has created the modern world, or at least made it possible. But scientific knowledge and technological know-how are ambiguous blessin ...
What kind of cognitive process is argumentation?
What kind of cognitive process is argumentation?

... Attempt at specification of functional modules – Knowledge acquisition system (not necessarily perceptual, but necessarily verbal) • Language of argumentation can be simplified or purely formal in minimal agents but shouldn't be too simple – Knowledge representation system – Argumentation module, im ...
uncorrected proof - Università degli Studi di Parma
uncorrected proof - Università degli Studi di Parma

... The discovery of mirror neurons has changed our views on the relations among action perception and cognition, and has boosted a renewed interest in the neuroscientific investigation of the social aspects of primate cognition. Experiments by Umiltà et al. (2001) showed that F5 mirror neurons are als ...
prolog - Electronics and Computer Science
prolog - Electronics and Computer Science

... • Will it ever be possible to build a complete computer model of the human brain (mind) ? • Would such a model actually understand the meaning of anything? Would it be conscious and self conscious or are these mental qualities peculiar to humans? • The strong view says: the brain is a very complicat ...
The Voice of the Turtle: Whatever Happened to AI?
The Voice of the Turtle: Whatever Happened to AI?

... Sometimes it’s useful to have a concrete example of a small, portable, physically embodied intelligence—say, for example, me. Homo sapiens does indeed stand as a compelling existence proof that machine intelligence should be possible. Unless you ascribe some sort of magical, religious, or quantum-dy ...
Proposal for Ph.D. General Exams
Proposal for Ph.D. General Exams

... have been proposed and built over the past 50 years. The technical supporting area covers techniques for machine narrative comprehension. The contextual supporting area surveys the philosophy, sociology, and psychology of social identity. ...
Social regulation of allostasis: Commentary on “Mentalizing
Social regulation of allostasis: Commentary on “Mentalizing

... two features of one experience. Even with these concerns, our view is that the hypotheses raised by Fotopoulou and Tsakiris are novel and important for three reasons. First, they contribute to the long-standing yet relevant nature vs. nurture debate. Fotopoulou and Tsakiris move the debate forward b ...
Introduction to Psychology PPT
Introduction to Psychology PPT

... favorite food, you also heard the sound of a whistle. While the whistle is unrelated to the smell of the food, if the sound of the whistle was paired multiple times with the smell, the sound would eventually trigger the conditioned response. In this case, the sound of the whistle is the conditioned ...
Neuroscience and Counseling: Central Issue for Social Justice
Neuroscience and Counseling: Central Issue for Social Justice

... 676). The bridge between biological and psychological processes is erasing the old distinction between mind and body, between mind and brain—the mind is the brain. How and why is neuroscience and cognitive science relevant to counseling practice? First, neuroscience provides research that suggests m ...
Experiments in Context and Contexting
Experiments in Context and Contexting

... in which they mobilize context in their own studies. And they have been asked to do so in a way that is empirically grounded. In her contribution, Brita Brenna starts from one historical text, Bishop Erik Pontoppidan’s mid-eighteenth century Natural History of Norway. This historical work offers a r ...
Cognition in Plants
Cognition in Plants

... benefit the living organization that exhibits these cognitive aspects. In this context, the question concerning minimal cognition is important (Beer, 2003): What is the minimal biological system to which the notion of cognition applies? We will disregard claims that make life itself a form of cognit ...
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Enactivism

Enactivism argues that cognition arises through a dynamic interaction between an acting organism and its environment. It claims that our environment is one which we selectively create through our capacities to interact with the world. ""Organisms do not passively receive information from their environments, which they then translate into internal representations. Natural cognitive systems...participate in the generation of meaning ...engaging in transformational and not merely informational interactions: they enact a world."" These authors suggest that the increasing emphasis upon enactive terminology presages a new era in thinking about cognitive science. How the actions involved in enactivism relate to age-old questions about free will remains a topic of active debate.The term 'enactivism' is close in meaning to 'enaction', defined as ""the manner in which a subject of perception creatively matches its actions to the requirements of its situation"". The introduction of the term enaction in this context is attributed to Francisco Varela, Evan Thompson, and Eleanor Rosch, who proposed the name to ""emphasize the growing conviction that cognition is not the representation of a pre-given world by a pre-given mind but is rather the enactment of a world and a mind on the basis of a history of the variety of actions that a being in the world performs"". This was further developed by Thompson and others, to place emphasis upon the idea that experience of the world is a result of mutual interaction between the sensorimotor capacities of the organism and its environment.The initial emphasis of enactivism upon sensorimotor skills has been criticized as ""cognitively marginal"", but it has been extended to apply to higher level cognitive activities, such as social interactions. ""In the enactive view,... knowledge is constructed: it is constructed by an agent through its sensorimotor interactions with its environment, co-constructed between and within living species through their meaningful interaction with each other. In its most abstract form, knowledge is co-constructed between human individuals in socio-linguistic interactions...Science is a particular form of social knowledge construction...[that] allows us to perceive and predict events beyond our immediate cognitive grasp...and also to construct further, even more powerful scientific knowledge.""Enactivism is closely related to situated cognition and embodied cognition, and is presented as an alternative to cognitivism, computationalism, and Cartesian dualism.
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