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... 21. (p. 15) Which perspective below is CORRECTLY matched with its description? A. Structuralism; emphasized what the mind does B. Functionalism; emphasized the elements of mental experience C. Humanism; emphasized the unconscious determinants of behavior D. Gestalt psychology; emphasized the organiz ...
... 21. (p. 15) Which perspective below is CORRECTLY matched with its description? A. Structuralism; emphasized what the mind does B. Functionalism; emphasized the elements of mental experience C. Humanism; emphasized the unconscious determinants of behavior D. Gestalt psychology; emphasized the organiz ...
WHAT SHOULD WE KNOW ABOUT MARIJUANA goes to ARTCLES
... associated with the use of cannabis in vulnerable individuals. Our understanding of marijuana's long-term brain effects is limited. Research findings on how chronic cannabis use affects brain structure, for example, have been inconsistent. It may be that the effects are too subtle for reliable detec ...
... associated with the use of cannabis in vulnerable individuals. Our understanding of marijuana's long-term brain effects is limited. Research findings on how chronic cannabis use affects brain structure, for example, have been inconsistent. It may be that the effects are too subtle for reliable detec ...
The Effect of Ischemia on Biogenic Amine Concentrations in
... Since function can be severely compromised while morphological changes are not immediately apparent, some physical or biochemical phenomenon must be responsible for the dysfunction. Because biogenic amines are both neurotransmitters and have potent vasoactive properties, for many years there has bee ...
... Since function can be severely compromised while morphological changes are not immediately apparent, some physical or biochemical phenomenon must be responsible for the dysfunction. Because biogenic amines are both neurotransmitters and have potent vasoactive properties, for many years there has bee ...
Applauding with Closed Hands: Neural Signature of Action
... coupling of motor mechanisms and action-sentence comprehension. When both processes are concurrent, the action sentence primes the actual movement, and simultaneously, the action affects comprehension. The aim of the present study was to investigate brain markers of bidirectional impact of language ...
... coupling of motor mechanisms and action-sentence comprehension. When both processes are concurrent, the action sentence primes the actual movement, and simultaneously, the action affects comprehension. The aim of the present study was to investigate brain markers of bidirectional impact of language ...
Electrical stimulation of neural tissue to evoke behavioral responses
... neural tissue mediating behaviors such as eating (Olds, 1958), self-stimulation (Wise, 1972; Fouriezos and Wise, 1984; Milner and Laferriere, 1986), and circling behavior (Yeomans et al., 1984, 1986). The method used by Fouriezos and Wise (1984) and further developed by Yeomans et al. (1986) is now ...
... neural tissue mediating behaviors such as eating (Olds, 1958), self-stimulation (Wise, 1972; Fouriezos and Wise, 1984; Milner and Laferriere, 1986), and circling behavior (Yeomans et al., 1984, 1986). The method used by Fouriezos and Wise (1984) and further developed by Yeomans et al. (1986) is now ...
Galanin in Alzheimer s disease: Neuroinhibitory or neuroprotective?
... region during the prodromal or early stages of AD [38]. Taken together, these findings indicate that GAL fiber and receptor overexpression occurs within the anterior portion of the NB during the late stage of AD when CBF neuron degeneration is advanced. There is evidence for GAL plasticity in other ...
... region during the prodromal or early stages of AD [38]. Taken together, these findings indicate that GAL fiber and receptor overexpression occurs within the anterior portion of the NB during the late stage of AD when CBF neuron degeneration is advanced. There is evidence for GAL plasticity in other ...
Executive function and PTSD: Disengaging from trauma Robin L. Aupperle
... E-mail address: raupperle@ucsd.edu (R.L. Aupperle). ...
... E-mail address: raupperle@ucsd.edu (R.L. Aupperle). ...
The Neurobehavioral Nature of Fishes and the
... region devoted to the control of the fingers and thumb. This degree of functional expansion is not present in species having forepaws rather than hands, opposable thumbs, and the associated manual dexterity of humans (Allman, 1999; Kandel et al., 2000). Even though the neurostructural basis for some ...
... region devoted to the control of the fingers and thumb. This degree of functional expansion is not present in species having forepaws rather than hands, opposable thumbs, and the associated manual dexterity of humans (Allman, 1999; Kandel et al., 2000). Even though the neurostructural basis for some ...
chapter 4 the evolution of body, brain, behavior, and mind in
... life in the water as tadpoles, with tails used for swimming and gills for breathing. They do not develop functional lungs until they have metamorphosed. Moreover, lacking a diaphragm, the amphibian lung is a less efficient air exchange apparatus than the lungs of higher vertebrates. Amphibians rely ...
... life in the water as tadpoles, with tails used for swimming and gills for breathing. They do not develop functional lungs until they have metamorphosed. Moreover, lacking a diaphragm, the amphibian lung is a less efficient air exchange apparatus than the lungs of higher vertebrates. Amphibians rely ...
A Review of Cell Assemblies by Huyck and
... Hebb’s CA hypothesis (Hebb, 1949) states that a CA is a collection of neurons that is the brain’s mechanism for representing a concept. This hypothesis ties neuro-biology to psychology in that the collection of neurons is a neuro-biological entity, and the concept that they support is a psychologica ...
... Hebb’s CA hypothesis (Hebb, 1949) states that a CA is a collection of neurons that is the brain’s mechanism for representing a concept. This hypothesis ties neuro-biology to psychology in that the collection of neurons is a neuro-biological entity, and the concept that they support is a psychologica ...
Methods of Studying The Nervous System
... • EEG can be used to study brain activity in real time, in response to specific events. These are called evoked potentials • Usually many evoked potentials are used to generate an averaged evoked potential in order to reduce the noise of the background EEG activity Pinel's Biopsychology, 5th Ed. ...
... • EEG can be used to study brain activity in real time, in response to specific events. These are called evoked potentials • Usually many evoked potentials are used to generate an averaged evoked potential in order to reduce the noise of the background EEG activity Pinel's Biopsychology, 5th Ed. ...
emotional learning: a computational model of the amygdala
... learning model proposed by Grossberg (1987) is also an instance of the two-process idea. The goal of the present work is to show that ¢ndings from neurophysiology can be used to give new insights into the emotional process in a two-process model. Our aim is to show how data from learning theory comb ...
... learning model proposed by Grossberg (1987) is also an instance of the two-process idea. The goal of the present work is to show that ¢ndings from neurophysiology can be used to give new insights into the emotional process in a two-process model. Our aim is to show how data from learning theory comb ...
Brain Oscillations Control Timing of Single
... Neurosciences, Semel Institute, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90095, 4Division of Neurosurgery and Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, ...
... Neurosciences, Semel Institute, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90095, 4Division of Neurosurgery and Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, ...
Document
... – Involved in language processing to enable particular sequences of sound to be identified and comprehended as meaningful words – Damage Wernicke's area leads to receptive or sensory aphasia which is primarily a difficulty in understanding language ...
... – Involved in language processing to enable particular sequences of sound to be identified and comprehended as meaningful words – Damage Wernicke's area leads to receptive or sensory aphasia which is primarily a difficulty in understanding language ...
Emerging role of the brain in the homeostatic regulation of
... In normal individuals, food intake and energy expenditure are tightly regulated by homeostatic mechanisms to maintain energy balance. Substantial evidence indicates that the brain, particularly the hypothalamus, is primarily responsible for the regulation of energy homeostasis.1 The brain monitors c ...
... In normal individuals, food intake and energy expenditure are tightly regulated by homeostatic mechanisms to maintain energy balance. Substantial evidence indicates that the brain, particularly the hypothalamus, is primarily responsible for the regulation of energy homeostasis.1 The brain monitors c ...
Lorazepam dose-dependently decreases risk-taking
... control over decisions compared to gains) is a pervasive human norm, i.e., individuals when making a decision are more strongly influenced by the potential of losses associated with an action than by the potential of gains. In other words, from a normative perspective, individuals tend to be riskave ...
... control over decisions compared to gains) is a pervasive human norm, i.e., individuals when making a decision are more strongly influenced by the potential of losses associated with an action than by the potential of gains. In other words, from a normative perspective, individuals tend to be riskave ...
primary motor cortex
... When you have one of your mandibular teeth worked on at the dentist and he gives you a shot to deaden half of your mouth, what division of the nervous system is being affected by the lidocaine? 2. What do you think it’s mode of action is? ...
... When you have one of your mandibular teeth worked on at the dentist and he gives you a shot to deaden half of your mouth, what division of the nervous system is being affected by the lidocaine? 2. What do you think it’s mode of action is? ...
Nancy A. O`Rourke Nicholas C. Weiler Kristina D
... the specific expression of a glutamate receptor subtype in this population. The authors identified 60 highly enriched proteins, some of which were not seen in heterogenous synapse purifications and may be specific to this synapse type 12. Future studies such as this will greatly contribute to a bett ...
... the specific expression of a glutamate receptor subtype in this population. The authors identified 60 highly enriched proteins, some of which were not seen in heterogenous synapse purifications and may be specific to this synapse type 12. Future studies such as this will greatly contribute to a bett ...
Soltis Autism: a Spectrum of Research Abby Soltis Final Draft Senior
... correlation between glutamate levels could be found, perhaps due to the small sample size (Purcell et al., 2001). Glutamate receptors are located in the cerebellum and hippocampus. Both regions, which have been repeatedly implicated as containing abnormalities in autistic brains (Purcell et al., 200 ...
... correlation between glutamate levels could be found, perhaps due to the small sample size (Purcell et al., 2001). Glutamate receptors are located in the cerebellum and hippocampus. Both regions, which have been repeatedly implicated as containing abnormalities in autistic brains (Purcell et al., 200 ...
Are mesopontine cholinergic neurons either necessary or sufficient
... Brainstem cholinergic neurons and the reticular activating system upon the hypothesis that cholinergic neuronal activity is necessary for EEG desynchrony. In fact, the most parsimonious interpretation is that either (1) activation of mesopontine cholinergic neurons is not functionally related to EE ...
... Brainstem cholinergic neurons and the reticular activating system upon the hypothesis that cholinergic neuronal activity is necessary for EEG desynchrony. In fact, the most parsimonious interpretation is that either (1) activation of mesopontine cholinergic neurons is not functionally related to EE ...
Representation in the Human Brain of Food Texture and Oral Fat
... increasing prevalence of obesity, and the health risks, including those arising from coronary heart disease and diabetes that are associated with obesity (Criqui et al., 1993). Very little is known of the representation of oral texture, including oral fat in the human sensory pathways and brain. Stu ...
... increasing prevalence of obesity, and the health risks, including those arising from coronary heart disease and diabetes that are associated with obesity (Criqui et al., 1993). Very little is known of the representation of oral texture, including oral fat in the human sensory pathways and brain. Stu ...
CEREBRAL CORTEX - Global Anatomy Home Page
... sensory-motor areas is similarly blurred. This is exemplified by the secondary sensory and motor areas that are closely associated with a particular sensory modality or motor cortex, but whose functions are clearly more complex and “global” in nature than the primary areas. Most of what is presently ...
... sensory-motor areas is similarly blurred. This is exemplified by the secondary sensory and motor areas that are closely associated with a particular sensory modality or motor cortex, but whose functions are clearly more complex and “global” in nature than the primary areas. Most of what is presently ...
Technology Insight: noninvasive brain stimulation in neurology
... than does total infarct volume.37 Reduced sensorimotor cortex activation volume during finger movement is associated with poorer outcome,38 whereas an enlargement of the primary motor cortex area for the hand, as defined by TMS,39,40 correlates with better motor outcome. Studies in animals41 and hum ...
... than does total infarct volume.37 Reduced sensorimotor cortex activation volume during finger movement is associated with poorer outcome,38 whereas an enlargement of the primary motor cortex area for the hand, as defined by TMS,39,40 correlates with better motor outcome. Studies in animals41 and hum ...
Cognitive neuroscience
Cognitive neuroscience is an academic field concerned with the scientific study of biological substrates underlying cognition, with a specific focus on the neural substrates of mental processes. It addresses the questions of how psychological/cognitive functions are produced by neural circuits in the brain. Cognitive neuroscience is a branch of both psychology and neuroscience, overlapping with disciplines such as physiological psychology, cognitive psychology, and neuropsychology. Cognitive neuroscience relies upon theories in cognitive science coupled with evidence from neuropsychology, and computational modeling.Due to its multidisciplinary nature, cognitive neuroscientists may have various backgrounds. Other than the associated disciplines just mentioned, cognitive neuroscientists may have backgrounds in neurobiology, bioengineering, psychiatry, neurology, physics, computer science, linguistics, philosophy, and mathematics.Methods employed in cognitive neuroscience include experimental paradigms from psychophysics and cognitive psychology, functional neuroimaging, electrophysiology, cognitive genomics, and behavioral genetics. Studies of patients with cognitive deficits due to brain lesions constitute an important aspect of cognitive neuroscience. Theoretical approaches include computational neuroscience and cognitive psychology.Cognitive neuroscience can look at the effects of damage to the brain and subsequent changes in the thought processes due to changes in neural circuitry resulting from the ensued damage. Also, cognitive abilities based on brain development is studied and examined under the subfield of developmental cognitive neuroscience.