Hemispheric asymmetries of cortical volume in the human brain
... et al., 2007) characterized by the right frontal and left occipital protrusions, whose possible relationship to any functional asymmetries remains unclear. Regional hemispheric asymmetries both in cortical thickness (Luders et al., 2006) and volume (Good et al., 2001), both in gray and white matter ...
... et al., 2007) characterized by the right frontal and left occipital protrusions, whose possible relationship to any functional asymmetries remains unclear. Regional hemispheric asymmetries both in cortical thickness (Luders et al., 2006) and volume (Good et al., 2001), both in gray and white matter ...
Altered neural reward and loss processing and
... neural responses during anticipation and receipt of gains and losses and related PE-signals. Additionally, we assessed the relationship between neural responsivity during gain/loss processing and hedonic capacity. When compared with healthy controls, depressed individuals showed reduced fronto-stria ...
... neural responses during anticipation and receipt of gains and losses and related PE-signals. Additionally, we assessed the relationship between neural responsivity during gain/loss processing and hedonic capacity. When compared with healthy controls, depressed individuals showed reduced fronto-stria ...
PDF
... In parallel with evolutionary changes in connectivity of corticocortical network, significant changes appear in the organization of GABAergic network. This network acts as intrinsic modulator of cortical output since it is composed of local circuit neurons (interneurons; DeFelipe et al., 2013). Numer ...
... In parallel with evolutionary changes in connectivity of corticocortical network, significant changes appear in the organization of GABAergic network. This network acts as intrinsic modulator of cortical output since it is composed of local circuit neurons (interneurons; DeFelipe et al., 2013). Numer ...
BRAIN DYNAMICS AT MULTIPLE SCALES: CAN ONE RECONCILE
... coupled systems have been studied extensively for the last decades and is still a matter of intense investigation. In particular, for network of simplified neurons, as the spin-glass models, mean-field theories have proven the existence of stable chaotic attractors [Sompolinsky et al., 1988; van Vrees ...
... coupled systems have been studied extensively for the last decades and is still a matter of intense investigation. In particular, for network of simplified neurons, as the spin-glass models, mean-field theories have proven the existence of stable chaotic attractors [Sompolinsky et al., 1988; van Vrees ...
Lillienfeld: Chapter 3 lecture PowerPoint
... Figure 3.3 The Action Potential. When a neuron is at rest there are positive and negative ions on both sides of the membrane. During an action potential, positive ions rush in and then out of the axon. This process recurs along the axon until the axon terminal releases neurotransmitters. ...
... Figure 3.3 The Action Potential. When a neuron is at rest there are positive and negative ions on both sides of the membrane. During an action potential, positive ions rush in and then out of the axon. This process recurs along the axon until the axon terminal releases neurotransmitters. ...
Supplementary Information (doc 2155K)
... Anatomically Defining the Ce Seed in Children The Ce seed for the pediatric functional connectivity analysis was anatomically defined using techniques similar to those previously described by our group14. Here, the location of the Ce region-of-interest (ROI) was manually prescribed by one of the aut ...
... Anatomically Defining the Ce Seed in Children The Ce seed for the pediatric functional connectivity analysis was anatomically defined using techniques similar to those previously described by our group14. Here, the location of the Ce region-of-interest (ROI) was manually prescribed by one of the aut ...
Temporal Plasticity Involved in Recovery from Manual Dexterity
... with dental acrylic. ICMS was conducted under ketamine anesthesia, with the rate of ketamine infusion adjusted to maintain relatively stable anesthesia. A flexible tungsten microelectrode (MicroProbe) was advanced perpendicular to the cortical surface to a depth of 5–15 mm at intervals of 500 m by ...
... with dental acrylic. ICMS was conducted under ketamine anesthesia, with the rate of ketamine infusion adjusted to maintain relatively stable anesthesia. A flexible tungsten microelectrode (MicroProbe) was advanced perpendicular to the cortical surface to a depth of 5–15 mm at intervals of 500 m by ...
1 - Projeto Andar de Novo
... Anatomy Department of the Biology Institute, UNICAMP, Campinas Glatiramer acetate (GA) has been indicated for reduction of the frequency of the relapses in patients with remittent/recurrent multiple sclerosis. Although effective, the GA’s therapeutic mechanism(s) is (are) not totally clear. However, ...
... Anatomy Department of the Biology Institute, UNICAMP, Campinas Glatiramer acetate (GA) has been indicated for reduction of the frequency of the relapses in patients with remittent/recurrent multiple sclerosis. Although effective, the GA’s therapeutic mechanism(s) is (are) not totally clear. However, ...
Words in the Brain`s Language
... Table 1: Associative synaptic learning according to a Hebbian coincidence rule Electrophysiological studies have demonstrated that many cortical and subcortical neurons being frequently active at the same time strengthen their connections. If a neuron, call it L, sends one connection to a second neu ...
... Table 1: Associative synaptic learning according to a Hebbian coincidence rule Electrophysiological studies have demonstrated that many cortical and subcortical neurons being frequently active at the same time strengthen their connections. If a neuron, call it L, sends one connection to a second neu ...
Viral vector-based tools advance knowledge of basal ganglia
... impairments occur later in the disease and are thought to be due to neuronal degeneration (Estrada-Sánchez and Rebec 2013). HD causes selective degeneration of striatal MSNs due to nuclear inclusions and cytosolic aggregation of the huntingtin protein (Ramaswamy et al. 2007; Southwell and Patterson ...
... impairments occur later in the disease and are thought to be due to neuronal degeneration (Estrada-Sánchez and Rebec 2013). HD causes selective degeneration of striatal MSNs due to nuclear inclusions and cytosolic aggregation of the huntingtin protein (Ramaswamy et al. 2007; Southwell and Patterson ...
Nitric Oxide Synthase Protein and mRNA Are
... for NOS and NADPH diaphorase in virtually every brain area examined (Figure 3B). ...
... for NOS and NADPH diaphorase in virtually every brain area examined (Figure 3B). ...
Stop Using Introspection to Gather Data for the Design of... Modeling and Spatial Assistance
... suggested. In contrast, many experimental findings from the contributor’s own laboratory and from other groups (I apologize that I have cited only just a few in this paper), draw a reasonably consistent picture that seems to be emerging across a number of different experimental paradigms and computa ...
... suggested. In contrast, many experimental findings from the contributor’s own laboratory and from other groups (I apologize that I have cited only just a few in this paper), draw a reasonably consistent picture that seems to be emerging across a number of different experimental paradigms and computa ...
Edwards Amy Edwards FYS 11/04/2011 Follow Your Dreams
... serotonin and norepinephrine that keep some parts of the brain active while we are awake. Other neurons at the base of the brain begin signaling when we fall asleep. These neurons appear to "switch off" the signals that keep us awake. Research also suggests that a chemical called adenosine builds up ...
... serotonin and norepinephrine that keep some parts of the brain active while we are awake. Other neurons at the base of the brain begin signaling when we fall asleep. These neurons appear to "switch off" the signals that keep us awake. Research also suggests that a chemical called adenosine builds up ...
Three key sequences HDEV
... Regardless of the cause or causes, feeding problems are central. As in Haley’s case, infants are more likely to be described as variable eaters and less often as hungry (Wright & Birks, 2000). FTT is linked not only to slow physical growth but also to cognitive, behavioral, and emotional problems (S ...
... Regardless of the cause or causes, feeding problems are central. As in Haley’s case, infants are more likely to be described as variable eaters and less often as hungry (Wright & Birks, 2000). FTT is linked not only to slow physical growth but also to cognitive, behavioral, and emotional problems (S ...
Chapter 12 PowerPoint - Hillsborough Community College
... • Functional imaging (PET and MRI) of brain show specific motor and sensory functions are located in discrete cortical areas called domains – Higher functions are spread over many areas ...
... • Functional imaging (PET and MRI) of brain show specific motor and sensory functions are located in discrete cortical areas called domains – Higher functions are spread over many areas ...
PDF
... The primary brain structures of reward processing are mainly situated in the mid-brain dopamine system. The nucleus accumbens (NAc) receives dopaminergic projections from the ventral tegmental area and works as a key brain region for the positive incentive value of rewards. Because neurokinin-1 (NK1 ...
... The primary brain structures of reward processing are mainly situated in the mid-brain dopamine system. The nucleus accumbens (NAc) receives dopaminergic projections from the ventral tegmental area and works as a key brain region for the positive incentive value of rewards. Because neurokinin-1 (NK1 ...
The effects of normal aging on myelin and nerve fibers: A review
... they occur in material from both young and old monkeys, and their frequency increases as the quality of preservation of tissue decreases. Where the shearing defects occur the myelin lamellae separate to produce a bulge (see Peters et al., 2000). Having established that shearing defects are due to po ...
... they occur in material from both young and old monkeys, and their frequency increases as the quality of preservation of tissue decreases. Where the shearing defects occur the myelin lamellae separate to produce a bulge (see Peters et al., 2000). Having established that shearing defects are due to po ...
Mirror neuron functioning: an explanation for
... the cue for this movement was the observation of another individual making this same movement. Results indeed show this increase; after comparing the different executive groups it was concluded that the imitation task accounted for larger signal intensity than the non-imitative groups in the left in ...
... the cue for this movement was the observation of another individual making this same movement. Results indeed show this increase; after comparing the different executive groups it was concluded that the imitation task accounted for larger signal intensity than the non-imitative groups in the left in ...
Generation of Rapid Eye Movements during Paradoxical Sleep in
... closely relates to the occurrence of the so-called pontogeniculo-occipital (PGO) waves (Mouret et al., 1963). PGO waves are prominent phasic bioelectrical potentials which occur in isolation or in bursts during the transition from slow wave sleep (SWS) to PS or during PS itself (for reviews, see Cal ...
... closely relates to the occurrence of the so-called pontogeniculo-occipital (PGO) waves (Mouret et al., 1963). PGO waves are prominent phasic bioelectrical potentials which occur in isolation or in bursts during the transition from slow wave sleep (SWS) to PS or during PS itself (for reviews, see Cal ...
Locally evoked potentials in slices of the rat nucleus - UvA-DARE
... brain area is of special interest since this receptor mediates induction of long-term potentiation in the h i p p o c a m p u s 7"23'4°. As yet it is u n k n o w n whether it is involved in synaptic plasticity in the A c b as well. In the h i p p o c a m p u s , substantial N M D A receptor activity ...
... brain area is of special interest since this receptor mediates induction of long-term potentiation in the h i p p o c a m p u s 7"23'4°. As yet it is u n k n o w n whether it is involved in synaptic plasticity in the A c b as well. In the h i p p o c a m p u s , substantial N M D A receptor activity ...
University of Groningen The hearing brain in males and
... in regions of the brain. Gall thought he could determine the relative sizes of cortical areas and hence the differential mental faculties from the size and shape of the skull. The Catholic Church considered his craniology (later termed phrenology) as contrary to religion (that the mind, created by G ...
... in regions of the brain. Gall thought he could determine the relative sizes of cortical areas and hence the differential mental faculties from the size and shape of the skull. The Catholic Church considered his craniology (later termed phrenology) as contrary to religion (that the mind, created by G ...
Severe Reduction of Rat Defensive Behavior to a Predator by
... responses resembling the behavior of animals facing natural threats have now been obtained from a number of hypothalamic medial zone sites [34]. However, a great deal remains to be learned about the functional role of these centers, and about how they are integrated into neural systems or circuits s ...
... responses resembling the behavior of animals facing natural threats have now been obtained from a number of hypothalamic medial zone sites [34]. However, a great deal remains to be learned about the functional role of these centers, and about how they are integrated into neural systems or circuits s ...
Anatomical organization of the central olfactory
... implies the importance of chemosensation. Due to their well-developed sense of smell and easily accessible nervous system, moths have served as suitable model organisms for researchers exploring general principles underlying odor information processing. Like in other insects, moths perceive odorants ...
... implies the importance of chemosensation. Due to their well-developed sense of smell and easily accessible nervous system, moths have served as suitable model organisms for researchers exploring general principles underlying odor information processing. Like in other insects, moths perceive odorants ...
C6.4 PPT - Destiny High School
... • The left and right cerebral hemispheres are collectively referred to as the cerebrum, which makes up the largest portion of the brain. – cerebral cortex – the outer surface of the cerebrum • Gyrus – the brain surface is not smooth. Each of the curved, raised areas are called gyrus. • Sulcus – each ...
... • The left and right cerebral hemispheres are collectively referred to as the cerebrum, which makes up the largest portion of the brain. – cerebral cortex – the outer surface of the cerebrum • Gyrus – the brain surface is not smooth. Each of the curved, raised areas are called gyrus. • Sulcus – each ...
Cognitive neuroscience
Cognitive neuroscience is an academic field concerned with the scientific study of biological substrates underlying cognition, with a specific focus on the neural substrates of mental processes. It addresses the questions of how psychological/cognitive functions are produced by neural circuits in the brain. Cognitive neuroscience is a branch of both psychology and neuroscience, overlapping with disciplines such as physiological psychology, cognitive psychology, and neuropsychology. Cognitive neuroscience relies upon theories in cognitive science coupled with evidence from neuropsychology, and computational modeling.Due to its multidisciplinary nature, cognitive neuroscientists may have various backgrounds. Other than the associated disciplines just mentioned, cognitive neuroscientists may have backgrounds in neurobiology, bioengineering, psychiatry, neurology, physics, computer science, linguistics, philosophy, and mathematics.Methods employed in cognitive neuroscience include experimental paradigms from psychophysics and cognitive psychology, functional neuroimaging, electrophysiology, cognitive genomics, and behavioral genetics. Studies of patients with cognitive deficits due to brain lesions constitute an important aspect of cognitive neuroscience. Theoretical approaches include computational neuroscience and cognitive psychology.Cognitive neuroscience can look at the effects of damage to the brain and subsequent changes in the thought processes due to changes in neural circuitry resulting from the ensued damage. Also, cognitive abilities based on brain development is studied and examined under the subfield of developmental cognitive neuroscience.