The role of the medial frontal cortex in the
... We examined whether people maintain emotional states actively, with explicit elaboration of the emotion, or passively, without elaboration. Twentyfour participants completed an emotion maintenance task in which they either maintained the emotional intensity from the first picture of a pair to co ...
... We examined whether people maintain emotional states actively, with explicit elaboration of the emotion, or passively, without elaboration. Twentyfour participants completed an emotion maintenance task in which they either maintained the emotional intensity from the first picture of a pair to co ...
pain and emotion interactions in subregions of the cingulate gyrus
... according to two cognitive domains3. The sensorydiscriminative domain involves stimulus localization and intensity, which can be assessed in a number of ways, including using the visual analogue scale, whereas the affective-motivational domain involves the affective component of pain, which can be m ...
... according to two cognitive domains3. The sensorydiscriminative domain involves stimulus localization and intensity, which can be assessed in a number of ways, including using the visual analogue scale, whereas the affective-motivational domain involves the affective component of pain, which can be m ...
Reward-Related Responses in the Human Striatum
... experimental designs. For instance, although activation of the striatum was observed in a video game where rewards were present,33 it is difficult to assess what the signal is due to (i.e., anticipation, delivery, or even magnitude of rewards). Thus, it was imperative for new designs to isolate spec ...
... experimental designs. For instance, although activation of the striatum was observed in a video game where rewards were present,33 it is difficult to assess what the signal is due to (i.e., anticipation, delivery, or even magnitude of rewards). Thus, it was imperative for new designs to isolate spec ...
The role of the medial frontal cortex in the maintenance of emotional
... We examined whether people maintain emotional states actively, with explicit elaboration of the emotion, or passively, without elaboration. Twentyfour participants completed an emotion maintenance task in which they either maintained the emotional intensity from the first picture of a pair to co ...
... We examined whether people maintain emotional states actively, with explicit elaboration of the emotion, or passively, without elaboration. Twentyfour participants completed an emotion maintenance task in which they either maintained the emotional intensity from the first picture of a pair to co ...
The Effects of Short-term and Long-term Learning on the Responses
... mainly used for stimulus and unit selection. We will briefly report some results from these tasks, but our focus here will be on the main task, an active shape–saccade association task (see below). Location selectivity mapping task. In the location selectivity mapping task, a yellow fixation square ...
... mainly used for stimulus and unit selection. We will briefly report some results from these tasks, but our focus here will be on the main task, an active shape–saccade association task (see below). Location selectivity mapping task. In the location selectivity mapping task, a yellow fixation square ...
Central Nervous System (CNS) The Brain Embryonic Development
... • Central core of the forebrain • Consists of three paired structures – thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus • Encloses the third ventricle ...
... • Central core of the forebrain • Consists of three paired structures – thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus • Encloses the third ventricle ...
Morphology of Feedback Neurons in the Mushroom Body of the
... neurons per class were not determined, because such estimates are unreliable and can be misleading. This is due to the fact that, depending on the pipette position, one group of neurons may incorporate more cobalt ions than another or one group may be stained more homogeneously than the other. In ad ...
... neurons per class were not determined, because such estimates are unreliable and can be misleading. This is due to the fact that, depending on the pipette position, one group of neurons may incorporate more cobalt ions than another or one group may be stained more homogeneously than the other. In ad ...
MUSIC PERCEPTION AND COGNITION
... selection of five to seven categories from the tonal material to be used in a melody. In Western classical music, this corresponds to the selection of the seven notes of a major or minor scale, derived by a cycle of [2, 2, 1, 2, 2, 2, 1] semitones for the major (e.g. C D E F G A B C) and [2, 1, 2, 2 ...
... selection of five to seven categories from the tonal material to be used in a melody. In Western classical music, this corresponds to the selection of the seven notes of a major or minor scale, derived by a cycle of [2, 2, 1, 2, 2, 2, 1] semitones for the major (e.g. C D E F G A B C) and [2, 1, 2, 2 ...
Effect of transcutaneous acupoint electrical stimulation on propofol
... Background: Transcutaneous acupoint electrical stimulation (TAES) as a needleless acupuncture has the same effect like traditional manual acupuncture. The combination of TAES and anesthesia has been proved valid in enhancing the anesthetic effects but its mechanisms are still not clear. Methods: In ...
... Background: Transcutaneous acupoint electrical stimulation (TAES) as a needleless acupuncture has the same effect like traditional manual acupuncture. The combination of TAES and anesthesia has been proved valid in enhancing the anesthetic effects but its mechanisms are still not clear. Methods: In ...
Bissonette Gregory B, Gentry Ronny N, Padmala Srikanth, Pessoa L
... review recent rodent, monkey, and human research that address these issues. Further development of this area will be fundamental to understanding the etiology behind human psychiatric diseases and cultivating more effective treatments. Keywords: reward processing, salience, value encoding, appetitiv ...
... review recent rodent, monkey, and human research that address these issues. Further development of this area will be fundamental to understanding the etiology behind human psychiatric diseases and cultivating more effective treatments. Keywords: reward processing, salience, value encoding, appetitiv ...
Role of the Basal Ganglia in the Control of Purposive - lsr
... globus pallidus, substantia nigra, and subthalamic nucleus (STN).1 The globus pallidus is further divided into the external segment (GPe) and the internal segment (GPi); the substantia nigra is divided into the pars reticulata (SNr) and pars compacta (SNc). The CD and PUT are the two input stations, ...
... globus pallidus, substantia nigra, and subthalamic nucleus (STN).1 The globus pallidus is further divided into the external segment (GPe) and the internal segment (GPi); the substantia nigra is divided into the pars reticulata (SNr) and pars compacta (SNc). The CD and PUT are the two input stations, ...
Mapping Pavlovian Conditioning Effects on the Brain: Blocking
... the tone are “blocked” in subjects with a history of light-shock pairings. This blocking phenomenon has been regarded as one of the most significant observations in Pavlovian conditioning (Fanselow 1998). In addition, recent findings (Jones et al. 1997) showing that schizophrenics lack the developme ...
... the tone are “blocked” in subjects with a history of light-shock pairings. This blocking phenomenon has been regarded as one of the most significant observations in Pavlovian conditioning (Fanselow 1998). In addition, recent findings (Jones et al. 1997) showing that schizophrenics lack the developme ...
PDF - Kalina Christoff
... Harris et al., 2016). We summarize this research in Table 1, including the general stage(s) of the psychedelic experience each study investigated (note that we primarily include studies that investigated neur ...
... Harris et al., 2016). We summarize this research in Table 1, including the general stage(s) of the psychedelic experience each study investigated (note that we primarily include studies that investigated neur ...
hoofdstuk 8 - VU-dare
... reported in antisocial populations (Newman et al., 2010; Bjork et al., 2010a). Certain RSNs may carry special relevance for psychopathy. First, the default mode network (DMN), which consists mainly of the PCC and precuneus, the inferior parietal cortices, and dorsal and ventral areas of the medial p ...
... reported in antisocial populations (Newman et al., 2010; Bjork et al., 2010a). Certain RSNs may carry special relevance for psychopathy. First, the default mode network (DMN), which consists mainly of the PCC and precuneus, the inferior parietal cortices, and dorsal and ventral areas of the medial p ...
Cation-Chloride Cotransporters and Neuronal Function
... GABAA and glycine receptors, CCCs also show close interactions with glutamatergic signaling. A crosstalk among CCCs and trophic factors is important in short-term and long-term modification of neuronal properties. CCCs appear to be multifunctional proteins that are also involved in shaping neuronal ...
... GABAA and glycine receptors, CCCs also show close interactions with glutamatergic signaling. A crosstalk among CCCs and trophic factors is important in short-term and long-term modification of neuronal properties. CCCs appear to be multifunctional proteins that are also involved in shaping neuronal ...
Folie 1
... – “multilayer networks can approximate any function arbitrarily well” [Trappenberg] – “information is frequently mapped between different representations” [Trappenberg] – mapping of one representation to another can be seen as a function ...
... – “multilayer networks can approximate any function arbitrarily well” [Trappenberg] – “information is frequently mapped between different representations” [Trappenberg] – mapping of one representation to another can be seen as a function ...
PROGRAMME and ABSTRACTS
... (Dementia and Depression – whether the senescence has to look like that?) Introduced by: Teresa Zalewska ...
... (Dementia and Depression – whether the senescence has to look like that?) Introduced by: Teresa Zalewska ...
19 CORTICAL PROJECTIONS FROM TWO PRESTRIATE AREAS IN
... strips outside (anterior to) area 19 and that a third, separate, field receives a small projection (anterior part of prelunate gyrus in upper area 18 lesions, anterior bank of inferior occipital sulcus in lower area 18 lesions). A small projection also appears to exist from the region of representat ...
... strips outside (anterior to) area 19 and that a third, separate, field receives a small projection (anterior part of prelunate gyrus in upper area 18 lesions, anterior bank of inferior occipital sulcus in lower area 18 lesions). A small projection also appears to exist from the region of representat ...
This article was originally published in the
... motor responses. For example, in a Stroop task, subjects must mediate between the habitual tendency to read the word and the instructed task of naming the color in which the word is printed (Figure 2(a)). When the word and the color are incongruent, these two responses conflict with each other. Conf ...
... motor responses. For example, in a Stroop task, subjects must mediate between the habitual tendency to read the word and the instructed task of naming the color in which the word is printed (Figure 2(a)). When the word and the color are incongruent, these two responses conflict with each other. Conf ...
Topical Review
... with larger stroke and/or poorer overall recovery.12,13 Areas of cortical remapping in the stroke hemisphere undergo an expansion in cortical thickness14 that is reminiscent of the dendritic sprouting and increase in cortical volume in areas that mediate recovery of function in ischemic lesions in a ...
... with larger stroke and/or poorer overall recovery.12,13 Areas of cortical remapping in the stroke hemisphere undergo an expansion in cortical thickness14 that is reminiscent of the dendritic sprouting and increase in cortical volume in areas that mediate recovery of function in ischemic lesions in a ...
connections of the cerebral cortex
... broadens. Its caudal end is half way through a series of transverse sections of the cerebrum. Those investigators who have identified functional cortical areas exclusively on the basis of cell studies might have made their analogies better if they had given more attention to connections. The extent ...
... broadens. Its caudal end is half way through a series of transverse sections of the cerebrum. Those investigators who have identified functional cortical areas exclusively on the basis of cell studies might have made their analogies better if they had given more attention to connections. The extent ...
Mouse Nerve Growth Factor Prevents Degeneration of Axotomized
... nucleus of the DBB. The horizontal dashed line, which passes through the border of the middle with the lower third of the nucleus accumbens, demarcates the MSN from the nucleus of the DBB. b. In this mane. the MSN is readilv seoarated from the nucleus of the DBB (horizontal dashed Zine). c, In this ...
... nucleus of the DBB. The horizontal dashed line, which passes through the border of the middle with the lower third of the nucleus accumbens, demarcates the MSN from the nucleus of the DBB. b. In this mane. the MSN is readilv seoarated from the nucleus of the DBB (horizontal dashed Zine). c, In this ...
Plasticity during stroke recovery: from synapse to behaviour
... is formed during development and is later sculpted by activity. However, it has been shown that the neurons that contribute to complex functions, such as a memory trace or engram, are not localized in a single brain region but are distributed throughout the cortex 27. Therefore, despite its defined ...
... is formed during development and is later sculpted by activity. However, it has been shown that the neurons that contribute to complex functions, such as a memory trace or engram, are not localized in a single brain region but are distributed throughout the cortex 27. Therefore, despite its defined ...
this publication in PDF format
... see Bigand, Parncutt, & Lerdahl, 1996). In other words, after a C-major chord, an F# chord creates more sensory dissonance than a G-major chord. For this reason, the F# chord will sound more surprising in this context than a G-major chord. In Western music, the second main factor that governs harmon ...
... see Bigand, Parncutt, & Lerdahl, 1996). In other words, after a C-major chord, an F# chord creates more sensory dissonance than a G-major chord. For this reason, the F# chord will sound more surprising in this context than a G-major chord. In Western music, the second main factor that governs harmon ...
Cognitive neuroscience
Cognitive neuroscience is an academic field concerned with the scientific study of biological substrates underlying cognition, with a specific focus on the neural substrates of mental processes. It addresses the questions of how psychological/cognitive functions are produced by neural circuits in the brain. Cognitive neuroscience is a branch of both psychology and neuroscience, overlapping with disciplines such as physiological psychology, cognitive psychology, and neuropsychology. Cognitive neuroscience relies upon theories in cognitive science coupled with evidence from neuropsychology, and computational modeling.Due to its multidisciplinary nature, cognitive neuroscientists may have various backgrounds. Other than the associated disciplines just mentioned, cognitive neuroscientists may have backgrounds in neurobiology, bioengineering, psychiatry, neurology, physics, computer science, linguistics, philosophy, and mathematics.Methods employed in cognitive neuroscience include experimental paradigms from psychophysics and cognitive psychology, functional neuroimaging, electrophysiology, cognitive genomics, and behavioral genetics. Studies of patients with cognitive deficits due to brain lesions constitute an important aspect of cognitive neuroscience. Theoretical approaches include computational neuroscience and cognitive psychology.Cognitive neuroscience can look at the effects of damage to the brain and subsequent changes in the thought processes due to changes in neural circuitry resulting from the ensued damage. Also, cognitive abilities based on brain development is studied and examined under the subfield of developmental cognitive neuroscience.