Neuronal Activation in the Medulla Oblongata During Selective
... injections were made on the right side using a microsyringe in each animal. An analgesic buprenorphine at 6 mg/kg and antibiotics amINJECTION OF CHOLERA TOXIN B. ...
... injections were made on the right side using a microsyringe in each animal. An analgesic buprenorphine at 6 mg/kg and antibiotics amINJECTION OF CHOLERA TOXIN B. ...
Temporal reproduction and its neuroanatomical correlates in adults
... including the cerebellum, basal ganglia and prefrontal cortex (e.g. Ivry, 1996, Ivry et al., 2002, Meck et al., 2008). To our knowledge, there are no studies to date examining the association between neuroanatomical characteristics and time reproduction in adult ADHD. In this study we assessed the b ...
... including the cerebellum, basal ganglia and prefrontal cortex (e.g. Ivry, 1996, Ivry et al., 2002, Meck et al., 2008). To our knowledge, there are no studies to date examining the association between neuroanatomical characteristics and time reproduction in adult ADHD. In this study we assessed the b ...
13-01_pptlect
... Control of the autonomic nervous system Control of emotional responses Regulation of body temperature Regulation of hunger and thirst sensations Control of behavior Regulation of sleep-wake cycles Control of the endocrine system Formation of memory ...
... Control of the autonomic nervous system Control of emotional responses Regulation of body temperature Regulation of hunger and thirst sensations Control of behavior Regulation of sleep-wake cycles Control of the endocrine system Formation of memory ...
The Emerging Neuroscience of Intrinsic Motivation: A New Frontier
... motivation. To anticipate our main conclusions, affective neuroscience suggests that human intrinsic motivation is based in ancient mammalian systems that govern exploration and play. Neuroimaging studies, which have up to now focused on curiosity and mastery tendencies, indicate that intrinsically ...
... motivation. To anticipate our main conclusions, affective neuroscience suggests that human intrinsic motivation is based in ancient mammalian systems that govern exploration and play. Neuroimaging studies, which have up to now focused on curiosity and mastery tendencies, indicate that intrinsically ...
How Acupuncture works - Chinese Acupuncture Associates on the
... Posterolateral nucleus of the contralateral thalamus.After 3rd-order neuron made with Synaptic connection with 2nd-order neuron, its axon now pass through the posterior limb of the internal capsule to reach nociception center on the postcentral gyrus of the cerebal cortex.( see Figure 1 ) The pain i ...
... Posterolateral nucleus of the contralateral thalamus.After 3rd-order neuron made with Synaptic connection with 2nd-order neuron, its axon now pass through the posterior limb of the internal capsule to reach nociception center on the postcentral gyrus of the cerebal cortex.( see Figure 1 ) The pain i ...
Connection Patterns Distinguish 3 Regions of Human Parietal Cortex
... fiber tracts. Using a simple termination zone, such as the one used here, is desirable because of its simplicity, but it might not be appropriate if the superior collicular connections with frontal areas were to be examined. As can be seen in Results, this precaution did not impede the detection of t ...
... fiber tracts. Using a simple termination zone, such as the one used here, is desirable because of its simplicity, but it might not be appropriate if the superior collicular connections with frontal areas were to be examined. As can be seen in Results, this precaution did not impede the detection of t ...
Generation of Theta and Gamma Rhythms in the Hippocampus
... LEUNG, L. S. Generation of theta and gamma rhythms in the hippocampus. NEUROSCI BIOBEHAV REV 22(2), 275–290, 1998.—In the behaving rat, theta rhythm was dominant during walking and rapid-eye-movement sleep, while irregular slow activity predominated during immobility and slow-wave sleep. Oscillatory ...
... LEUNG, L. S. Generation of theta and gamma rhythms in the hippocampus. NEUROSCI BIOBEHAV REV 22(2), 275–290, 1998.—In the behaving rat, theta rhythm was dominant during walking and rapid-eye-movement sleep, while irregular slow activity predominated during immobility and slow-wave sleep. Oscillatory ...
A forward genetic screen with a thalamocortical emx2
... the scheme enhanced detection and description of prenatal thalamocortical phenotypes. Males carrying the TCA-TLZ transgene on a C57BL/6 background were mutagenized with N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) and mated to wild-type females of the FVB/N strain. G1 males carrying the TCA-TLZ transgene were bred t ...
... the scheme enhanced detection and description of prenatal thalamocortical phenotypes. Males carrying the TCA-TLZ transgene on a C57BL/6 background were mutagenized with N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) and mated to wild-type females of the FVB/N strain. G1 males carrying the TCA-TLZ transgene were bred t ...
Mirror Neurons Responding to Observation of Actions Made with
... unfamiliar tool (a signal stick, which is a wooden, colored circle attached to the tip of a long stick) aimed to touch the target object, but devoid of the possibility to pick it up. The visual response of tool-responding mirror neurons was always excitatory. Note that in 29 neurons, there was also ...
... unfamiliar tool (a signal stick, which is a wooden, colored circle attached to the tip of a long stick) aimed to touch the target object, but devoid of the possibility to pick it up. The visual response of tool-responding mirror neurons was always excitatory. Note that in 29 neurons, there was also ...
Sprecher_2011_larval.. - Institute of Neuroinformatics
... including main neuronal elements contributing to LON: larval photoreceptors (lp, red), bn (red); optic lobe pioneers (OLP, blue), PDF neurons (PDF; green), serotonergic neurons (5HT; yellow), OOA (brown). E: Z-projection of a confocal stack (17 μm) showing larval photoreceptor projections. Rh5 and R ...
... including main neuronal elements contributing to LON: larval photoreceptors (lp, red), bn (red); optic lobe pioneers (OLP, blue), PDF neurons (PDF; green), serotonergic neurons (5HT; yellow), OOA (brown). E: Z-projection of a confocal stack (17 μm) showing larval photoreceptor projections. Rh5 and R ...
Motor Areas of the Medial Wall: A Review of Their Location and
... superior frontal gyms and three motor areas buried within the cingulate sulcus. In addition, there is evidence that a fifth motor field, the pre-SMA, lies rostral to the SMA proper. Recent physiological observations provide evidence for functional differences among these motor fields. In the human, ...
... superior frontal gyms and three motor areas buried within the cingulate sulcus. In addition, there is evidence that a fifth motor field, the pre-SMA, lies rostral to the SMA proper. Recent physiological observations provide evidence for functional differences among these motor fields. In the human, ...
Dopamine in Schizophrenia
... in the treatment of amphetamine-induced psychosis and schizophrenia [neuroleptics or antipsychotic drugs (APDs)] decreased DA activity, and their clinical potency was correlated with their potency in blocking D2 receptors (Carlsson and Lindquist 1963; Creese et al. 1976; Hyttel et al. 1985; Farde et ...
... in the treatment of amphetamine-induced psychosis and schizophrenia [neuroleptics or antipsychotic drugs (APDs)] decreased DA activity, and their clinical potency was correlated with their potency in blocking D2 receptors (Carlsson and Lindquist 1963; Creese et al. 1976; Hyttel et al. 1985; Farde et ...
Subregions of the human superior frontal gyrus and their connections
... (rsFC) can reveal functional correlation between every two regions by evaluating the temporal coherence of the low frequency blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signals. The combination of these methods will simultaneously show both the anatomical and functional connection patterns of a brain area, ...
... (rsFC) can reveal functional correlation between every two regions by evaluating the temporal coherence of the low frequency blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signals. The combination of these methods will simultaneously show both the anatomical and functional connection patterns of a brain area, ...
4 Aromatic Amino Acids in the Brain - Wurtman Lab
... These enzymes all have high substrate Km’s, hence they have little effect on their amino acid substrates present in systemic blood but major, concentration‐dependent effects on the elevated concentrations, present postprandially, in portal venous blood. All of the large, neutral amino acids (LNAA)—e ...
... These enzymes all have high substrate Km’s, hence they have little effect on their amino acid substrates present in systemic blood but major, concentration‐dependent effects on the elevated concentrations, present postprandially, in portal venous blood. All of the large, neutral amino acids (LNAA)—e ...
MR Imaging–Detectable Metabolic Alterations in Attention Deficit
... MR spectroscopy represents one of the most suitable in vivo tool to assess neurochemical dysfunction in several brain disorders, including attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. This is the most common neuropsychiatric disorder in childhood and adolescence, which persists into adulthood (in approx ...
... MR spectroscopy represents one of the most suitable in vivo tool to assess neurochemical dysfunction in several brain disorders, including attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. This is the most common neuropsychiatric disorder in childhood and adolescence, which persists into adulthood (in approx ...
PPT
... is intending to perform(SUA) – Direction of planned arm and eye movements(LFP) – Tuning widths for movement directions(LFP, SUA) LFP in general shows responses properties similar to that of the neurons recorded in the same brain region ...
... is intending to perform(SUA) – Direction of planned arm and eye movements(LFP) – Tuning widths for movement directions(LFP, SUA) LFP in general shows responses properties similar to that of the neurons recorded in the same brain region ...
Electronic Realization of Human Brain`s Neo
... neurons are composed of four major parts: soma, dendrite, axon and synapse. The main part of the neuron that contains the nucleus is the soma. Also called the cell body, the soma contains all other necessary components of the cell such as ribosome and mitochondria which are in charge of building pro ...
... neurons are composed of four major parts: soma, dendrite, axon and synapse. The main part of the neuron that contains the nucleus is the soma. Also called the cell body, the soma contains all other necessary components of the cell such as ribosome and mitochondria which are in charge of building pro ...
Neuroanatomical correlates of the near response: voluntary
... Shor, 1988). Campbell & Westheimer (1960) measured VPA up to 3.0 D using a continuous recording optometer. Provine & Enoch (1975) successfully trained subjects to generate 9.0 D VPA to nullify the effects of a ±9.0-D contact lens. Ciuffreda & Kruger (1988) quanti®ed and compared re¯exive accommodati ...
... Shor, 1988). Campbell & Westheimer (1960) measured VPA up to 3.0 D using a continuous recording optometer. Provine & Enoch (1975) successfully trained subjects to generate 9.0 D VPA to nullify the effects of a ±9.0-D contact lens. Ciuffreda & Kruger (1988) quanti®ed and compared re¯exive accommodati ...
Specialized prefrontal "auditory fields": organization of primate
... (Figure 1, top; Hackett et al., 1999; Romanski et al., 1999a,b). These areas receive pathways from auditory association cortices from a restricted and more caudal part of STG, within the parabelt and belt areas (Figure 1, top; Barbas and Mesulam, 1981, 1985; Hackett et al., 1999; Romanski et al., 19 ...
... (Figure 1, top; Hackett et al., 1999; Romanski et al., 1999a,b). These areas receive pathways from auditory association cortices from a restricted and more caudal part of STG, within the parabelt and belt areas (Figure 1, top; Barbas and Mesulam, 1981, 1985; Hackett et al., 1999; Romanski et al., 19 ...
Dipole Localization - Home
... All of these tasks are coordinated, controlled and regulated by an organ that is about the size of a small head of cauliflower. Your brain, spinal cord and peripheral nerves make up a complex, integrated information-processing and control system. The scientific study of the brain and nervous system ...
... All of these tasks are coordinated, controlled and regulated by an organ that is about the size of a small head of cauliflower. Your brain, spinal cord and peripheral nerves make up a complex, integrated information-processing and control system. The scientific study of the brain and nervous system ...
Ping-An Li, Ashfaq Shuaib, Hiro Miyashita, Qing
... Results—There was a significant increase in extracellular glutamate levels in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex in normoglycemic ischemic animals. The increase in glutamate levels in the cerebral cortex, but not in the hippocampus, was significantly higher in hyperglycemic animals than in controls ...
... Results—There was a significant increase in extracellular glutamate levels in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex in normoglycemic ischemic animals. The increase in glutamate levels in the cerebral cortex, but not in the hippocampus, was significantly higher in hyperglycemic animals than in controls ...
Diversity of laminar connections linking periarcuate and
... Lateral prefrontal and intraparietal cortices have strong connectional and functional associations but it is unclear how their common visuomotor, perceptual and working memory functions arise. The hierarchical scheme of cortical processing assumes that prefrontal cortex issues ‘feedback’ projections ...
... Lateral prefrontal and intraparietal cortices have strong connectional and functional associations but it is unclear how their common visuomotor, perceptual and working memory functions arise. The hierarchical scheme of cortical processing assumes that prefrontal cortex issues ‘feedback’ projections ...
Varieties of Analogical Reasoning
... more to it in terms of motivation and affect. In running through this process of deliberately creating tricky analogies to meet certain criteria, one cycles through conjectures and criticisms, sometimes entirely abandoning one’s path (“Maybe there are not enough letter sequences involving straight-s ...
... more to it in terms of motivation and affect. In running through this process of deliberately creating tricky analogies to meet certain criteria, one cycles through conjectures and criticisms, sometimes entirely abandoning one’s path (“Maybe there are not enough letter sequences involving straight-s ...
pdf
... functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). 䡲 CASE DESCRIPTION: Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a noninvasive technique capable of modulating the ongoing activity of the human brain. When linked with a neuronavigation system, fMRI-guided frontal cortex TMS can be performed in a placebo- ...
... functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). 䡲 CASE DESCRIPTION: Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a noninvasive technique capable of modulating the ongoing activity of the human brain. When linked with a neuronavigation system, fMRI-guided frontal cortex TMS can be performed in a placebo- ...
Cognitive neuroscience
Cognitive neuroscience is an academic field concerned with the scientific study of biological substrates underlying cognition, with a specific focus on the neural substrates of mental processes. It addresses the questions of how psychological/cognitive functions are produced by neural circuits in the brain. Cognitive neuroscience is a branch of both psychology and neuroscience, overlapping with disciplines such as physiological psychology, cognitive psychology, and neuropsychology. Cognitive neuroscience relies upon theories in cognitive science coupled with evidence from neuropsychology, and computational modeling.Due to its multidisciplinary nature, cognitive neuroscientists may have various backgrounds. Other than the associated disciplines just mentioned, cognitive neuroscientists may have backgrounds in neurobiology, bioengineering, psychiatry, neurology, physics, computer science, linguistics, philosophy, and mathematics.Methods employed in cognitive neuroscience include experimental paradigms from psychophysics and cognitive psychology, functional neuroimaging, electrophysiology, cognitive genomics, and behavioral genetics. Studies of patients with cognitive deficits due to brain lesions constitute an important aspect of cognitive neuroscience. Theoretical approaches include computational neuroscience and cognitive psychology.Cognitive neuroscience can look at the effects of damage to the brain and subsequent changes in the thought processes due to changes in neural circuitry resulting from the ensued damage. Also, cognitive abilities based on brain development is studied and examined under the subfield of developmental cognitive neuroscience.