Slide 1
... molecules of acetyl CoA for each initial glucose. Thus, after two turns of the citric acid cycle, the overall yield per glucose molecule is – 2 ATP, – 6 NADH, and – 2 FADH2. ...
... molecules of acetyl CoA for each initial glucose. Thus, after two turns of the citric acid cycle, the overall yield per glucose molecule is – 2 ATP, – 6 NADH, and – 2 FADH2. ...
StangBio
... carrier to carrier downhill to oxygen each carrier more electronegative controlled oxidation controlled release of energy ...
... carrier to carrier downhill to oxygen each carrier more electronegative controlled oxidation controlled release of energy ...
test - Scioly.org
... glycolysis can occur with or without oxygen glycolysis occurs in the mitochondria glycolysis is the first step in both aerobic and anaerobic respiration glycolysis produces 2 ATP, 2 NADH, and 2 pyruvate ...
... glycolysis can occur with or without oxygen glycolysis occurs in the mitochondria glycolysis is the first step in both aerobic and anaerobic respiration glycolysis produces 2 ATP, 2 NADH, and 2 pyruvate ...
Photosynthesis - Piscataway High School
... The yellows and oranges of autumn leaves are also revealed as their chlorophyll breaks down. ...
... The yellows and oranges of autumn leaves are also revealed as their chlorophyll breaks down. ...
A) Oxidative phosphorylation B) Glycolysis C) Kreb`s cycle D
... 1. Which step of cellular respiration will generate ATP with 8. In yeast, the energy stored in NADH powers the or without oxygen present? production of A) B) C) D) E) ...
... 1. Which step of cellular respiration will generate ATP with 8. In yeast, the energy stored in NADH powers the or without oxygen present? production of A) B) C) D) E) ...
GLYCOLYSIS AND FERMENTATION
... 3. These pathways regenerate NAD1, which the cells can use to keep glycolysis going to make more ATP in the absence of oxygen. 4. Without niacin or the ability to make it, the person would be deficient in NAD1. Since NAD1 is used in Step 3 of glycolysis, glycolysis would be inhibited. STRUCTURES AND ...
... 3. These pathways regenerate NAD1, which the cells can use to keep glycolysis going to make more ATP in the absence of oxygen. 4. Without niacin or the ability to make it, the person would be deficient in NAD1. Since NAD1 is used in Step 3 of glycolysis, glycolysis would be inhibited. STRUCTURES AND ...
Ch27 PowerPoint LN
... • most enjoy the warm of a 60 – 80o C environment • some will obtain energy from sulfur compounds • hot springs and thermal vents ...
... • most enjoy the warm of a 60 – 80o C environment • some will obtain energy from sulfur compounds • hot springs and thermal vents ...
Biochemistry 3020 1. All of the following enzymes involved in the
... glucose 6-phosphate without the investment of energy from ATP. Hydrolysis of glycogen yields free glucose, which must be converted into glucose 6-phosphate (at the expense of ATP) before it can enter glycolysis. ...
... glucose 6-phosphate without the investment of energy from ATP. Hydrolysis of glycogen yields free glucose, which must be converted into glucose 6-phosphate (at the expense of ATP) before it can enter glycolysis. ...
SUBSTRATE CYCLING (see Voet and Voet)
... Note also that PFK I is inhibited by hydrogen ions so that a drop in intracellular pH will lead to a decrease in glycolysis, in effect an example of feed back regulation. Lactic acid which is transported out of the cell is carried away by the blood. Normal blood lactic acid concentration is maintain ...
... Note also that PFK I is inhibited by hydrogen ions so that a drop in intracellular pH will lead to a decrease in glycolysis, in effect an example of feed back regulation. Lactic acid which is transported out of the cell is carried away by the blood. Normal blood lactic acid concentration is maintain ...
Recitation 6 The path of electron flow in photosynthesis from initial
... As we have seen in class, there are several similarities between oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria and photosynthesis. For example, both involved a membrane-bound electron transport system, and the mechanisms of ATP production via proton gradients are similar. Electron transport in mitochond ...
... As we have seen in class, there are several similarities between oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria and photosynthesis. For example, both involved a membrane-bound electron transport system, and the mechanisms of ATP production via proton gradients are similar. Electron transport in mitochond ...
respiratory chain
... by phosphorylation of ADP by inorganic phosphate, Pi (phosphorylation). Therefore, there is a coupling between oxidation and phosphorylation. Two theories explain the ATP synthesis, chemiosmotic hypothesis and membrane transport system. ...
... by phosphorylation of ADP by inorganic phosphate, Pi (phosphorylation). Therefore, there is a coupling between oxidation and phosphorylation. Two theories explain the ATP synthesis, chemiosmotic hypothesis and membrane transport system. ...
Digestible carbohydrates
... Glucose transporter has 2 sites, one for sodium and the other for glucose, symporting sodium down its concentration gradient and glucose against its concentration gradient across cell membrane. Both sodium and glucose are released within mucosal cells, allowing the carrier to recycle for more cargo. ...
... Glucose transporter has 2 sites, one for sodium and the other for glucose, symporting sodium down its concentration gradient and glucose against its concentration gradient across cell membrane. Both sodium and glucose are released within mucosal cells, allowing the carrier to recycle for more cargo. ...
key - Scioly.org
... And what is the name of this anaerobic process? Lactic acid fermentation or Anaerobic glycolysis 22. How many molecules of ATP are produced during the second stage of glycolysis? ...
... And what is the name of this anaerobic process? Lactic acid fermentation or Anaerobic glycolysis 22. How many molecules of ATP are produced during the second stage of glycolysis? ...
Bio II Elodea Lab: Photosynthesis and Cellular
... electrons from the reduced NADH and FADH2 and creates a ___________gradient across the membrane. For each electron pair passing down the chain from NADH, enough force is generated to produce ________ ATPs. Since it donates electrons electrons at a lower energy level, FADH2 is worth only_______ ATPs. ...
... electrons from the reduced NADH and FADH2 and creates a ___________gradient across the membrane. For each electron pair passing down the chain from NADH, enough force is generated to produce ________ ATPs. Since it donates electrons electrons at a lower energy level, FADH2 is worth only_______ ATPs. ...
Respiration chapt07
... (pyruvic acid). - a 10-step biochemical pathway - occurs in the cytoplasm - 2 molecules of pyruvate are formed from each glucose - net production of 2 ATP molecules -2 NADH produced by reduction of 2 NAD+ ...
... (pyruvic acid). - a 10-step biochemical pathway - occurs in the cytoplasm - 2 molecules of pyruvate are formed from each glucose - net production of 2 ATP molecules -2 NADH produced by reduction of 2 NAD+ ...
Respiration - Goffs School
... Cellular respiration is the process by which the energy contained in organic molecules is made available for all of the active processes within a cell. The usual substrate (the organic substance from which energy is released) is glucose, although fats, amino acids and other substrates can be used if ...
... Cellular respiration is the process by which the energy contained in organic molecules is made available for all of the active processes within a cell. The usual substrate (the organic substance from which energy is released) is glucose, although fats, amino acids and other substrates can be used if ...
Chapter 9 Cellular Respiration, TE
... All the energy from glucose would be released at once, and most of it would be lost in ...
... All the energy from glucose would be released at once, and most of it would be lost in ...
File - Mr. Doyle SUIS Science
... • The second stage of aerobic respiration, acetyl–CoA formation and the Krebs cycle, occurs in the inner compartment (matrix) of mitochondria • The pyruvate that formed in glycolysis is converted to acetyl– CoA and CO2; the acetyl–CoA enters the Krebs cycle, which breaks it down to CO2 • For two pyr ...
... • The second stage of aerobic respiration, acetyl–CoA formation and the Krebs cycle, occurs in the inner compartment (matrix) of mitochondria • The pyruvate that formed in glycolysis is converted to acetyl– CoA and CO2; the acetyl–CoA enters the Krebs cycle, which breaks it down to CO2 • For two pyr ...
PowerPoint lecture
... • The second stage of aerobic respiration, acetyl–CoA formation and the Krebs cycle, occurs in the inner compartment (matrix) of mitochondria • The pyruvate that formed in glycolysis is converted to acetyl– CoA and CO2; the acetyl–CoA enters the Krebs cycle, which breaks it down to CO2 • For two pyr ...
... • The second stage of aerobic respiration, acetyl–CoA formation and the Krebs cycle, occurs in the inner compartment (matrix) of mitochondria • The pyruvate that formed in glycolysis is converted to acetyl– CoA and CO2; the acetyl–CoA enters the Krebs cycle, which breaks it down to CO2 • For two pyr ...
GLYCOLYSIS Generation of ATP from Metabolic Fuels
... Glycolysis is a highly regulated process o Need to maintain constant levels of energy in cells o Regulation UP and DOWN depends on the cell’s need for ATP and NADH o Steps 2, 4-9 have ΔG°’ values close to zero, therefore are essentially operating at equilibrium - Can go in either direction - These s ...
... Glycolysis is a highly regulated process o Need to maintain constant levels of energy in cells o Regulation UP and DOWN depends on the cell’s need for ATP and NADH o Steps 2, 4-9 have ΔG°’ values close to zero, therefore are essentially operating at equilibrium - Can go in either direction - These s ...
see lecture notes
... maltose, starch, fatty acids,amino acids, and other molecules. RuBP is also reformed through a series of complicated reactions. This is not an efficient process. Less than 1% of the light energy that reaches the chloroplast is found in thecarbohydrates produced. C. PHOTOSYNTHETIC PHOSPHORYLATION The ...
... maltose, starch, fatty acids,amino acids, and other molecules. RuBP is also reformed through a series of complicated reactions. This is not an efficient process. Less than 1% of the light energy that reaches the chloroplast is found in thecarbohydrates produced. C. PHOTOSYNTHETIC PHOSPHORYLATION The ...
SBI 4UI Test – Metabolic Processes: Cell Respiration
... F1. Chemiosmosis moves H+ into the intermembrane space of the mitochondria. F2. In the Kreb’s Cycle, malate is oxidized into fumarate. F3. Aerobic cellular respiration harvests energy from organic compounds without O2. F4. The total chemical potential energy in the reactants of photosynthesis is les ...
... F1. Chemiosmosis moves H+ into the intermembrane space of the mitochondria. F2. In the Kreb’s Cycle, malate is oxidized into fumarate. F3. Aerobic cellular respiration harvests energy from organic compounds without O2. F4. The total chemical potential energy in the reactants of photosynthesis is les ...
Adenosine triphosphate
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a nucleoside triphosphate used in cells as a coenzyme often called the ""molecular unit of currency"" of intracellular energy transfer.ATP transports chemical energy within cells for metabolism. It is one of the end products of photophosphorylation, cellular respiration, and fermentation and used by enzymes and structural proteins in many cellular processes, including biosynthetic reactions, motility, and cell division. One molecule of ATP contains three phosphate groups, and it is produced by a wide variety of enzymes, including ATP synthase, from adenosine diphosphate (ADP) or adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and various phosphate group donors. Substrate-level phosphorylation, oxidative phosphorylation in cellular respiration, and photophosphorylation in photosynthesis are three major mechanisms of ATP biosynthesis.Metabolic processes that use ATP as an energy source convert it back into its precursors. ATP is therefore continuously recycled in organisms: the human body, which on average contains only 250 grams (8.8 oz) of ATP, turns over its own body weight equivalent in ATP each day.ATP is used as a substrate in signal transduction pathways by kinases that phosphorylate proteins and lipids. It is also used by adenylate cyclase, which uses ATP to produce the second messenger molecule cyclic AMP. The ratio between ATP and AMP is used as a way for a cell to sense how much energy is available and control the metabolic pathways that produce and consume ATP. Apart from its roles in signaling and energy metabolism, ATP is also incorporated into nucleic acids by polymerases in the process of transcription. ATP is the neurotransmitter believed to signal the sense of taste.The structure of this molecule consists of a purine base (adenine) attached by the 9' nitrogen atom to the 1' carbon atom of a pentose sugar (ribose). Three phosphate groups are attached at the 5' carbon atom of the pentose sugar. It is the addition and removal of these phosphate groups that inter-convert ATP, ADP and AMP. When ATP is used in DNA synthesis, the ribose sugar is first converted to deoxyribose by ribonucleotide reductase.ATP was discovered in 1929 by Karl Lohmann, and independently by Cyrus Fiske and Yellapragada Subbarow of Harvard Medical School, but its correct structure was not determined until some years later. It was proposed to be the intermediary molecule between energy-yielding and energy-requiring reactions in cells by Fritz Albert Lipmann in 1941. It was first artificially synthesized by Alexander Todd in 1948.