Chapter 22 The Lymphatic System, Nonspecific Resistance to
... ingestion of microbes or foreign material by phagocytes 2 kinds of phagocytosis - neutrophils and macrophages ...
... ingestion of microbes or foreign material by phagocytes 2 kinds of phagocytosis - neutrophils and macrophages ...
Chapter 7 Cytokines
... 2. Cytokines come from many kinds of cells----activated immune cells, matrix cells and some tumor cells. one cell may secrete many kinds of cytokines, different cells may secrete the same cytokines. ...
... 2. Cytokines come from many kinds of cells----activated immune cells, matrix cells and some tumor cells. one cell may secrete many kinds of cytokines, different cells may secrete the same cytokines. ...
Immune System Overvi..
... o a. Types of T cells look alike but are distinguished by function. i. Cytotoxic T Cells - Sometimes called killer T cells. - Attack and destroy viral infected or cancerous cells. - Responsible for cell-mediated immunity. - Storage granules inside cytotoxic T cells contain perforin, a chemical tha ...
... o a. Types of T cells look alike but are distinguished by function. i. Cytotoxic T Cells - Sometimes called killer T cells. - Attack and destroy viral infected or cancerous cells. - Responsible for cell-mediated immunity. - Storage granules inside cytotoxic T cells contain perforin, a chemical tha ...
2421_Ch17.ppt
... involves the production of antibodies against foreign organisms or substances found in extracellular fluids (blood plasma, lymph, mucus secretions) B-cells (β lymphocytes) produce antibodies this defense system is primarily against bacteria, bacterial toxins, and viruses which are circulating freely ...
... involves the production of antibodies against foreign organisms or substances found in extracellular fluids (blood plasma, lymph, mucus secretions) B-cells (β lymphocytes) produce antibodies this defense system is primarily against bacteria, bacterial toxins, and viruses which are circulating freely ...
Severe Combined Immune Deficiency (SCID)
... Type of lymphocyte (specialised white blood cell) necessary for immunity to viruses, moulds, protozoa (single celled organisms like giardia, malaria, toxoplasmosis). Although antibodies are made by B cells, they require the help of T cells to do so effectively. T cell depletion Process to physically ...
... Type of lymphocyte (specialised white blood cell) necessary for immunity to viruses, moulds, protozoa (single celled organisms like giardia, malaria, toxoplasmosis). Although antibodies are made by B cells, they require the help of T cells to do so effectively. T cell depletion Process to physically ...
regulation of the immune response
... For induction of TH cells, TH cells recognize antigen in association with class II molecules. Cytotoxic T cells recognize viral antigens in association with class I molecules. This recognition of MHC was learnt during ontogeny. ...
... For induction of TH cells, TH cells recognize antigen in association with class II molecules. Cytotoxic T cells recognize viral antigens in association with class I molecules. This recognition of MHC was learnt during ontogeny. ...
09 Antibodies
... on association of the antigen with either class 1 or class II proteins. For example, cytotoxic T cells respond to antigen in association with class 1 MHC proteins. Thus, a cytotoxic Tcell that kills a virus-infected cell will not kill a cell infected with the same virus if the cell does not also exp ...
... on association of the antigen with either class 1 or class II proteins. For example, cytotoxic T cells respond to antigen in association with class 1 MHC proteins. Thus, a cytotoxic Tcell that kills a virus-infected cell will not kill a cell infected with the same virus if the cell does not also exp ...
Auto-immune diseases – 19/03/03
... Aeitology of autoimmune disease – Multifactorial (Abbas 179) So what is the cause of autoimmune disease? Basically, the cause is many. 1) Some proteins/cells and other components in the body are sequestered. This means, under normal circumstances the immune system is unaware of their existence (i.e. ...
... Aeitology of autoimmune disease – Multifactorial (Abbas 179) So what is the cause of autoimmune disease? Basically, the cause is many. 1) Some proteins/cells and other components in the body are sequestered. This means, under normal circumstances the immune system is unaware of their existence (i.e. ...
antigen - SITH-ITB
... Infection-fighting white blood cells are suspended in blood plasma • White blood cells : – neutrophils and eosinophils are white blood cells that function primarily as phagocytes, which are scavenger cells that travel in the bloodstream or wander through body tissues, engulfing bacteria and debris ...
... Infection-fighting white blood cells are suspended in blood plasma • White blood cells : – neutrophils and eosinophils are white blood cells that function primarily as phagocytes, which are scavenger cells that travel in the bloodstream or wander through body tissues, engulfing bacteria and debris ...
Slide 1
... Fever – a rise in body temperature due to the inability of the white blood cells to completely destroy a pathogen Antigen – molecules that the immune system recognizes as not part of the body (foreign) ...
... Fever – a rise in body temperature due to the inability of the white blood cells to completely destroy a pathogen Antigen – molecules that the immune system recognizes as not part of the body (foreign) ...
The Lymphatic System and Immunity
... stomach acid, saliva, perspiration, phagocytes (neutrophils and macrophages), natural killer cells, inflammation (causes redness, pain, heat, and swelling), and fever ...
... stomach acid, saliva, perspiration, phagocytes (neutrophils and macrophages), natural killer cells, inflammation (causes redness, pain, heat, and swelling), and fever ...
Snímek 1
... are eliminated by phagocytes or stored in tissues ● pathological immunocomplexes response arises when is a large dose of antigen, or antigen in the body remains; arise 10-14 days after aplication of Ag and induced inflamation can get to chronic state ● immune complexes are deposited in the kidneys ( ...
... are eliminated by phagocytes or stored in tissues ● pathological immunocomplexes response arises when is a large dose of antigen, or antigen in the body remains; arise 10-14 days after aplication of Ag and induced inflamation can get to chronic state ● immune complexes are deposited in the kidneys ( ...
BIOL242Ch20,21Lymph1OCT2012
... • The stroma of the thymus consists of star-shaped epithelial cells (not reticular fibers) • These thymocytes secrete the hormones that stimulate lymphocytes to become immunocompetent • T cells: – migrate into medulla – divide in the cortex – leave thymus by medullary blood vessels ...
... • The stroma of the thymus consists of star-shaped epithelial cells (not reticular fibers) • These thymocytes secrete the hormones that stimulate lymphocytes to become immunocompetent • T cells: – migrate into medulla – divide in the cortex – leave thymus by medullary blood vessels ...
Acquired Immunity
... I- Passive acquired immunity: the transmission of preformed antibodies and lymphocytes into host cells. Can be divided into ; a-Naturally passive acquired immunity : This immunity only lasts for a short period of time. for example :Antibodies are passed through placenta to the fetus and : Breastfeed ...
... I- Passive acquired immunity: the transmission of preformed antibodies and lymphocytes into host cells. Can be divided into ; a-Naturally passive acquired immunity : This immunity only lasts for a short period of time. for example :Antibodies are passed through placenta to the fetus and : Breastfeed ...
2-2 immunity F11
... Are proteins made by our body that attack one particular foreign invader (or antigen) ...
... Are proteins made by our body that attack one particular foreign invader (or antigen) ...
Chapter 20, 21. Lymphatic and Immune Systems
... • The stroma of the thymus consists of star-shaped epithelial cells (not reticular fibers) • These thymocytes secrete the hormones that stimulate lymphocytes to become immunocompetent • T cells: – migrate into medulla – divide in the cortex – leave thymus by medullary blood vessels ...
... • The stroma of the thymus consists of star-shaped epithelial cells (not reticular fibers) • These thymocytes secrete the hormones that stimulate lymphocytes to become immunocompetent • T cells: – migrate into medulla – divide in the cortex – leave thymus by medullary blood vessels ...
5 AcquiredImmFor242L
... substances (like glycoproteins) on the surface of antigens to which the immune system actually responds ...
... substances (like glycoproteins) on the surface of antigens to which the immune system actually responds ...
Blood and Body Defenses I
... that have been killed. Others use microbes that have been changed slightly so they can no longer produce infection. They may, for instance, be unable to multiply. Some vaccines are made from a live virus that has been weakened, or attenuated, by growing it for many cycles in animals or cell cultures ...
... that have been killed. Others use microbes that have been changed slightly so they can no longer produce infection. They may, for instance, be unable to multiply. Some vaccines are made from a live virus that has been weakened, or attenuated, by growing it for many cycles in animals or cell cultures ...
The Cell-Derived Mediators of Chemical Mediators of Inflammation
... Immune complexes Products of T-lymphocytes (adaptive immune response) ...
... Immune complexes Products of T-lymphocytes (adaptive immune response) ...
Pathobiology.Bone Marrow and Lymph Node Histology.2013.pptx
... • Undergo chemotaxis in response to bacterial products and complement components • Ingest and destroy antigen-antibody complexes • Important in defense against parasites • Mediate allergic response • Express receptors for IgE • Attenuate inflammatory responses • Preferentially attracted by su ...
... • Undergo chemotaxis in response to bacterial products and complement components • Ingest and destroy antigen-antibody complexes • Important in defense against parasites • Mediate allergic response • Express receptors for IgE • Attenuate inflammatory responses • Preferentially attracted by su ...
ME-300.713 Bone Marrow and Lymph Node Histology.2011s.pptx
... • Undergo chemotaxis in response to bacterial products and complement components • Ingest and destroy antigen-antibody complexes • Important in defense against parasites • Mediate allergic response • Express receptors for IgE • Attenuate inflammatory responses • Preferentially attracted by su ...
... • Undergo chemotaxis in response to bacterial products and complement components • Ingest and destroy antigen-antibody complexes • Important in defense against parasites • Mediate allergic response • Express receptors for IgE • Attenuate inflammatory responses • Preferentially attracted by su ...
Phagocyte
Phagocytes are cells that protect the body by ingesting (phagocytosing) harmful foreign particles, bacteria, and dead or dying cells. Their name comes from the Greek phagein, ""to eat"" or ""devour"", and ""-cyte"", the suffix in biology denoting ""cell"", from the Greek kutos, ""hollow vessel"". They are essential for fighting infections and for subsequent immunity. Phagocytes are important throughout the animal kingdom and are highly developed within vertebrates. One litre of human blood contains about six billion phagocytes. They were first discovered in 1882 by Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov while he was studying starfish larvae. Mechnikov was awarded the 1908 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discovery. Phagocytes occur in many species; some amoebae behave like macrophage phagocytes, which suggests that phagocytes appeared early in the evolution of life.Phagocytes of humans and other animals are called ""professional"" or ""non-professional"" depending on how effective they are at phagocytosis. The professional phagocytes include many types of white blood cells (such as neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, mast cells, and dendritic cells). The main difference between professional and non-professional phagocytes is that the professional phagocytes have molecules called receptors on their surfaces that can detect harmful objects, such as bacteria, that are not normally found in the body. Phagocytes are crucial in fighting infections, as well as in maintaining healthy tissues by removing dead and dying cells that have reached the end of their lifespan.During an infection, chemical signals attract phagocytes to places where the pathogen has invaded the body. These chemicals may come from bacteria or from other phagocytes already present. The phagocytes move by a method called chemotaxis. When phagocytes come into contact with bacteria, the receptors on the phagocyte's surface will bind to them. This binding will lead to the engulfing of the bacteria by the phagocyte. Some phagocytes kill the ingested pathogen with oxidants and nitric oxide. After phagocytosis, macrophages and dendritic cells can also participate in antigen presentation, a process in which a phagocyte moves parts of the ingested material back to its surface. This material is then displayed to other cells of the immune system. Some phagocytes then travel to the body's lymph nodes and display the material to white blood cells called lymphocytes. This process is important in building immunity, and many pathogens have evolved methods to evade attacks by phagocytes.