a15 AcqCellMed Immunity II
... CD4: different membrane glycoprotein found on TH, monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells ...
... CD4: different membrane glycoprotein found on TH, monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells ...
MATURE T-LYMPHOCYTE MARKERS
... to lymph nodes are recognized by naive T lymphocytes that recirculate through these lymph nodes. The T cells are activated to differentiate into effector and memory cells, which may remain in the lymphoid organs or migrate to nonlymphoid tissues. At sites of infection, the effector cells are again a ...
... to lymph nodes are recognized by naive T lymphocytes that recirculate through these lymph nodes. The T cells are activated to differentiate into effector and memory cells, which may remain in the lymphoid organs or migrate to nonlymphoid tissues. At sites of infection, the effector cells are again a ...
File
... Coreceptor binding CD4 binding results in exposure of the coreceptor binding site. All HIV-1 strains use CCR5, CXCR4, or both receptors as coreceptors. A subset of viruses can use alternative coreceptors in vitro, but the in vivo significance of this observation is unclear. ...
... Coreceptor binding CD4 binding results in exposure of the coreceptor binding site. All HIV-1 strains use CCR5, CXCR4, or both receptors as coreceptors. A subset of viruses can use alternative coreceptors in vitro, but the in vivo significance of this observation is unclear. ...
When the castle walls have been breached: The Immune System
... Turn and Talk with your classmates: On Thursday, we talked about the fact that patients do not usually die of HIV/AIDS. They can die of something as small as a common cold. Explain why this is true. ...
... Turn and Talk with your classmates: On Thursday, we talked about the fact that patients do not usually die of HIV/AIDS. They can die of something as small as a common cold. Explain why this is true. ...
type I
... • Release of sequestered antigens: Tissue damage by infection may allow access of T cells and B cells to sequestered antigens. • Antigenic (molecular) mimicry is when similarity between foreign antigen and self protein results in cross-reactivity. ...
... • Release of sequestered antigens: Tissue damage by infection may allow access of T cells and B cells to sequestered antigens. • Antigenic (molecular) mimicry is when similarity between foreign antigen and self protein results in cross-reactivity. ...
Diseases of the Immune System
... • Gamma –delta TCR recognize molecules (peptides, lipids, small molecules) without MHC display, epithelial surfaces, function unknown • NK-T cells recognize glycolipids displayed by CD1 ( MHC-like molecule) – function unknown • CD4 – expressed on 60% lymphocytes, cytokine-secreting helper cells that ...
... • Gamma –delta TCR recognize molecules (peptides, lipids, small molecules) without MHC display, epithelial surfaces, function unknown • NK-T cells recognize glycolipids displayed by CD1 ( MHC-like molecule) – function unknown • CD4 – expressed on 60% lymphocytes, cytokine-secreting helper cells that ...
Document
... • NK cells induce target cells to undergo apoptosis o Seek out and kill cells that lack a type of “self” molecule, called MHC-I (major histocompatibility class I), on their surface o Some virus-infected and cancer cells lack MHC-I, which makes them susceptible to destruction by NK cells ...
... • NK cells induce target cells to undergo apoptosis o Seek out and kill cells that lack a type of “self” molecule, called MHC-I (major histocompatibility class I), on their surface o Some virus-infected and cancer cells lack MHC-I, which makes them susceptible to destruction by NK cells ...
BCBio12_Chapter10_immunity
... • NK cells induce target cells to undergo apoptosis o Seek out and kill cells that lack a type of “self” molecule, called MHC-I (major histocompatibility class I), on their surface o Some virus-infected and cancer cells lack MHC-I, which makes them susceptible to destruction by NK cells ...
... • NK cells induce target cells to undergo apoptosis o Seek out and kill cells that lack a type of “self” molecule, called MHC-I (major histocompatibility class I), on their surface o Some virus-infected and cancer cells lack MHC-I, which makes them susceptible to destruction by NK cells ...
Viral Infection and immunity
... • Phagocytic Barriers : 3 major types of phagocytic cells • Inflammatory Barriers and fever • Mucociliary clearance ...
... • Phagocytic Barriers : 3 major types of phagocytic cells • Inflammatory Barriers and fever • Mucociliary clearance ...
Lecture 3: Introduction of immune system II - BIDD
... T cells that express CD8 molecule on their surface 30% of T cells in the periphery Destroy cells infected by intracellular pathogens and cancer cells Class I MHC molecules (nucleated body cells) expose foreign proteins TC cell releases perforin and granzymes, proteins that form pores in the target c ...
... T cells that express CD8 molecule on their surface 30% of T cells in the periphery Destroy cells infected by intracellular pathogens and cancer cells Class I MHC molecules (nucleated body cells) expose foreign proteins TC cell releases perforin and granzymes, proteins that form pores in the target c ...
Blood: The body`s vital defense force
... a few days. That’s your immune system at work, too. (Without it, you’d constantly have a runny nose!) Just as there are different types of WBCs, there are also many different types of invading bacteria and viruses. But your white cells form an agile and adaptive swarm keeping this ever-changing set o ...
... a few days. That’s your immune system at work, too. (Without it, you’d constantly have a runny nose!) Just as there are different types of WBCs, there are also many different types of invading bacteria and viruses. But your white cells form an agile and adaptive swarm keeping this ever-changing set o ...
Materials and Methods
... (18). (Why cells were described before virus? ) Infection of mice Wild type C57BL/6, B-lymphocyte (Igh-6tm1Cgn/J), CD4+ T-lymphocyte (Cd4tm1Mak/J), and CD8 + T-lymphocyte (Cd8tm1Mak/J), deficiency mice were purchased from The Jackson Laboratory. Mice were infection with 1 x 107 plaque forming units ...
... (18). (Why cells were described before virus? ) Infection of mice Wild type C57BL/6, B-lymphocyte (Igh-6tm1Cgn/J), CD4+ T-lymphocyte (Cd4tm1Mak/J), and CD8 + T-lymphocyte (Cd8tm1Mak/J), deficiency mice were purchased from The Jackson Laboratory. Mice were infection with 1 x 107 plaque forming units ...
幻灯片 1
... stimulatory signal into B cells 2. BCR specific binding to the antigen and intake it through internalization, then the antigen was degradated into peptides and the peptide-MHC-II molecule complex was formed, which can be recognized by antigen specific Th cells ...
... stimulatory signal into B cells 2. BCR specific binding to the antigen and intake it through internalization, then the antigen was degradated into peptides and the peptide-MHC-II molecule complex was formed, which can be recognized by antigen specific Th cells ...
Nutrition
... gastrointestinal flora in a direction that may be favourable in terms of prevention of sensitisation, since introduction of cow’s milk promotes the growth of gram-negative endotoxin producing bacteria with adjuvant properties that enhance sensitisation ...
... gastrointestinal flora in a direction that may be favourable in terms of prevention of sensitisation, since introduction of cow’s milk promotes the growth of gram-negative endotoxin producing bacteria with adjuvant properties that enhance sensitisation ...
Outline 17
... Memory T cells provide long-lesting memory of an antigen, so that upon re-exposure, the immune system can neutralize the antigen quickly B lymphocytes These cells mature in bone marrow When activated, they differentiate into plasma cells, which secrete circulating _______________ Macrophag ...
... Memory T cells provide long-lesting memory of an antigen, so that upon re-exposure, the immune system can neutralize the antigen quickly B lymphocytes These cells mature in bone marrow When activated, they differentiate into plasma cells, which secrete circulating _______________ Macrophag ...
15. T-lymphocytes, ontogenesis, surface markers. Subpopulations of
... cortex and thymic medulla ...
... cortex and thymic medulla ...
The Immune System and Its Functioning
... An example of innate immunity in action is the body’s inflammatory response. This occurs when tissues are injured by bacteria, toxins, or trauma. The inflammatory response causes blood vessels to leak fluid into the damaged area. Then, the area will swell, allowing the foreign substance to be isolat ...
... An example of innate immunity in action is the body’s inflammatory response. This occurs when tissues are injured by bacteria, toxins, or trauma. The inflammatory response causes blood vessels to leak fluid into the damaged area. Then, the area will swell, allowing the foreign substance to be isolat ...
immunotherapy by donor T lymphocytes
... 2) stimulation of LAK and TIL - isolation of T and NK cells, stimulation by cytokines, and return to the patient - LAK (lymphokine activated killers) - TIL (tumor infiltrating lymphocytes) 3) improving of tumor cells antigenpresenting function - genetic modification of tumor cells - expression of CD ...
... 2) stimulation of LAK and TIL - isolation of T and NK cells, stimulation by cytokines, and return to the patient - LAK (lymphokine activated killers) - TIL (tumor infiltrating lymphocytes) 3) improving of tumor cells antigenpresenting function - genetic modification of tumor cells - expression of CD ...
NK Cells
... • NK cells do not need to be educated by the thymus. • NK cells do not undergo rearrangement of receptor genes and, thus, do not express T cell receptors or CD3. • NK cell killing is not MHC restricted (identical killing levels are seen for allogeneic and syngenic tumor cells). • NK cells do not sho ...
... • NK cells do not need to be educated by the thymus. • NK cells do not undergo rearrangement of receptor genes and, thus, do not express T cell receptors or CD3. • NK cell killing is not MHC restricted (identical killing levels are seen for allogeneic and syngenic tumor cells). • NK cells do not sho ...
Phagocyte
Phagocytes are cells that protect the body by ingesting (phagocytosing) harmful foreign particles, bacteria, and dead or dying cells. Their name comes from the Greek phagein, ""to eat"" or ""devour"", and ""-cyte"", the suffix in biology denoting ""cell"", from the Greek kutos, ""hollow vessel"". They are essential for fighting infections and for subsequent immunity. Phagocytes are important throughout the animal kingdom and are highly developed within vertebrates. One litre of human blood contains about six billion phagocytes. They were first discovered in 1882 by Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov while he was studying starfish larvae. Mechnikov was awarded the 1908 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discovery. Phagocytes occur in many species; some amoebae behave like macrophage phagocytes, which suggests that phagocytes appeared early in the evolution of life.Phagocytes of humans and other animals are called ""professional"" or ""non-professional"" depending on how effective they are at phagocytosis. The professional phagocytes include many types of white blood cells (such as neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, mast cells, and dendritic cells). The main difference between professional and non-professional phagocytes is that the professional phagocytes have molecules called receptors on their surfaces that can detect harmful objects, such as bacteria, that are not normally found in the body. Phagocytes are crucial in fighting infections, as well as in maintaining healthy tissues by removing dead and dying cells that have reached the end of their lifespan.During an infection, chemical signals attract phagocytes to places where the pathogen has invaded the body. These chemicals may come from bacteria or from other phagocytes already present. The phagocytes move by a method called chemotaxis. When phagocytes come into contact with bacteria, the receptors on the phagocyte's surface will bind to them. This binding will lead to the engulfing of the bacteria by the phagocyte. Some phagocytes kill the ingested pathogen with oxidants and nitric oxide. After phagocytosis, macrophages and dendritic cells can also participate in antigen presentation, a process in which a phagocyte moves parts of the ingested material back to its surface. This material is then displayed to other cells of the immune system. Some phagocytes then travel to the body's lymph nodes and display the material to white blood cells called lymphocytes. This process is important in building immunity, and many pathogens have evolved methods to evade attacks by phagocytes.