revised
... Using the TMHMM program, a total of 21473 TMs for the mesophilic set of proteins and 13340 for the thermophilic organims were predicted. The average length of the predicted TMs was 22 for both sets of proteins (thermophilic and mesophilic), which is in good agreement with the average length of TMs p ...
... Using the TMHMM program, a total of 21473 TMs for the mesophilic set of proteins and 13340 for the thermophilic organims were predicted. The average length of the predicted TMs was 22 for both sets of proteins (thermophilic and mesophilic), which is in good agreement with the average length of TMs p ...
PDF
... Fig. 1. Disruption of mei-P26 results in GSC loss. (A-D)Germaria stained for Vasa (green), Hts (red) and DNA (blue). (A)Wild-type germaria contain two to three germline stem cells (GSCs) (arrow) marked by small round fusomes. mei-P26mfs1 homozygotes (B) and meiP26mfs1/mei-P26mfs2 transheterozygote ...
... Fig. 1. Disruption of mei-P26 results in GSC loss. (A-D)Germaria stained for Vasa (green), Hts (red) and DNA (blue). (A)Wild-type germaria contain two to three germline stem cells (GSCs) (arrow) marked by small round fusomes. mei-P26mfs1 homozygotes (B) and meiP26mfs1/mei-P26mfs2 transheterozygote ...
Voltage-Gated Ion Channels and the Propagation of Action
... meter long, yet it takes only a few milliseconds for an action potential to move along their length. Arrival of an action potential at an axon terminal leads to opening of voltagesensitive Ca2 channels and an influx of Ca2, causing a localized rise in the cytosolic Ca2 concentration in the axon t ...
... meter long, yet it takes only a few milliseconds for an action potential to move along their length. Arrival of an action potential at an axon terminal leads to opening of voltagesensitive Ca2 channels and an influx of Ca2, causing a localized rise in the cytosolic Ca2 concentration in the axon t ...
11synaptic plasticity
... “When an axon of cell A is near enough to excite cell B and repeatedly or persistently takes part in firing it, some growth process or metabolic change takes place in one or both cells such that A's efficiency, as one of the cells firing B, is increased.” Hebb postulated that this behavior of synaps ...
... “When an axon of cell A is near enough to excite cell B and repeatedly or persistently takes part in firing it, some growth process or metabolic change takes place in one or both cells such that A's efficiency, as one of the cells firing B, is increased.” Hebb postulated that this behavior of synaps ...
Submembraneous microtubule cytoskeleton: biochemical and
... eukaryotes to human. They share a high degree of homology in their amino acid sequence. TRP channels are formed by monomers with six transmembrane regions that assemble into tetramers, which form the functional cation-permeable pore. The most conserved region is the sixth transmembrane domain, which ...
... eukaryotes to human. They share a high degree of homology in their amino acid sequence. TRP channels are formed by monomers with six transmembrane regions that assemble into tetramers, which form the functional cation-permeable pore. The most conserved region is the sixth transmembrane domain, which ...
At the border: the plasma membrane–cell wall
... Various data support the role of cellulose fibres in plasma membrane–cell wall adhesion (reviewed in Cvřcková, 2013; Martinière and Runions, 2013). Interestingly, cellulose has recently been shown to restrict plasma membrane protein diffusion, which may explain the slow diffusion of plant plasma mem ...
... Various data support the role of cellulose fibres in plasma membrane–cell wall adhesion (reviewed in Cvřcková, 2013; Martinière and Runions, 2013). Interestingly, cellulose has recently been shown to restrict plasma membrane protein diffusion, which may explain the slow diffusion of plant plasma mem ...
Chapter 1 - Laboratory Animal Boards Study Group
... False- has not been conclusively demonstrated the greatest level of pain an individual is willing to tolerate hyperalgesia hypersensitivity pain induced by a non-noxious stimulus absence of pain in response to stimulation that would normally be painful c- nociception nociception includes neurobiolog ...
... False- has not been conclusively demonstrated the greatest level of pain an individual is willing to tolerate hyperalgesia hypersensitivity pain induced by a non-noxious stimulus absence of pain in response to stimulation that would normally be painful c- nociception nociception includes neurobiolog ...
Second Harmonic Imaging of Plant Polysaccharides
... structure and function, and also provide the base of the food chain for the animal kingdom. They are also the raw material for many human industries such as timber, fabric and paper. Plants also store polysaccharides - most typically in the form of starch - as energy and carbon reserves and these ar ...
... structure and function, and also provide the base of the food chain for the animal kingdom. They are also the raw material for many human industries such as timber, fabric and paper. Plants also store polysaccharides - most typically in the form of starch - as energy and carbon reserves and these ar ...
Interaction with PI3-kinase contributes to the cytotoxic activity ofApoptin S Maddika
... the presence of wortmannin, apoptin was found mainly distributed in the cytoplasm, as shown either by immunostaining and confocal laser microscopic imaging (Figure 4a) or by subcellular fractionation and western blotting (Figure 4c). The effect of PI3-K inhibition on the localization of apoptin was ...
... the presence of wortmannin, apoptin was found mainly distributed in the cytoplasm, as shown either by immunostaining and confocal laser microscopic imaging (Figure 4a) or by subcellular fractionation and western blotting (Figure 4c). The effect of PI3-K inhibition on the localization of apoptin was ...
Drosophila immune cell migration and adhesion during embryonic
... plasmatocytes in the embryo. Integrin affinity is regulated by the GTPase Rap1 [59], as in vertebrates in which both of these proteins are required for the movement of neutrophils and monocytes between endothelial cells out of the vasculature [60]. Drosophila plasmatocytes also penetrate a tissue ba ...
... plasmatocytes in the embryo. Integrin affinity is regulated by the GTPase Rap1 [59], as in vertebrates in which both of these proteins are required for the movement of neutrophils and monocytes between endothelial cells out of the vasculature [60]. Drosophila plasmatocytes also penetrate a tissue ba ...
Presence of exposed phospholipids in the outer membrane of Vibrio
... fraction. This clearly indicated that the V. cholerae envelope did not constitute an effective barrier to the entry of crystal violet. Leakage of periplasmic proteins indicated instability of the outer membrane. We have found that 15-20% of two periplasmic enzymes, cyclic phosphodiesterase and alkal ...
... fraction. This clearly indicated that the V. cholerae envelope did not constitute an effective barrier to the entry of crystal violet. Leakage of periplasmic proteins indicated instability of the outer membrane. We have found that 15-20% of two periplasmic enzymes, cyclic phosphodiesterase and alkal ...
The Parkinson`s disease protein -synuclein disrupts
... (16). !-Syn expression also resulted in the accumulation of lipid droplets and the production of reactive oxygen species (10), but these occurred after the block in trafficking (ref. 16 and our unpublished data). Thus, transport defects make an important early contribution to pathology. Here we used ...
... (16). !-Syn expression also resulted in the accumulation of lipid droplets and the production of reactive oxygen species (10), but these occurred after the block in trafficking (ref. 16 and our unpublished data). Thus, transport defects make an important early contribution to pathology. Here we used ...
Exocytosis and cell polarity in plants exocyst and recycling domains
... Tansley review Tansley review ...
... Tansley review Tansley review ...
Local protein synthesis in neuronal axons: why and
... explanation to a long unanswered question in neuronal cell biology - how a new protein, synthesized in the cell body, is delivered to a specific postsynaptic site in highly complex dendritic arbors. The activated postsynapse can make the required protein on site by local mRNA translation (2). This i ...
... explanation to a long unanswered question in neuronal cell biology - how a new protein, synthesized in the cell body, is delivered to a specific postsynaptic site in highly complex dendritic arbors. The activated postsynapse can make the required protein on site by local mRNA translation (2). This i ...
Flat file for auto loading into the CBO 1.0 version. Individual sections
... GO: A cell cycle process comprising the steps by which a cell progresses through the nuclear division phase of a meiotic cell cycle, the specialized nuclear and cell division in which a single diploid cell undergoes two nuclear divisions following a single round of DNA replication in order to produc ...
... GO: A cell cycle process comprising the steps by which a cell progresses through the nuclear division phase of a meiotic cell cycle, the specialized nuclear and cell division in which a single diploid cell undergoes two nuclear divisions following a single round of DNA replication in order to produc ...
SNARE complexes of different composition jointly
... cortical division site, followed by its maturation into a stretch of plasma membrane separating the daughter cells (Jürgens, 2005). Membrane fusion is mediated by the interaction of soluble Nethylmaleimide–sensitive factor attachment receptor (SNARE) proteins through their highly conserved SNARE dom ...
... cortical division site, followed by its maturation into a stretch of plasma membrane separating the daughter cells (Jürgens, 2005). Membrane fusion is mediated by the interaction of soluble Nethylmaleimide–sensitive factor attachment receptor (SNARE) proteins through their highly conserved SNARE dom ...
The Journal of Experimental Medicine
... the execution of the apoptotic program. A second group of death receptors are the TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-Rs (for review see reference 3). Stimulation of TRAIL-Rs is supposed to kill predominantly transformed but not normal cells, which is the reason why soluble TRAIL might be ...
... the execution of the apoptotic program. A second group of death receptors are the TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-Rs (for review see reference 3). Stimulation of TRAIL-Rs is supposed to kill predominantly transformed but not normal cells, which is the reason why soluble TRAIL might be ...
MAG, Nogo-A and NgR in Hippocampal Development and Regeneration TESIS DOCTORAL
... The question this thesis aims to address is, therefore, the role of myelin-associated inhibitors in the regeneration of cortical connections. The model we have used is the entorhino-hippocampal connection and the conceptual structure followed was i) characterizing the temporal expression of the prot ...
... The question this thesis aims to address is, therefore, the role of myelin-associated inhibitors in the regeneration of cortical connections. The model we have used is the entorhino-hippocampal connection and the conceptual structure followed was i) characterizing the temporal expression of the prot ...
Dictyostelium lysosomal proteins with different sugar modifications
... enrichment of glycoproteins containing these modifications, respectively (Fig. 2). Since most of the CP and glycosidase activities were recovered after magnetic fractionation, we conclude that these enzymes are in vesicles that are recruited to the endo-lysosomal pathway and that paramagnetic fracti ...
... enrichment of glycoproteins containing these modifications, respectively (Fig. 2). Since most of the CP and glycosidase activities were recovered after magnetic fractionation, we conclude that these enzymes are in vesicles that are recruited to the endo-lysosomal pathway and that paramagnetic fracti ...
Rampant Purifying Selection Conserves Positions with
... protein were considered together. Because the observed distributions of a are not normal, we use median as a summary statistic. The median values are 0.65, 0.68, 0.62, and 0.73 for S*, T*, Y*, and N*, respectively. This means that a majority of PTM harboring positions have experienced a greater degr ...
... protein were considered together. Because the observed distributions of a are not normal, we use median as a summary statistic. The median values are 0.65, 0.68, 0.62, and 0.73 for S*, T*, Y*, and N*, respectively. This means that a majority of PTM harboring positions have experienced a greater degr ...
Vomeronasal Function - Oxford Academic
... Matsunami and Buck, 1997; Ryba and Tirindelli, 1997). The further steps of possible transduction cascades linked to these putative receptors and the G-proteins are not yet known. In non-mammalian vertebrates, and recently in mammalian preparations, there is accumulating evidence for an IP3-mediated ...
... Matsunami and Buck, 1997; Ryba and Tirindelli, 1997). The further steps of possible transduction cascades linked to these putative receptors and the G-proteins are not yet known. In non-mammalian vertebrates, and recently in mammalian preparations, there is accumulating evidence for an IP3-mediated ...
Article Integrin-Dependent Organization and Bidirectional Vesicular Traffic at Cytotoxic Immune Synapses Immunity
... content of secretory lysosomes at the immune synapse. To understand the dynamics and control of cytotoxic immune synapses, we imaged human primary, live natural killer cells on lipid bilayers carrying ligands of activation receptors. Formation of an organized synapse was dependent on the presence of ...
... content of secretory lysosomes at the immune synapse. To understand the dynamics and control of cytotoxic immune synapses, we imaged human primary, live natural killer cells on lipid bilayers carrying ligands of activation receptors. Formation of an organized synapse was dependent on the presence of ...
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases and Mitogen
... dephosphorylate the MAPKs they do so with varying degrees of potency that depends upon both their MAPK binding affinity and sub-cellular localization. There are 10 catalytically active members in this group and they exhibit distinct sub-cellular localization, responses to extracellular stimuli, tiss ...
... dephosphorylate the MAPKs they do so with varying degrees of potency that depends upon both their MAPK binding affinity and sub-cellular localization. There are 10 catalytically active members in this group and they exhibit distinct sub-cellular localization, responses to extracellular stimuli, tiss ...
A Long Twentieth Century of Review the Cell
... (Hartwell, 1974). This thinking focused attention on the way in which different cell cycle events were linked together in an orderly sequence. Later events were often found to be dependent upon the successful completion of earlier events, and it was reasoned that these dependencies could be of two t ...
... (Hartwell, 1974). This thinking focused attention on the way in which different cell cycle events were linked together in an orderly sequence. Later events were often found to be dependent upon the successful completion of earlier events, and it was reasoned that these dependencies could be of two t ...
Signal transduction
Signal transduction occurs when an extracellular signaling molecule activates a specific receptor located on the cell surface or inside the cell. In turn, this receptor triggers a biochemical chain of events inside the cell, creating a response. Depending on the cell, the response alters the cell's metabolism, shape, gene expression, or ability to divide. The signal can be amplified at any step. Thus, one signaling molecule can cause many responses.