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... There is very little data on the cell biology of PR1s in plants. In Arabidopsis, PR1 protein tagged with mCherry was found to accumulate in high levels in the apoplastic space of the epidermis of cotyledons of wild-type seedlings, with only a weak signal detected in the vacuolar lumen [8]. However, ...
... There is very little data on the cell biology of PR1s in plants. In Arabidopsis, PR1 protein tagged with mCherry was found to accumulate in high levels in the apoplastic space of the epidermis of cotyledons of wild-type seedlings, with only a weak signal detected in the vacuolar lumen [8]. However, ...
N1 - Herrin High School
... Question: Diffusion is the movement of molecules from a. an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration. b. an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. c. an area of equilibrium to an area of low ...
... Question: Diffusion is the movement of molecules from a. an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration. b. an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. c. an area of equilibrium to an area of low ...
3. Feedback mechanisms control cellular respiration
... • Fermentation and cellular respiration are anaerobic and aerobic alternatives, respectively, for producing ATP from sugars. • Both use glycolysis to oxidize sugars to pyruvate with a net production of 2 ATP by substrate-level ...
... • Fermentation and cellular respiration are anaerobic and aerobic alternatives, respectively, for producing ATP from sugars. • Both use glycolysis to oxidize sugars to pyruvate with a net production of 2 ATP by substrate-level ...
Herpesvirus Glycoproteins Undergo Multiple Antigenic Changes
... antigenic changes in gB and gH that broadly coincide with membrane fusion. Thus extracellular virion gB (by definition prefusion) is recognized by mAb BN-1A7 but not by mAb MG-1A12 (BN-1A7+MG-1A12-), whereas after capsid release from late endosomes gB (now by definition post-fusion) is BN-1A7-MG1A12 ...
... antigenic changes in gB and gH that broadly coincide with membrane fusion. Thus extracellular virion gB (by definition prefusion) is recognized by mAb BN-1A7 but not by mAb MG-1A12 (BN-1A7+MG-1A12-), whereas after capsid release from late endosomes gB (now by definition post-fusion) is BN-1A7-MG1A12 ...
Adlai E. Stevenson High School Course Description
... Identify and discuss the 4 unique properties of water. Provide an example of each property as it relates to living organisms. Identify and distinguish between hydrogen bonds and Van der Waals interactions. Rank these in order of strength. Explain the behavior of valence electrons in each intermolecu ...
... Identify and discuss the 4 unique properties of water. Provide an example of each property as it relates to living organisms. Identify and distinguish between hydrogen bonds and Van der Waals interactions. Rank these in order of strength. Explain the behavior of valence electrons in each intermolecu ...
The importance of foetal movement for co
... In the 1970s, newborns with joint contractures, pulmonary hypoplasia, facial deformities and overall growth retardation were suggested by some to suffer from specific autosomal-recessive mutations, whereas others argued that this phenotype resulted from related, though discrete, disorders.6-8 The di ...
... In the 1970s, newborns with joint contractures, pulmonary hypoplasia, facial deformities and overall growth retardation were suggested by some to suffer from specific autosomal-recessive mutations, whereas others argued that this phenotype resulted from related, though discrete, disorders.6-8 The di ...
PLANT CELL WALL PROTEINS
... It took 85 million years for land plants to evolve from their green-algae ancestors. One of the most notable changes that occurred was the development of different kinds of cell walls. The vast ecological diversity of plants is directly associated with a great variety in size, shape, form, and funct ...
... It took 85 million years for land plants to evolve from their green-algae ancestors. One of the most notable changes that occurred was the development of different kinds of cell walls. The vast ecological diversity of plants is directly associated with a great variety in size, shape, form, and funct ...
Role of N-linked oligosaccharide chains in the processing and
... Asparagine-linked (N-linked) glycosylation is one of the most common post-translational modifications of proteins in the exocytic pathway of eukaryotic cells. The addition of N-linked oligosaccharides starts in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) when the target sequence Asn-X-Ser/Thr (where X is any ami ...
... Asparagine-linked (N-linked) glycosylation is one of the most common post-translational modifications of proteins in the exocytic pathway of eukaryotic cells. The addition of N-linked oligosaccharides starts in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) when the target sequence Asn-X-Ser/Thr (where X is any ami ...
a brief history Agrobacterium tumefaciens
... Regulation of vir gene expression Most vir genes are inducible, vir genes can be induced by exposure of Agrobacterium to exudates isolated from wounded plant cells Many chemicals can induce vir gene expression; these are typified by phenolic compounds such as acetosyringone Two vir loci are single ...
... Regulation of vir gene expression Most vir genes are inducible, vir genes can be induced by exposure of Agrobacterium to exudates isolated from wounded plant cells Many chemicals can induce vir gene expression; these are typified by phenolic compounds such as acetosyringone Two vir loci are single ...
The zebrafish as a model to study intestinal inflammation
... might play a role in mucosal immunity. The epithelial folds of the posterior region are short and this part does not contain absorptive enterocytes, but is likely involved in water absorption (Wallace et al., 2005). A recent study by Wang et al. performed micro-array analysis the gut of adult zebrafi ...
... might play a role in mucosal immunity. The epithelial folds of the posterior region are short and this part does not contain absorptive enterocytes, but is likely involved in water absorption (Wallace et al., 2005). A recent study by Wang et al. performed micro-array analysis the gut of adult zebrafi ...
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
... the SER. In mammals the mitochondria are also directly involved. Many of the reactions involve the addition of hydroxyl groups (which may then oxidized to form carbonyl groups). The cytochrome P450s are heavily involved in these processes. Following are some aspects of steroid hormone synthesis, par ...
... the SER. In mammals the mitochondria are also directly involved. Many of the reactions involve the addition of hydroxyl groups (which may then oxidized to form carbonyl groups). The cytochrome P450s are heavily involved in these processes. Following are some aspects of steroid hormone synthesis, par ...
Alkaloids * Natural nitrogenous secondary metabolites from plants
... In animals, produced by degradation of L-Trp In most plants, L-Asp is the precursor Nuc. attack on phosphoglyceraldehyde followed by imine formation Reaction with N-methyl pyrrolinium leads to nicotine Nicotinic acid is also produced during the roasting of coffee from the decomposition of N-methyl d ...
... In animals, produced by degradation of L-Trp In most plants, L-Asp is the precursor Nuc. attack on phosphoglyceraldehyde followed by imine formation Reaction with N-methyl pyrrolinium leads to nicotine Nicotinic acid is also produced during the roasting of coffee from the decomposition of N-methyl d ...
Ontologies for biological annotation
... process The processes pertinent to the function of an organism above the cellular level; includes the integrated processes of tissues and organs ...
... process The processes pertinent to the function of an organism above the cellular level; includes the integrated processes of tissues and organs ...
Review Form - Saddleback College
... The half maximal effective concentrations (EC50), were significantly different (p = 9.17 x 10-5, one tailed unpaired t-test) between the mutant and wild type cells. The data supports that the binding site identified by crystallography is the functional binding site through which Riluzole exerts posi ...
... The half maximal effective concentrations (EC50), were significantly different (p = 9.17 x 10-5, one tailed unpaired t-test) between the mutant and wild type cells. The data supports that the binding site identified by crystallography is the functional binding site through which Riluzole exerts posi ...
Gap junctions between optic nerve head astrocytes.
... metabolic coupling.11 In electrical coupling, a current applied to one cell spreads to its coupled neighboring cell to a greater degree than would be expected from their physical closeness. Ions seem to pass from one cell to the next via lowresistance pathways. Since all cells with electrical coupli ...
... metabolic coupling.11 In electrical coupling, a current applied to one cell spreads to its coupled neighboring cell to a greater degree than would be expected from their physical closeness. Ions seem to pass from one cell to the next via lowresistance pathways. Since all cells with electrical coupli ...
KOBITO1 Encodes a Novel Plasma Membrane Protein Necessary
... in kob1 is not an indirect result of the reduced cell elongation. Interestingly, in the meristematic zone of kob1 roots, microfibrils appeared unaltered compared with the wild type, suggesting a role for KOB1 preferentially in rapidly elongating cells. KOB1 was cloned and encodes a novel, highly con ...
... in kob1 is not an indirect result of the reduced cell elongation. Interestingly, in the meristematic zone of kob1 roots, microfibrils appeared unaltered compared with the wild type, suggesting a role for KOB1 preferentially in rapidly elongating cells. KOB1 was cloned and encodes a novel, highly con ...
The MKK7 gene encodes a group of c-Jun NH2
... Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are components of pathways that relay signals to particular cell compartments in response to a diverse array of extracellular stimuli (38, 42, 63, 83). Activated MAPK can translocate to the nucleus and phosphorylate substrates, including transcription factor ...
... Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are components of pathways that relay signals to particular cell compartments in response to a diverse array of extracellular stimuli (38, 42, 63, 83). Activated MAPK can translocate to the nucleus and phosphorylate substrates, including transcription factor ...
In Vitro Toxicology and Cellular Fate Determination Using
... biosensors of cell viability. In particular, mitochondrial membranes respond to relatively low concentrations of toxic compounds, leading to a cascade of biochemical signals that culminates in the release of cytochrome c and the progression of apoptosis. This form of cell death limits damage to adja ...
... biosensors of cell viability. In particular, mitochondrial membranes respond to relatively low concentrations of toxic compounds, leading to a cascade of biochemical signals that culminates in the release of cytochrome c and the progression of apoptosis. This form of cell death limits damage to adja ...
symmetry breaking in cellular systems
... The driving force for cortex breakage in cells can be enhanced by increasing the activity of myosin II, leading to an increased contractility of the cortex and a larger cortical tension. Indeed, blebbing in cells is enhanced when the global contractility of the cortex is increased (Sahai and Marshal ...
... The driving force for cortex breakage in cells can be enhanced by increasing the activity of myosin II, leading to an increased contractility of the cortex and a larger cortical tension. Indeed, blebbing in cells is enhanced when the global contractility of the cortex is increased (Sahai and Marshal ...
Chapter 6 – How Cells Harvest Chemical Energy Standard 1.g
... The purpose of glycolysis is to split/breakdown glucose into two 3 carbon compounds (pyruvic ...
... The purpose of glycolysis is to split/breakdown glucose into two 3 carbon compounds (pyruvic ...
From yeast to patient neurons and back again - Lindquist Lab
... evolutionary distance, basic cell biological processes are highly conserved from yeast to humans. Vesicle trafficking pathways, mechanisms that maintain proper protein folding, mitochondria, and lipid biology, for example, are fundamentally similar from yeast to humans. As a single-cell ‘living test ...
... evolutionary distance, basic cell biological processes are highly conserved from yeast to humans. Vesicle trafficking pathways, mechanisms that maintain proper protein folding, mitochondria, and lipid biology, for example, are fundamentally similar from yeast to humans. As a single-cell ‘living test ...
Recombinant Rat Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor (CNTF)
... Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) is a polypeptide initially purified from chick embryo ocular tissue and identified as a trophic factor for embryonic chick ciliary parasympathetic neurons in culture. Subsequent studies have demonstrated that CNTF is a survival factor for additional neuronal cell t ...
... Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) is a polypeptide initially purified from chick embryo ocular tissue and identified as a trophic factor for embryonic chick ciliary parasympathetic neurons in culture. Subsequent studies have demonstrated that CNTF is a survival factor for additional neuronal cell t ...
pMAL FAQs
... freeze/thaw cycle. After the ethanol is removed, the resin should be stored at 4°C to prevent damage from freezing. FACTOR Xa CLEAVAGE 20. Factor Xa seems to be cleaving my protein at several sites, even though the protein does not contain any IEGR sequences. The specificity of Factor Xa reported he ...
... freeze/thaw cycle. After the ethanol is removed, the resin should be stored at 4°C to prevent damage from freezing. FACTOR Xa CLEAVAGE 20. Factor Xa seems to be cleaving my protein at several sites, even though the protein does not contain any IEGR sequences. The specificity of Factor Xa reported he ...
Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
... during NaCl stress [4,5]. In addition, molecular genetic approaches using the model plant Arabidopsis have led to the identification of a regulatory pathway and determinants for Na+ ionic homeostasis. Included amongst these are SOS (for salt overlay sensitive) proteins, sodium transporters, protein k ...
... during NaCl stress [4,5]. In addition, molecular genetic approaches using the model plant Arabidopsis have led to the identification of a regulatory pathway and determinants for Na+ ionic homeostasis. Included amongst these are SOS (for salt overlay sensitive) proteins, sodium transporters, protein k ...
Signal transduction
Signal transduction occurs when an extracellular signaling molecule activates a specific receptor located on the cell surface or inside the cell. In turn, this receptor triggers a biochemical chain of events inside the cell, creating a response. Depending on the cell, the response alters the cell's metabolism, shape, gene expression, or ability to divide. The signal can be amplified at any step. Thus, one signaling molecule can cause many responses.